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Algae, Brown (7):
Recent article
Algae, Brown
Abstract
The most conspicuous feature in previous phaeophycean phylogenies is a large polytomy known as the brown algal crown radiation (BACR). The BACR encompasses 10 out of the 17 currently recognized brown algal orders. A recent study has been able to resolve a few nodes of the BACR, suggesting that it ma...
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PMID: 20412862
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The levels of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were determined in the commonest species of green, red, and brown algae collected from five coastal sites in south-western Sardinia (Italy), an area with a long history of mining and smelting. The usefulness of employing Enteromorpha sp. and Padina pavonica (L.) Thiv...
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PMID: 19603278
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the 214 million base pair (Mbp) genome sequence of the filamentous seaweed Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye, a model organism for brown algae, closely related to the kelps (Fig. 1). Genome features such as the presence of an extended set of light-harvesting and pigment biosynthesis...
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PMID: 20520714
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results indicate that M. ectocarpii produces two types of plasmodia, and suggest that is a species with a complete life cycle, as it is known for all the Plasmodiophormycota that have been studied. Sporogenic and sporangial plasmodia produce, respectively, primary zoospores with parallel flagell...
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PMID: 20506630
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ecklonia stolonifera is a rich source of phlorotannins, which are responsible for the potent pharmacological effects associated with this seaweed. The purpose of this study was to develop a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of three major...
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PMID: 20422362
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Planta Medica (76)4 2010
Abstract
We describe in this paper that the diterpenes 8,10,18-trihydroxy-2,6-dolabelladiene ( 1) and (6 R)-6-hydroxydichotoma-4,14-diene-1,17-dial ( 2), isolated from the marine algae DICTYOTA PFAFFII and D. MENSTRUALIS, respectively, inhibited HSV-1 infection in Vero cells. We initially observed that compo...
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PMID: 19764012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the correlation between the tightness of tight junctions (TJs) and the anti-invasive activity of the ethyl alcohol extract of Hizikia fusiforme (EHF) in Hep3B human hepatocarcinoma cells. EHF inhibited cell proliferation, motility, and invasiveness, which were associated with increased TJ...
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PMID: 20136433
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemosphere (78)4 2010
Abstract
Copper complexation in marine systems is mainly controlled by organic matter, partially produced by micro- and macroalgae that release exudates with the capacity to bind metals. This feature is important as it influences bioavailability, bioaccumulation, toxicity, and transport of copper through bio...
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PMID: 19962173
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Gastroenterology (10) 2010
Abstract
Fucoidan induced substantial reductions in viable cell numbers and apoptosis of HT-29 and HCT116 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In HT-29 cells, fucoidan also increased the levels of cleaved caspases-8, -9, -7, and -3, and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) levels. The levels of the X-lin...
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PMID: 20727207
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The absolute configuration of the pentacyclic ichthyotoxin stypotriol, a constituent of Stypopodium zonale, was deduced to be 3S,5R,8R,9R,10S,13S,14S-(-)-1 by vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy of the derived triacetate 2 in comparison to DFT B3LYP/DGDZVP calculations. Compound 2, C33H46O7...
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PMID: 19768979
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have shown that L. obliqua venom is able to clot human plasma and hemolize human erythrocytes and that the coagulation activity of the venom is inhibited by the extracts of C. cervicornis, S. zonale and D. pfaffi. In contrast, C. cervicornis and S. zonale extracts did not inhibit the hemolytic ac...
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PMID: 19768986
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of Ecklonia stolonifera was used to determine the chemical identity of bioactive constituents, with potent antioxidant activities. The structures of the phlorotannins were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and mass spectrometry analysis...
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PMID: 19338274
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemico-Biological Interactions (179)2-3 2009
Abstract
These results suggested the phlorotannin derivatives (1, 2) could promote cell differentiation, attenuate MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13 expressions, and inflammatory response via MAPK pathway in chronic articular diseases....
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PMID: 19330880
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A new epoxy-cadinane sesquiterpene, 4beta,5beta-epoxycadinan-1beta-ol (1), and six known cadinane sesquiterpenes: cadinan-1,4,5-triol (2), 4alpha,5beta-dihydroxycubenol (3), cubenol (4), cadinan-3-ene-1,5-diol (5), cubenol-3-one (6), and torreyol (7), were isolated from a sample of marine brown alga...
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PMID: 20098601
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The chloroplast genomes of two brown algae, Ectocarpus siliculosus and Fucus vesiculosus, have been fully sequenced. These species represent two distinct orders of the Phaeophyceae, which is a major group within the heterokont lineage. The sizes of the circular plastid genomes are 139,954 and 124,98...
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PMID: 19835607
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genome Biology (10)6 2009
Abstract
This first large-scale transcriptomic study of a brown alga demonstrates that, unlike terrestrial plants, E. siliculosus undergoes extensive reprogramming of its transcriptome during the acclimation to mild abiotic stress. We identify several new genes and pathways with a putative function in the st...
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PMID: 19531237
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A sample of the marine brown alga D. divaricata collected off the coast of Yantai (P.R. China) was dried, powdered, and extracted with the mixture of CHCl(3) and MeOH (1:1, v/v). By a combination of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative TLC, a new cadinane sesquiterpene...
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PMID: 19553898
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acute toxicity study and antipyretic effect of the brown alga Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kuetz.
Abstract
The active principles of brown alga, Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kuetz. (Sargassaceae) was extracted with n-hexane, cyclohexane, methanol and ethanol-water (1:1) and investigated for acute toxicity and antipyretic activity. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of steroids,...
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PMID: 20448848
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggested that compounds 1 and 3 could be the key effectors in the crude methanol extract of EC against allergy disease and used as novel candidates for development in the cosmetic and drug industries potentially....
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PMID: 19053379
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We first tested the influence of low-molecular-weight (LMW) fucoidan extracted from pheophicae cell wall on bidimensional cultured normal human osteoblasts' behaviors. Second, by impregnation procedure with LMW fucoidan of bone biomaterial (Lubboc), we explored in this bone extracellular matrix cont...
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PMID: 18189302
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Fucoidans are sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds. They have a wide spectrum of activity in biological systems. Besides their well-known anticoagulant and anti-thrombotic activity, fucoidans modulate inflammation, possess antiproliferative and anti-adhesive effects on cells, prote...
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PMID: 19053854
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Glycobiology (18)12 2008
Abstract
Sulfated fucans and galactans are strongly anionic polysaccharides found in marine organisms. Their structures vary among species, but their major features are conserved among phyla. Sulfated fucans are found in marine brown algae and echinoderms, whereas sulfated galactans occur in red and green al...
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PMID: 18796647
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conducted this study to isolate novel anti-hyperlipidemic agents derived from natural marine products. To accomplish this, we investigated the effects of ethanolic (EtOH) extracts of Ecklonia stolonifera and its phlorotannin constituents, eckol and dieckol, on serum lipid levels in rats with hype...
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PMID: 19099225
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology (120)1 2008
Abstract
Lobophora variegata and Udotea conglutinata demonstrated promising anti-trichomonal potential and have been selected for further bio-guided fractionation and isolation of active anti-trichomonal compounds....
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PMID: 18725281
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Food and Chemical Toxicology (46)11 2008
Abstract
We isolated a glycoprotein from the brown alga Hizikia fusiformis (HFGP) and examined whether it could protect against Acetaminophen (AAP)-induced liver injury in vivo and in vitro. AAP, one of the most commonly abused drugs, may cause fatal liver injury. An analysis of the effects of HFGP on AAP to...
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PMID: 18809456
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Uptake and depuration kinetics of dissolved silver were determined in the brown alga Lobophora variegata, using radiotracer techniques. Results indicate that this widely distributed alga could be a useful bioindicator species for surveying silver contamination in tropical environments. Indeed, resul...
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PMID: 18766289
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For the first time, on the basis of nuclear, plastid and mitochondrial sequence data, the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Dictyotales to date is presented, in a broad context where all brown algal orders are included (except Discosporangiales, Ascoseirales and Nemodermatales). A veto s...
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PMID: 18652904
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology / Zhongguo sheng tai xue xue hui, Zhongguo ke xue yuan Shenyang ying yong sheng tai yan jiu suo zhu ban (19)10 2008
Abstract
Based on the survey of benthic algae in the intertidal zone of Ma' an Archipelago from March to July 2007, the algal species composition, distribution, and temperature feature were studied. The dominant algal species in the study area were preliminarily analyzed by using similarity indices (S(c)) an...
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PMID: 19123370
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study the protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity of natural products from algae aiming at searching for new way for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. METHOD: Bromophenols derivatives from algae were screened against the PTP1B by the colo...
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PMID: 19166016
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology/Revue Canadienne de Physiologie et Pharmacologie (86)10 2008
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the protective role of crude polysaccharide from brown seaweed Sargassum polycystum against acetaminophen-induced abnormality in blood glucose, serum albumin/globulin ratio, and liver glycogen, lactate, and pyruvate. Liver and renal tissue histology was performed...
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PMID: 18841170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results indicated that this co-culture model could imitate the gut inflammation in vivo. In addition, fucoidan, sulphated polysaccharides from brown algae, was employed as a candidate of evolution and added to the apical side of this model. Fucoidan suppressed IL-8 gene expression through a re...
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PMID: 18647595
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
International Journal of Cancer (123)11 2008
Abstract
We evaluated the anti-ATL effects of fucoxanthin and its metabolite, fucoxanthinol. Both carotenoids inhibited cell viability of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines and ATL cells, and fucoxanthinol was approximately twice more potent than fucoxanthin. In contrast, other carotenoids, -carotene and astaxanth...
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PMID: 18798263
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A rod-shaped, Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic, heterotrophic, strictly aerobic, gliding bacterial strain, SW5(T), capable of degrading sulphated fucans from brown algae was isolated from a water-treatment facility that recycles the effluent of an alginate-extraction plant in Landerneau (Brittany,...
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PMID: 18768613
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ecklonia cava (EC), which is an edible marine brown alga with a broad range of bioactivities, belongs to the family of Laminariaceae. The bioactive 6,6'-bieckol, one of the main phloroglucinol derivatives naturally occurred from this genus, was isolated and characterized by NMR techniques. For the f...
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PMID: 18693022
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Three phlorotannins, including phloroglucinol, diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, and 6,6'-bieckol, were isolated from Ishige okamurae by column chromatography. The structures of the phlorotannins were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. A...
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PMID: 18616277
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The anti-diabetic potential of Petalonia binghamiae extract (PBE) was evaluated in vivo. Dietary administration of PBE to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice significantly lowered blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance. The mode of action by which PBE attenuated diabetes was inve...
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PMID: 18555794
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A methoxylated fatty acid that inhibits phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2); EC 3.1.1.4) was purified from the brown seaweed Ishige okamurae. Approximately 8.1 mg of the inhibitory compound, 7-methoxy-9-methylhexadeca-4,8-dienoic acid, was isolated from 1 kg of I. okamurae powder. Recombinant PLA(2) derived...
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PMID: 18570268
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the Southern Australian marine brown alga Cystophora moniliformis resulted in the isolation of two new cyclic epimeric terpene diols, moniliforminol A (25) and moniliforminol B (26), a new linear farnesylacetone derivative (27), and the previously described terpenoids 19-24...
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PMID: 18687007
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent advances in the study of fucoidans, biologically active sulfated alpha-L-fucans of diverse structures and synthesized exclusively by marine organisms, are overviewed. Their structure, biological activity, the products of their enzymatic degradation and the different enzymes of degradation and...
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PMID: 18543244
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study was undertaken to elucidate the intracellular changes of metal elements after the administration of fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus. TRL1215 cells (normal rat liver cell line) were treated with 0, 0.1, or 1.0 mg/ml fucoidan and incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 degrees C. The cellu...
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PMID: 18473126
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Nine tetraprenyltoluquinol-related metabolites (1-9) have been isolated from the organic extract of the temperate brown alga Halidrys siliquosa that exhibits antifouling properties. The planar structure of compounds 1-9 was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and by compariso...
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PMID: 18529079
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the molecular and biochemical characterization of algal GSTs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of them were distinct from previously described GST classes, but were most closely related to the Sigma class. Profiling of GST genes from the red alga Chondrus crispus and brown alga Lamin...
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PMID: 18315526
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Analytica Chimica Acta (616)2 2008
Abstract
A procedure is proposed for the determination of the total amount of sterols in brown algae Bifurcaria bifurcata, Cladostephus hirsitus, Dictyota dichotoma and Cystoseira sedoides, globally determined as fucosterol, which is the major sterol contained in these algae. The method involves the use of c...
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PMID: 18482602
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We developed new oligonucleotide primers for fungal exocellulase genes (cellobiohydrolase, cbhI) and used these to isolate distinct cbhI homologues from four species of litter-decomposing basidiomycete fungi (Clitocybe nuda, Clitocybe gibba, Clitopilus prunulus, and Chlorophyllum molybdites) and two...
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PMID: 18408067
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We attempted to determine whether pretreatment with EC induces a significant inhibition of asthmatic reactions in a mouse asthma model. Mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) evidenced typical asthmatic reactions, as follows: an increase in the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar l...
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PMID: 17804193
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously isolated and characterized fucans from several species of brown seaweed. The characterized fucans from Dictyotaceae are heterofucans containing mainly fucose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and/or uronic acid. The fucan from Fucus vesiculosus is a homofucan containing only sulfated f...
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PMID: 18455359
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Planta Medica (74)7 2008
Abstract
We observed a dose-dependent effect, reaching saturation at around 20 microg/g of rat weight. In addition, this effect is also time-dependent, reaching saturation around 16 h after fucan administration. In addition, regardless of the administration route, fucan A displayed antithrombotic activity. T...
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PMID: 18496786
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this study, adsorption of Cr(VI) onto the four low-cost biosorbents (Laminaria japonica, P. yezoensis Ueda, rice bran and wheat bran) was investigated depending on solution pH, contact time, adsorbent concentration and adsorption isotherms by employing batch adsorption technique. The adsorption c...
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PMID: 17997216
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Hazardous Materials (153)1-2 2008
Abstract
Specific marine macro algae species abundant at the Portuguese coast (Laminaria hyperborea, Bifurcaria bifurcata, Sargassum muticum and Fucus spiralis) were shown to be effective for removing toxic metals (Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II)) from aqueous solutions. The initial metal concentrations in solutio...
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PMID: 17935878
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To obtain a natural antioxidant from a marine biomass, this study investigated the antioxidative activity of methanolic extracts from the marine brown alga, Ishige okamurae collected off Jeju Island. A potent free radical scavenging activity was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction containing poly...
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PMID: 18467860
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The morphological development, ultrastructural cytology, and molecular phylogeny of Eurychasma dicksonii, a holocarpic oomycete endoparasite of phaeophyte algae, were investigated in laboratory cultures. Infection of the host algae by E. dicksonii is initiated by an adhesorium-like infection apparat...
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PMID: 18243049
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Blades of Lessonia vadosa (Phaeophyta) were extracted with 2% CaCl(2) solution, affording in 4.4% yield a polysaccharide which contained fucose and sulfate groups in the molar ratio 1.0:1.12. The high negative optical activity value ([alpha](D)(22)=-134.0 degrees ), FT-IR and NMR analysis suggest th...
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PMID: 18054382
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the effects of fucoidan on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Administration of fucoidan reduced CCl4-induced acute and chronic liver failure. Hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 was also attenuated by injection of fucoidan. Damage to hepatocytes and activation of hepatic stellate cells are k...
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PMID: 18068155
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Biosorption equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of binding of uranium ions to Cystoseria indica were studied in a batch system with respect to temperature and initial metal ion concentration. Algae biomass exhibited the highest uranium uptake capacity at 15 degrees C at an initial uranium ion c...
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PMID: 17582680
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (82)3 2008
Abstract
We proposed that these viruses exist in the vegetative cells in a latent form (R. G. Ivey, E. C. Henry, A. M. Lee, L. Klepper, S. K. Krueger, and R. H. Meints, Virology 220:267-273, 1996). In this article we present evidence that the two FsV genomes are integrated into the host genome during vegetat...
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PMID: 18032486
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Phytotherapy Research (22)2 2008
Abstract
Components of phlorotannin, which were extracted from Ecklonia species, have been reported to have in vitro radioprotective and antioxidative effects. The radioprotective effects of two of the components of phlorotannin, phloroglucinol and eckol, in intestinal stem cells were examined by evaluating...
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PMID: 17886227
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A novel chemotaxonomical method based on 1D (1)H HRMAS NMR spectroscopy is being tested for taxonomical purposes. This powerful technique allowed us to discriminate between specimens belonging to two sister species of Turbinaria, which are difficult to tell apart using only morphological characters....
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PMID: 18371754
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biofouling (24)1 2008
Abstract
A variety of macroalgae (Ceramium rubrum, Corallina officinalis, Palmaria palmata, Mastocarpus stellatus, Fucus vesiculosus, Cladophora rupestris, Ulva sp.) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy to visualize epiphytic colonizers. The macroalgae differed in terms of their epiphytic covera...
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PMID: 18092216
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Stomatologiia (87)6 2008
Abstract
1% water solution extract Fucus reduced inflammation emerged in cases of chronic parodontal disease. This was confirmed by positive dynamics of subjective and objective clinical symptoms, reduction of parodontal and hygienic indexes, improvement of parodontal microcirculation.
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PMID: 19156100
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Marine Pollution Bulletin (57)6-12 2008
Abstract
Melbourne Water's Eastern Treatment Plant (ETP) produces a secondary-treated sewage effluent which is chlorinated and discharged into Bass Strait at Boags Rocks, Victoria, Australia. Disappearance of the sensitive brown seaweed Hormosira banksii from rock platforms immediately adjacent to the shore-...
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PMID: 18241892
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.