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Polyglutamic Acid (0):
Recent article
Polyglutamic Acid
Biomacromolecules (11)8 2010
Abstract
We call a mixture hydrogel. The mixture contains two ABA-type triblock copolymers poly(d,l-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) with different block ratios, and one polymer is soluble in water, but the other is not. The aqueou...
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PMID: 20690723
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
To enhance the stability of the anticancer drug gemcitabine (2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine), it was conjugated to poly-l-glutamic acid (PG-H) via a carbodiimide reaction. The synthesised poly-l-glutamic acid-gemcitabine (PG-G) was purified and characterised by using SDS-PAGE to estimate its molecu...
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PMID: 20214970
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that gamma-PGA NPs induce a CD8(+) T-cell response by activating innate immunity in a fashion different from that of LPS. Thus, gamma-PGA NPs may be an attractive candidate to be developed further as a vaccine adjuvant....
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PMID: 20219877
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Physical Chemistry B (114)14 2010
Abstract
The optical tracer self-diffusion of rodlike poly(benzyl-alpha,l-glutamate) (PBLG) is measured in pyridine solutions spanning the isotropic-liquid crystalline phase boundary for two different molecular weights, M = 134 500 (contour length L = 921 A, axial ratio x = 58) and M = 24 600 (L = 168 A, x =...
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PMID: 20337407
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate for the first time a detergent-aided method to produce polymersomes. Peptidic polymersomes were formed from the rod-rod block copolymer PBLG(36)-E, where PBLG is hydrophobic poly(gamma-benzyl l-glutamate) and E is a hydrophilic designed peptide. The block copolymer was first solubiliz...
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PMID: 20329745
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assessed the eye irritancy potential of gamma PGA in rabbits. Additionally, we studied the effects of gamma-PGA on corneal wound healing, due to the anti inflammatory properties and water retaining abilities of gamma-PGA. In this study, the effects of gamma-PGA on corneal wound healing after an a...
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PMID: 20467257
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biomaterials (31)10 2010
Abstract
We have investigated the intracellular delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded poly(gamma-benzyl L-glutamate)-block-hyaluronan (PBLG-b-HYA) based polymersomes (PolyDOX) in high (MCF-7) and low (U87) CD44 expressing cancer cell models. DOX was successfully loaded into polymersomes using nanoprecipitatio...
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PMID: 20053435
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Anti-Cancer Drugs (21)4 2010
Abstract
We sought to test the hypothesis that increased delivery of taxane chemotherapy to the tumor through the use of a macromolecular polymer-drug conjugate of paclitaxel modulated by estradiol could extend the utility of this class of drugs. Patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate who pr...
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PMID: 20016365
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biopolymers (93)4 2010
Abstract
A fluorescently labeled 20-residue polyglutamic acid (polyE) peptide 20 amino acid length polyglutamic acid (E(20)) was used to study structural changes which occur in E(20) as it co-aggregates with other unlabeled polyE peptides. Resonance energy transfer (RET) was performed using a...
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PMID: 19927295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biopolymers (93)4 2010
Abstract
A fluorescently labeled 20-residue polyglutamic acid (polyE) peptide 20 amino acid length polyglutamic acid (E(20)) was used to study structural changes which occur in E(20) as it co-aggregates with other unlabeled polyE peptides. Resonance energy transfer (RET) was performed using a...
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PMID: 19927295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biopolymers (93)4 2010
Abstract
A fluorescently labeled 20-residue polyglutamic acid (polyE) peptide 20 amino acid length polyglutamic acid (E(20)) was used to study structural changes which occur in E(20) as it co-aggregates with other unlabeled polyE peptides. Resonance energy transfer (RET) was performed using a...
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PMID: 19927295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biopolymers (93)4 2010
Abstract
A fluorescently labeled 20-residue polyglutamic acid (polyE) peptide 20 amino acid length polyglutamic acid (E(20)) was used to study structural changes which occur in E(20) as it co-aggregates with other unlabeled polyE peptides. Resonance energy transfer (RET) was performed using a...
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PMID: 19927295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biopolymers (93)4 2010
Abstract
A fluorescently labeled 20-residue polyglutamic acid (polyE) peptide 20 amino acid length polyglutamic acid (E(20)) was used to study structural changes which occur in E(20) as it co-aggregates with other unlabeled polyE peptides. Resonance energy transfer (RET) was performed using a...
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PMID: 19927295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biopolymers (93)4 2010
Abstract
A fluorescently labeled 20-residue polyglutamic acid (polyE) peptide 20 amino acid length polyglutamic acid (E(20)) was used to study structural changes which occur in E(20) as it co-aggregates with other unlabeled polyE peptides. Resonance energy transfer (RET) was performed using a...
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PMID: 19927295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For being fully efficient a targeted delivery system should associate simultaneously multiple functionalities. In this context, the association of several polymeric materials to form composite multifunctional particles can be foreseen. The present work describes the synthesis of different derivates...
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PMID: 20005933
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (20)5 2010
Tubulin polyglutamylation regulates axonemal motility by modulating activities of inner-arm dyneins.
Abstract
We found that the lack of a long polyglutamate side chain in alpha-tubulin moderately weakens flagellar motility without noticeably impairing the axonemal structure. Furthermore, the double mutant of tpg1 with oda2, a mutation that leads to loss of outer-arm dynein, completely lacks motility. More s...
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PMID: 20188560
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Infection and Immunity (78)1 2010
Abstract
We characterized the innate immune response elicited by PGA in the human monocytic cell line THP-1, which was differentiated into macrophages with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (hMoDCs). PGA capsules were isolated from the culture supernatant of eit...
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PMID: 19737897
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel, highly water-soluble poly(L-γ-glutamyl-glutamine)-paclitaxel nanoconjugate (PGG-PTX) that would improve the therapeutic index of paclitaxel (PTX). PGG-PTX is a modification of poly(L-glutamic acid)- paclitaxel conjugate (PGA-PTX) in which an additio...
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PMID: 21042550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We reported that 200-nm-sized nanoparticles composed of hydrophobically-modified poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA) showed great potential as protein carriers. Moreover, protein-encapsulated hydrophobic gamma-PGA (gamma-hPGA) nanoparticles efficiently delivered loaded proteins from the endosomes...
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PMID: 20178688
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously reported a hydrogel template approach for the construction of centimeter-sized three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissues composed of cultured cells and extracellular matrices (ECM) produced by the cells. However, the interior of the engineered tissues was low in cell density; thus...
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PMID: 20233500
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The major difficulty in designing carrier system for gene delivery is finding a good compromise between structure, stability, and efficiency. Current carrier systems are limited in terms of release kinetics, toxicity, and overall capacity to carry biomolecules. The objectives of this study were to d...
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PMID: 19231917
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Pralatrexate demonstrated a distinct mechanistic and anti-tumor activity profile relative to methotrexate and pemetrexed. Pralatrexate exhibited enhanced cellular uptake and increased polyglutamylation, which correlated with increased TGI in NSCLC xenograft models....
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PMID: 19221750
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Otolaryngologia Polska (63)7 2009
Abstract
The histological and macroscopic examinations indicated that both materials developed in this study have properties similar to cartilaginous tissue and seem to be good for her restoration. Although the quickest tissue regeneration was found after implantation of PLG-Hyal....
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PMID: 20564904
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience Research (65)Pt 9 2009
Abstract
Particular Bacillus subtilis strains produce a capsular polypeptide poly-gamma-glutamate (gamma-PGA) that functions as a physical barrier against bacteriophage infection. Bacteriophage PhiNIT1 can infect B. subtilis and produces a novel gamma-PGA hydrolase PghP. PghP was overexpressed, purified and c...
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PMID: 19724131
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that differences in the interaction of sodium and potassium with the carboxylate side chains of alpha-poly-L-glutamate (alpha-PGA) have a dramatic effect on the conformational properties of the polypeptide. Potassium ions cluster mainly in the second and th...
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PMID: 19618952
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Biomaterialia (5)6 2009
Abstract
The development of blended biomacromolecule and polyester scaffolds can potentially be used in many tissue engineering applications. This study was to develop a poly(gamma-glutamic acid)-graft-chondroitin sulfate-blend-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (gamma-PGA-g-CS/PCL) composite biomate...
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PMID: 19282262
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Novel water-insoluble, and reduction-responsive nonwoven scaffolds were fabricated from gamma-PGA and tested in cell culture. An electrospinning method was developed to produce scaffolds of fibers with diameters of 0.05-0.5 microm. Crosslinking of the fibers with cystamine in the pre...
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PMID: 19370750
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed 3 types of whole genome variation: leukemia cell gene expression and somatic copy number variation, and inherited single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and determined their association with MTXPGs in leukemia cells. Seven genes (FHOD3, IMPA2, ME2, RASSF4, SLC39A6, SMAD2, and SMA...
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PMID: 19066393
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biomaterials (30)14 2009
Abstract
We discovered a vector coated by gamma-polyglutamic acid (gamma-PGA) for effective and safe gene delivery. In order to develop a useful non-viral vector, we prepared several ternary complexes constructed with pDNA, polyethylenimine (PEI), and various polyanions, such as polyadenylic acid, polyinosin...
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PMID: 19232715
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
PPX is a water-soluble paclitaxel-polymer conjugate with a prolonged half-life and a limited volume of distribution. PPX/cisplatin showed good activity in a refractory patient population; however, cumulative neuropathy was a significant issue at high doses, suggesting that a lower dose may be approp...
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PMID: 18682950
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Methotrexate is used widely in the pharmacotherapy of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Polyglutamates of methotrexate are active metabolites which accumulate in cells including erythrocytes. Their intracellular concentration may reflect methotrexate bioavailability and, at the same time, may serve as...
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PMID: 19322908
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A large-scale fully-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation of poly-l-glutamate demonstrates that a small amount of sodium chloride switches the preferred conformation from an extended conformation to a compact alpha-helix.
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PMID: 19214308
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biomaterials (30)9 2009
Abstract
We further demonstrated that besides a non-specific charged-mediated binding to cell membranes, there were specific trypsin-cleavable proteins involved in the internalization of CS/DNA/gamma-PGA NPs. The aforementioned results indicated that gamma-PGA played multiple important roles in enhancing the...
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PMID: 19110309
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We and others have recently identified tubulin polyglutamylases in the TTLL family [Janke, C., et al. (2005) Science 308, 1758-1762; Ikegami, K., et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281, 30707-30716; van Dijk, J., et al. (2007) Mol. Cell 26, 437-448]. Previously, we identified TTLL7 as a beta-tubulin-selec...
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PMID: 19152315
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have shown that the capture and release of cefazolin was pH-induced and could be controlled, and the developed antibiotic-incorporated polypeptide multilayer nanocoatings could prevent Staphylococcus aureus colonization thus showing great potential for preventing implant-associated infection.
Cop...
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PMID: 18161817
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose that PGA-DMSP conjugates merit evaluation for anti-tumor efficacy in pre-clinical tumor models....
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PMID: 19097786
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also concluded that the toxic phloretin was not released from the conjugates. These results suggest that γ-PGA-phloridzin conjugates have potential as oral anti-diabetic drugs with high safety....
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PMID: 18977257
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We synthesized gamma-PGA in the medium without the addition of L-glutamic acid. Bacillus subtilis SBS was a L-glutamic acid-independent bacterium. The suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for the synthesis of thrombolytic enzyme (BTE) were soluble starch and soybean peptone. However,the suitable car...
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PMID: 19388264
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Infection and Immunity (77)1 2009
Abstract
We examined the cellular uptake and organelle localization of PGA in the murine macrophage-like cell line J774.2. We found that PGA binds to and is internalized by J774.2 cells and accumulates in CD71 transferrin receptor-positive endosomes. The receptor-mediated endocytosis inhibitors amantadine an...
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PMID: 19001075
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Natural inspiration: Amphiphilic polysaccharide-block-polypeptide copolymers were synthesized by click chemistry from dextran end-functionalized with an alkyne group and poly(gamma-benzyl L-glutamate) end-functionalized with an azide group. The ability of these copolymers to self-assemble into small...
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PMID: 19248065
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study focused on the preparation and evaluation of nanoparticles made of alkyl esters of microbial poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (PGGA) to be used as drugs and proteins carrier and delivery systems. Racemic PGGA of bacterial origin was fully methylated or partially esterified to render non-water-so...
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PMID: 19454169
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
pH-Responsive nanoparticles composed of chitosan (CS) and poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) blended with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and MgSO(4) (multi-ion-crosslinked NPs) were prepared and characterized to determine their effectiveness in the oral delivery of insulin. Their counterparts without TPP...
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PMID: 18817821
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gynecologic Oncology (111)3 2008
Abstract
Patients received PPX in the second line (15%) and third line (85%) setting. In cohort 2, 25 out of 47 determined cases (53%) were platinum resistant and 17 out of 43 determined cases (40%) were taxane-resistant. The overall response rates for cohort 2 were 0/49 (0%) CR, 8/49 (16%) PR, and 20/49 (41...
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PMID: 18829087
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We may be able to reduce the adverse effects of a drug and simultaneously enhance the anti-tumor effect. Polymeric micelles were expected to increase the accumulation of drugs in tumor tissues utilizing the enhanced permeability and retention effect and to incorporate various kinds of drugs into the...
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PMID: 18988667
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that gamma-PGA increased Ca solubility, thereby enhancing Ca absorption in rats in the acute phase. In addition, chronic administration of gamma-PGA to rats increased the apparent Ca balance and bone Ca content. The active transcellular pathway in the proximal small intestine w...
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PMID: 19060416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Arthritis & Rheumatism (58)11 2008
Abstract
The median times to reach steady state in RBCs (defined as 90% of the maximum concentration) were 6.2, 10.6, 41.2, 149, and 139.8 weeks, respectively, for MTXGlu1, MTXGlu2, MTXGlu3, MTXGlu4, and MTXGlu5. The median half-life of accumulation for RBC MTXGlu1-5 ranged from 1.9 weeks to 45.2 weeks. The...
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PMID: 18975321
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (283)43 2008
Abstract
We previously speculated that this domain might be important in binding ligands. To explore the functional importance of the acidic domain, we tested the ability of polyaspartate or polyglutamate peptides to block the binding of ligands to pgsA-745 Chinese hamster ovary cells that overexpress GPIHBP...
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PMID: 18713736
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gynecologic Oncology (110)3 2008
Abstract
The recommended dose of PPX of 135 mg/m(2) with carboplatin (AUC = 6) in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer was feasible for multiple cycles, but hematologic toxicity was greater compared with standard carboplatin and 3-hour paclitaxel....
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PMID: 18597837
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pharmaceutical Research (25)9 2008
Abstract
Pegylation of the polymer bifunctional conjugates reduced non-specific liver uptake and increased tumor uptake, resulting in significant tumor contrast enhancement and high therapeutic efficacy. The pegylated poly(L-glutamic acid) bifunctional conjugate is promising for contrast enhanced MRI guided...
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PMID: 18584312
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Crystallographica Section D (64)Pt 9 2008
Abstract
Protein crystallization has been revolutionized by the introduction of high-throughput technologies, which have led to a speeding up of the process while simultaneously reducing the amount of protein sample necessary. Nonetheless, the chemistry dimension of protein crystallization has remained relat...
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PMID: 18703844
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explored to formulate diphenhydramine (DPH), a very bitter tasting drug, using small molecular weight and carboxyl group containing polymers. Studies showed that DPH interacted with alpha-helical poly(glutamic acid) specifically to produce DPH/poly(glutamic acid) complexes, mostly spherical in sh...
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PMID: 18514496
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biophysical Chemistry (136)2-3 2008
Abstract
The aggregation of two negatively-charged polypeptides, poly-L-glutamic acid (PE) and a copolymer of poly-glutamic acid and poly-alanine (PEA), has been studied at different peptide and salt concentrations and solution pH conditions. The kinetics of aggregation were based on Thioflavin T (ThT) fluor...
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PMID: 18538463
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Physical Chemistry B (112)30 2008
Abstract
Two series of pyrene-labeled poly(glutamic acid) (Py-PGA) were synthesized utilizing two different linkers for pyrene attachment, namely 1-pyrenemethylamine (PMA) and 1-pyrenebutylamine (PBA). Several Py-PGAs were synthesized for each series with pyrene contents ranging from 4 to 15 mol %. Py-PGA fo...
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PMID: 18610962
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEMS Microbiology Letters (285)2 2008
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis serovar Monterrey strain BGSC 4AJ1 produced a microscopically visible capsule that reacted with a fluorescent antibody specific for the poly-gamma-d-glutamic acid (PGA) capsule of Bacillus anthracis. PGA capsule biosynthesis genes with 75%, 81%, 72%, 65% and 63% similarity, re...
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PMID: 18549401
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the deuterium NMR spectra of tridioxyethylenetriphenylene (compound 4) statistically deuterated to 10% in the flexible side chains and dissolved in chiral and achiral lyotropic liquid crystals based on poly(gamma-benzylglutamate). The fast chair-chair flipping of the side chains in 4 on a...
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PMID: 18543909
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effect of chain topology on (i) the peptide secondary structure, (ii) the nanophase self-assembly, and (iii) the local segmental and global peptide relaxations has been studied in a series of model diblock and 3-arm star copolypeptides of poly(epsilon-carbobenzyloxy-L-lysine) (PZLL) and poly(gam...
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PMID: 18564873
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this contribution, the principle of spontaneous surface segregation has been applied for the preparation of polypeptide-functionalized polystyrene microspheres. For that purpose, an amphiphilic diblock copolymer was introduced in the mixture styrene/divinylbenzene and polymerized using AIBN as in...
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PMID: 18517246
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
EMBO Reports (9)7 2008
Abstract
Polyglutamylation is a post-translational modification in which glutamate side chains of variable lengths are formed on the modified protein. It is evolutionarily conserved from protists to mammals and its most prominent substrate is tubulin, the microtubule (MT) building block. Various polyglutamyl...
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PMID: 18566597
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and impaired performance status (PS >or= 2) have limited life expectancies and decreased tolerance for drug-induced toxicities. Current treatment guidelines indicate that PS 2 patients benefit from systemic therapy. Further re...
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PMID: 18594318
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.