Abstract
We review and integrate the current literature on protein and lipid roles in exocytosis, with emphasis on the multiple roles of cholesterol in exocytosis and membrane fusion, in an effort to promote a more molecular systems-level view of the as yet poorly understood process of Ca2+-triggered membran...
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PMID: 19740078
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Abstract
Targeting TM to the endothelium using an scFv anchor enhances its antithrombotic and antiinflammatory effectiveness in models of ALI....
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PMID: 19342415
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The expression of a soluble protein on cell surface is often desirable for study of a functional protein, wide application of a protein or investigation of protein-protein interaction. The expression of a soluble protein on the surface of a cell is often achieved by genetically linking a protein to...
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PMID: 19256334
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Abstract
We have studied the physiological response of the widely used "Walker strains" C41(DE3) and C43(DE3), which are derived from BL21(DE3), to membrane protein overexpression. For unknown reasons, overexpression of many membrane proteins in these strains is hardly toxic, often resulting in high overexpr...
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PMID: 18796603
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Abstract
Successful control of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak, requires a specific and reliable diagnostic tool. A pathovar-specific PCR assay was developed for the rapid and accurate detection of the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola in...
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PMID: 18852502
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Abstract
We first used GITR knock-out (GITR(-/-)) mice to verify whether GITR ligand (GITRL)/GITR system played a pro-inflammatory role in the spinal cord injury (SCI) model. It is noteworthy that less pronounced disease was induced in GITR(-/-) compared with GITR(+/+) mice. We then evaluated the effect of G...
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PMID: 18322000
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Abstract
We established a system for displaying heterologous protein to the C terminus of the peptidoglycan-binding domain (cA domain) of AcmA (a major autolysin from Lactococcus lactis). Western blot and flow cytometric analyses revealed that the fusion proteins (cA-AmyA) of the cA domain and alpha-amylase...
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PMID: 18156338
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Abstract
hSARS-CoV is the causative agent for SARS infection. Its spike glycoprotein (S) is processed by host furin enzyme to produce S1 and S2 fragments, the latter being crucial for fusion with the host membrane. This takes place via formation of a coiled coil 6-helix bundle involving N and C-terminal hept...
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PMID: 18991761
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Abstract
We developed a beta-lactamase reporter system that allowed us to quantify at the single cell level if a host cell internalized a viable or nonviable microorganism. We autodisplayed beta-lactamase on the surface of FA1090 [FA1090Phi(bla-iga')] and demonstrated by confocal fluorescence microscopy and...
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PMID: 18678271
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Abstract
We present an implementation of the TOXCAT membrane protein self-association assay that measures the change in apparent free energy of transmembrane helix dimerization caused by point mutations. Quantifying the reporter gene expression from cells carrying wild-type and mutant constructs shows that s...
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PMID: 17570394
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Abstract
We used targeted mutagenesis to show that charge reversal mutations in Ugo1p PCD2, but not PCD1, disrupt mitochondrial fusion. Ugo1p is reported to be a single-pass transmembrane protein despite the fact that it contains several additional predicted transmembrane segments. Using a combination of pro...
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PMID: 17451553
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Abstract
Sperm are attractive cells. Understanding their physiology has motivated researchers from all over the globe for decades. Initially came the description of sperm's overall shape and properties, together with their genesis and development in the testis. Later, the study of exocytosis...
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PMID: 17644969
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Abstract
We defined structure-toxicity relationships among a series of conjugated type-2 alkenes (1 microM-10mM), which included acrolein and methylvinyl ketone. Results show that exposure of rat striatal synaptosomes to these chemicals produced parallel, concentration-dependent neurotoxic effects that were...
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PMID: 17023561
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Abstract
Anti-tumour BsAb (bi-specific antibody) has been proved very effective in killing tumour cells both in vitro and in vivo. In order to enhance its ability to recruit and activate T-lymphocytes and then improve tumour-specific cytolysis, an anti-ovarian carcinoma/CD3 BsAb, BHL-I, was fused to N-termin...
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PMID: 16836487
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Abstract
Alpha soluble NSF attachment protein (alphaSNAP) is a ubiquitous and indispensable component of membrane fusion machinery. Deletion of alphaSNAP is embryonically lethal. Yet, there is accumulating evidence that milder alterations in expression levels of alphaSNAP may be associated with a number of s...
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PMID: 16981829
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Abstract
Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcomas are uncommon deep soft tissue neoplasms first described by Evans in 1987. They exhibit a deceptively benign appearance, with a whorled or linear arrangement of spindle-shaped cells showing few to absent mitoses. A characteristic, but not specific, feature is the presen...
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PMID: 16948525
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Abstract
These data suggest that bmeB efflux pump overexpression can (i) cause low- to intermediate-level clinically relevant fluoroquinolone resistance; (ii) be coupled with GyrA substitutions to cause high-level fluoroquinolone resistance; (iii) contribute to high-level clinically relevant resistance to be...
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PMID: 16840432
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Abstract
We undertook to assess the immunoreactivity of these proteins in hippocampal slices obtained from rats subjected to either acute (one 6 h session) or chronic (21 days at 6 h per day) of restraint stress. Specifically, we observed a significant increase in synaptobrevin immunoreactivity in the inner...
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PMID: 16757120
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Abstract
We identified the polar region consecutive to the N36 fragment as a stabilizer of trimeric coiled-coil assembly, thereby enhancing inhibitory potency. This tertiary organization is retained in the context of the hydrophobic FP (N70 fragment). Our data indicate that the N70 fragment recapitulates the...
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PMID: 16751188
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Point mutations in the B1 subunit of vacuolar H+ -ATPase are associated with impaired ability of the distal nephron to secrete acid (distal renal tubular acidosis). For testing of the hypothesis that these mutations interfere with assembly and trafficking of the H+ -ATPase, constructs that mimic sev...
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PMID: 16769747
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Abstract
We report on second-site mutations in E1 that rescue the H230A mutant. These mutations were located in a cluster within the hinge region, at the membrane-interacting tip, and within the groove where the E1 stem is believed to pack. Together the revertants reveal specific and interconnected aspects o...
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PMID: 16731950
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Abstract
We previously identified SNAREs SYP121/Syr1 from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and the Arabidopsis thaliana homolog SYP121 associated with abscisic acid and drought stress. Disrupting tobacco SYP121 function by expressing a dominant-negative Sp2 fragment had severe effects on growth, development, and...
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PMID: 16531497
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Abstract
We conclude that the neuronal SNARE complex promotes fusion by joining membranes and that the individual proteins syntaxin and synaptobrevin disrupt membranes so as to favor formation of a stalk complex and to promote conversion of the stalk to a fusion pore. These effects are similar to the effects...
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PMID: 16339880
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously reported a preliminary Calpha trace of the monomeric E1 glycoprotein ectodomain and its organization on the virus particle. We also reported the 3.3 A structure of the trimeric, fusogenic conformation of E1. Here, we report the crystal structure of monomeric E1 refined to 3 A resolutio...
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PMID: 16407067
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Abstract
We have identified the membranotropic regions of the full sequence of the HIV gp41 envelope glycoprotein by performing an exhaustive study of membrane rupture, phospholipid-mixing and fusion induced by two 15-mer gp41-derived peptide libraries from HIV strains HIV_MN and HIV_consensus_B on model mem...
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PMID: 16483537
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Abstract
We summarize present knowledge of fusion machines and fusion pores studied in vitro, in neurons, and in neuroendocrine cells, and synthesize this knowledge into some specific and detailed hypotheses for exocytosis....
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PMID: 16689631
PDF is available here.
Abstract
CmeDEF interacts with CmeABC in conferring antimicrobial resistance and maintaining cell viability in C. jejuni. CmeABC is the predominant efflux pump in C. jejuni, whereas CmeDEF plays a secondary role in conferring intrinsic resistance to antimicrobials....
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PMID: 16303882
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Abstract
We are interested in the physiological role of three enzymes. We report the sequence of cDNA for membrane beta-glucosidase 1, which consists of 3825 nucleotides that includes an open reading frame encoding 1248 amino acids. The molecular weight of membrane beta-glucosidase 1 was calculated to be 131...
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PMID: 16914364
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Abstract
Recently, class II fusion proteins have been identified on the surface of alpha- and flaviviruses. These proteins have two functions besides membrane fusion: they generate an isometric lattice on the viral surface and they form ion-permeable pores at low pH. An attempt was made to identify inhibitor...
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PMID: 16298976
PDF is available here.
Abstract
It is a remarkable age in molecular biology when one can argue that our current understanding of a process is influenced as much by structural studies as it is by genetic and physiological manipulations. This statement is particularly poignant with membrane proteins for which structural knowledge ha...
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PMID: 16433187
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A T578I mutation in MexB compromised the protein's contribution to antimicrobial resistance and negatively impacted its interaction with MexA. Mutations causing single amino acid changes in the C-terminal domain of MexA (R221H, L245F, E254K, and V259I) suppressed the antimicrobial susceptibility of...
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PMID: 16189126
PDF is available here.