Abstract
We report the crystal structures of the semaphorin 6A (Sema6A) receptor-binding fragment and the plexin A2 (PlxnA2) ligand-binding fragment in both their pre-signalling (that is, before binding) and signalling (after complex formation) states. Before binding, the Sema6A ectodomain was in the expecte...
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PMID: 20881961
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified the novel retinal extracellular matrix protein pikachurin, and observed that it is localized in the synaptic cleft of the photoreceptor ribbon synapse. In order to investigate the biological functions of pikachurin, we generated a pikachurin knock-out mouse. These mice showed improper...
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PMID: 21141075
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the clinical and neuropathologic effects of intravenously administered human MSCs (hMSCs) in C57BL/6 mice with EAE. Human MSCs significantly reduced the clinical disease severity, particularly in later disease. Large numbers of hMSCs migrated into gray and white matter at all levels of th...
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PMID: 20940628
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We performed a proteomic study of the human brain after ischemic stroke using a 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis-based proteomic approach. In brain samples from 6 deceased stroke patients and 3 control subjects, there was an average of 1,442 ± 231 protein spots in the gels. Changes of...
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PMID: 20940630
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that keratinocytes express sortilin mRNA, and the presence of sortilin protein is shown in cultured keratinocytes and in normal human skin. We have also shown that the cutaneous neuropeptides substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and galanin are abl...
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PMID: 20613775
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated change in cytochrome oxidase (COx) activity of the hippocampus and related structures of the limbic system following spatial working memory learning in rats after treatment with tacrine (8.0mg/kg). Control groups treated with saline and tacrine and an untreated group were added. Acetylc...
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PMID: 21044529
PDF is available here.
Pascal Maurice,
Avais M Daulat,
Rostislav Turecek,
Klara Ivankova-Susankova,
Francesco Zamponi,
Maud Kamal,
Nathalie Clement,
Jean-Luc Guillaume,
Bernhard Bettler,
Céline Galès,
Philippe Delagrange and
Ralf Jockers
Abstract
We characterized the molecular complex of the melatonin MT₁ receptor, which directly and constitutively couples to G(i) proteins and the regulator of G-protein signalling (RGS) 20. The molecular organization of the ternary MT₁/G(i)/RGS20 complex was monitored in its basal and activated state by...
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PMID: 20859254
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined the role of protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes in modifying TJ protein expression in a rat model of global Hx. The Hx (6% O(2)) induced increased hippocampal and cortical vascular permeability to 4 and 10 kDa dextran fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and endogenous rat-IgG. Cortical microve...
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PMID: 20700133
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine the effect of the β3-subunit on the gating behavior of Na(v)1.3 using whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology in HEK-293 cells. We show that β3 depolarizes the voltage sensitivity of Na(v)1.3 activation and inactivation and induces biphasic components of the inactivation curve. We dete...
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PMID: 20675377
PDF is available here.
Faraaz B Chekeni,
Michael R Elliott,
Joanna K Sandilos,
Scott F Walk,
Jason M Kinchen,
Eduardo R Lazarowski,
Allison J Armstrong,
Silvia Penuela,
Dale W Laird,
Guy S Salvesen,
Brant E Isakson,
Douglas A Bayliss and
Kodi S Ravichandran
Abstract
We identify the plasma membrane channel pannexin 1 (PANX1) as a mediator of find-me signal/nucleotide release from apoptotic cells. Pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-mediated knockdown of PANX1 led to decreased nucleotide release and monocyte recruitment by apoptotic cells. Conversely, PANX1 over...
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PMID: 20944749
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that Arc increases spine density and regulates spine morphology by increasing the proportion of thin spines. Furthermore, Arc specifically reduces surface GluR1 internalization at thin spines, and Arc mutants that fail to facilitate AMPAR endocytosis do not increase the proportion of thin s...
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PMID: 20921410
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified novel targets of HSF1 in mammalian cells, which suppress the aggregation of polyglutamine (polyQ) protein. Among them, we show that one of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) proteins, NFATc2, significantly inhibits polyQ aggregation in cells and is required for HSF1-mediate...
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PMID: 20834230
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results depict the following changes: (1) Acute stress resulted in an increase in serum corticosterone levels that was higher in females; (2) In males, data on corticosterone and body weight gain and in females, data on body weight gain revealed an effect of chronic stress; (3) Both acute and ch...
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PMID: 20638450
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this study, the expression patterns of zif268 and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated gene (arc) were investigated in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and dorsal hippocampal (dHPC) subregions during context-induced drug-seeking following 22 h or 15 d abstinence from cocaine self-administrati...
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PMID: 20654701
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We performed a systematic immunohistochemical study of serial thick sections through brains of seven clinically diagnosed and genetically confirmed SCA3 patients. Using antibodies against ataxin-3, p62, ubiquitin, the polyglutamine marker 1C2 as well as TDP-43, we analyzed neuronal localization, com...
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PMID: 20635090
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also demonstrated the upregulation of endogenous Oct4 and Sox2 after successful reprogramming to pluripotency in rHD-iPSCs, which was not expressed in skin fibroblasts. rHD-iPSCs also developed cellular features comparable to Huntington's disease (HD), including the accumulation of mutant hunting...
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PMID: 20936902
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We attempted to clarify the function of dysbindin-1 in neuronal development. We examined the developmental change of dysbindin-1 in rat brain by western blotting and found that a 50 kDa isoform is highly expressed during the embryonic stage, whereas a 40 kDa one is detected at postnatal day 11 a...
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PMID: 20531346
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is neither a fatal hereditary neurodegenerative disorder without satisfactory treatments nor a cure. It is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene. The clinical symptoms involve motor-, cognitive- and psychiatric disturbances. Recent studies have shown that...
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PMID: 20594177
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss what determines where and when synapses form, how components of the nascent presynaptic terminal accumulate at the site of synapse formation, and whether assembly occurs via an ordered process dependent on a master organizer. Understanding synapse formation in the central nervous system i...
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PMID: 21045242
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied concordant and discordant monozygous twins with de novo mutations in the sodium channel α1 subunit gene (SCN1A) causing Dravet's syndrome, a severe epileptic encephalopathy. On the basis of our findings and the literature on mosaic cases, we conclude that de novo mutations in SCN1A may o...
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PMID: 20879882
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the interaction of anti-Yo antibodies with Purkinje cells in slice (organotypic) cultures of rat cerebellum. We incubated cultures with immunoglobulin G (IgG)-containing anti-Yo antibodies using titers of anti-Yo antibody equivalent to those found in CSF of affected patients. Cultures wer...
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PMID: 20838245
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will briefly discuss the biological features of ASIC3 and summarize recent advances on the role of ASIC3 in the pathogenesis and treatment of arthritis pain....
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PMID: 19885742
PDF is available here.