Abstract
Objectives were to evaluate 3 resynchronization protocols for lactating dairy cows. At 32+/-3 d after pre-enrollment artificial insemination (AI; study d -7), 1 wk before pregnancy diagnosis, cows from 2 farms were enrolled and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 resynchronization protocols after balancing...
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PMID: 20723683
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Abstract
Eighty crossbred beef heifers were randomly allocated to four groups to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination in preventing development of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Group 1 (n=11) was non-vaccinated controls, whereas three groups were vaccinated with commer...
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PMID: 20181385
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Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been shown to be associated with single transferable in vivo-derived bovine embryos despite washing and trypsin treatment. Hence, the primary objective was to evaluate the potential of BVDV to be transmitted via the intrauterine route at the time of embryo tran...
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PMID: 20129656
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Abstract
We expanded our study to include multiple-ovulating cows carrying singletons. Pregnancy was diagnosed and confirmed from Days 28 to 34 and 56 to 62 postinsemination. Sixty-nine (23.5%) of 293 pregnant cows with two corpora lutea carrying singletons and 132 (28.4%) of 464 twin pregnancies recorded on...
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PMID: 19853900
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the anatomo- and histopathological lesions in internal organs of sows and their stillborn piglets after experimental Y. enterocolitica infection in different phases of pregnancy. Twelve pregnant sows were divided into 4 groups, infected per os on 33 (n = 3), 54 (...
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PMID: 21077441
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Abstract
An epidemiological study was carried out to determine the herd prevalence of Chlamydophila abortus and Coxiella burnetii antibodies in goats covered by a milk recording program in Poland. The survey took place in 2007 and 48 herds located in different parts of the country were involved. A representa...
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PMID: 21077448
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Abstract
Since the steady rise in human cases which started in 2007, Q fever has become a major public health problem in the Netherlands with 2,357 human cases notified in the year 2009. Ongoing research confirms that abortion waves on dairy goat farms are the primary source of infection for humans, primaril...
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PMID: 20350500
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Abstract
Nocardia spp. are recognized as a cause of bovine mastitis, cutaneous or subcutaneous abscesses, pneumonia, and disseminated disease. Abortion caused by Nocardia spp. is uncommon, and only a few sporadic cases have been reported in horses, pigs, and cattle. In all previous reports, of nocardial abor...
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PMID: 20093696
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Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) subtype b was isolated from premature Holstein calves from a dairy herd that experienced an outbreak of premature births, late-term abortions, brachygnathism, growth retardation, malformations of the brain and cranium, and rare extracranial skeletal malformatio...
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PMID: 20093701
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Abstract
We present data on AGID and IELISA tests using the B. ovis antigen, RSAT and IELISA using the B. canis antigen and IELISA using the B. abortus RB51 antigen. The cut-off values were adjusted by the ROC analysis; the IELISA-B. ovis cut-off value was 23 (%P) and the IELISA-B. abortus RB51, 24 (%P), wit...
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PMID: 20461292
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Abstract
Various tissues from aborted ruminant foetuses were collected, fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections were made and exposed to a primary monoclonal antibody against the bovine viral diarrhoea/mucosal disease (BVD/MD) virus, and subsequently to a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody c...
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PMID: 20458863
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Abstract
A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study of bovine brucellosis was conducted between September 2005 and March 2006 in three separate agroecological areas of central Oromiya, Ethiopia. In this study, a total of 176 clusters (farms) and 1,238 animals were selected, using the one-stage cluster samp...
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PMID: 20462151
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Abstract
Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a major cause of epidemic abortion, neonatal mortality, respiratory disease and neurological disorders in horses. In South America, the virus has been isolated in Brazil, Argentina and Colombia. In Chile pathological findings from one aborted foetus have been reported...
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PMID: 20462167
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Abstract
These results suggest that brucellosis is enzootic in Croatian populations of wild boar. These populations represent a potential disease reservoir for free-range pig farms, as they do in other countries of Central and Western Europe. This is the first report of B. suis biovar 3 in swine and wild boa...
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PMID: 20462164
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Abstract
C jejuni IA 3902 induced abortion in all 12 animals following IP inoculation and 6 of 10 animals challenged orally. All 3 isolates colonized the intestines after oral inoculation, but only IA 3902 induced abortion. Evidence of infection existed for both IA 3902 and NCTC 11168; however, C jejuni was...
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PMID: 19795942
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Abstract
We investigated the tissue distribution of N. caninum in aborted bovine fetuses and dam blood samples by a nested PCR assay, and compared the nested PCR with ELISA in the diagnosis of N. caninum infection. In total, 26 aborted fetuses and 813 blood samples were collected from 8 dairy herds in Beijin...
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PMID: 19660160
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Abstract
We collected specimens from 53 adult females and 25 calves at least once and from 45 adults and 22 calves more than once. Annual seroconversion rates (negative to positive) were relatively high (23% for calves and juvenile bison, 6% in the total sample of adult female bison in our study, and 11% in...
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PMID: 19617483
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This report deals with the acute onset of an abortion outbreak and high sow mortality in one pig herd consisted of 1,200 pigs and 120 sows on Jeju Island, Korea. Affected pregnant sows showed clinical signs, including high fever, gradual anorexia, vomiting, depression, recumbency, prostration, abort...
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PMID: 19461210
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) is primarily associated with clinical syndromes such as rhinotracheitis, pustular vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis, abortion, infertility, conjunctivitis and encephalitis in bovine species. The main sources of infection are the nasal exudates and the respiratory dropl...
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PMID: 19558751
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We concluded that in this herd, embryo reduction and pregnancy loss during early gestation was greater for lactating Holstein cows diagnosed with twin compared to single pregnancies. In addition, cows diagnosed with ovarian cysts and lacking a CL had an increased risk for double ovulation....
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PMID: 19269023
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chlamydophila abortus is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that causes infectious abortion in sheep (ovine enzootic abortion, OEA) and humans. Infected placentas recovered from sheep that experience OEA have thickened membranes, contain dense inflammatory cellular infi...
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PMID: 19361867
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To establish a PCR diagnostic method based on Nc-5 gene of Neospora caninum, for being used to detect Neospora in brain tissues of bovine aborted fetus.
Specific primers were designed and synthesized based on the reported Nc-5 gene of N. caninum (GenBank Accession No. AY459289). Using genomic DNA fr...
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PMID: 19856504
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Six weeks before mating, the ewes on six hill farms were randomly assigned to receive either a subcutaneous injection of a long-acting supplement containing 50 mg/ml selenium as barium selenate, or no injected selenium. Before the treatment, the mean activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) in the...
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PMID: 19252213
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggested that abortions due to restricted feeding might be brought about by lower nutritive conditions, an imbalance of blood coagulation-related factors and lower blood progesterone concentrations....
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PMID: 19182443
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Neosporosis is considered to be a contributing risk factor for abortions in dairy cows and other farm animals and has negative economic impact on their breeding. In respect of the rapid spread of neosporosis in herds throughout the world, our aim was to detect the prevalence of anti-Neospora antibod...
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PMID: 19019551
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Neospora caninum, a protozoan parasite, has been considered as one of the most important etiological agents responsible for abortion in dairy cattle throughout the world since it was first identified in dogs in 1988. In this report, characteristics of neosporosis, detected in a dairy cow ranch havin...
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PMID: 19028014
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Abstract
Specific PCR primers were designed and a sensitive and specific m-PCR was developed to detect simultaneously, in one tube reaction, three specific fragments of 821, 526 and 687-bp long for Cp. abortus, Cp. pecorum and C. burnetii respectively. This m-PCR assay was performed on 253 clinical samples t...
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PMID: 19570194
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important pathogen that primarily infects ruminants, leading to several clinical problems including abortion. BVDV-specific antibodies were reported in a wide range of hosts within domestic and wildlife animal populations, and serological studies also indicat...
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PMID: 19139516
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mummification of bovine fetuses is an uncommon condition, and cows do not always respond to treatment with prostaglandin F2alpha. The objective of the present retrospective and descriptive case study was to determine the conception rate and survival time of nonresponsive, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2...
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PMID: 19337617
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Effective measures for protection of laboratory staff against infections due to experiments with pathogens are a challenge for safeguarding against hazards. Investigations on limited epidemic infections and their causes are of high relevance. During an experiment with pregnant sheep 5 of 7 persons w...
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PMID: 19226931
PDF is available here.
Tracey Goldstein,
Tanja S Zabka,
Robert L Delong,
Elizabeth A Wheeler,
Gina Ylitalo,
Sibel Bargu,
Mary Silver,
Tod Leighfield,
Frances Van Dolah,
Gregg Langlois,
Inga Sidor,
J Lawrence Dunn and
Frances M D Gulland
Abstract
Domoic acid is a glutaminergic neurotoxin produced by marine algae such as Pseudo-nitzschia australis. California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) ingest the toxin when foraging on planktivorous fish. Adult females comprise 60% of stranded animals admitted for rehabilitation due to acute domoic ac...
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PMID: 19204339
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease of nearly worldwide distribution. The occurrence of the infection in humans is largely dependent on the prevalence of brucellosis in animal reservoirs, including wildlife. The current vaccine used for cattle Brucella abortus strain RB51, has proven ineffe...
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PMID: 19204345
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper describes the isolation and characterisation of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) in Colombia. The virus was isolated from a nasal swab and an aborted foetus of a pregnant mare imported from Argentina, with clinical signs of rhinopneumonitis. The new strain was characterised through culture an...
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PMID: 19284057
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Between 2002 and 2007, 75 strains of Brucella abortus were isolated from aborted bovine fetuses collected from several regions of Turkey. The isolates were all identified as B abortus biovar 3 by conventional methods. However, when they were analysed by enhanced amos-ery pcr, a 5.4 kb deletion, diff...
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PMID: 19043091
PDF is available here.
Abstract
On a dairy farm the herdsman got a pustular dermatitis and in the herd in a year several abortions occurred, the somatic cell count of the bulk milk increased and the fertility results decreased. The cause appeared to be an infection in both the herdsman and the herd with Staphylococcus aureus type...
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PMID: 19058738
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Calving records of Holstein dairy cows from April 1998 to September 2006 comprising 16 herds with 104,572 calving events representing 4,045 twin births were used to evaluate reported twinning rate, calf sex ratio, stillbirth, and abortion rates in single and twin births. Overall, the reported twinni...
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PMID: 18946124
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Forty-two ewes had an intravenous catheter sewn in place in a prepared area over the jugular vein and beginning at 60 days of gestation received an infusion 3 times daily. The infusion consisted of sterile saline or sterile saline containing arginine. Twenty-six ewes in both control and treatment gr...
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PMID: 18984790
PDF is available here.
Abstract
From 1.1.2013 EU legislation will permit stall-housing of dry sows for only 4 weeks post-service. Stalls are associated with compromised animal welfare, but group housing comes with risks from social confrontations. Studies on housing effects on fertility have produced contradictory results as syste...
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PMID: 18384500
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We postulated that 1 of 3 tissues in 40-120 D pregnant mares was the likely primary target of the noxious factor that caused early abortions: The corpora lutea (CL), the endometrium or the fetus and/or its membranes. At this stage of gestation, progesterone (P4) is solely produced by luteal tissue,...
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PMID: 18363606
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the role of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infections in spontaneous bovine abortions in Argentina. Based on histopathological results, 70 presumptive cases of apicomplexan protozoal abortion from a total of 666 cases of spontaneous bovine abortion...
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PMID: 18691819
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results have also emphasized that novel routes of transmission should be considered for C. trachomatis infections....
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PMID: 19149081
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed methylation patterns of the 5' regions of four DNMT genes including Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, Dnmt1 and Dnmt2 in four aborted bovine clones. Using bisulfite sequencing method, we found that 3 out of 4 aborted bovine clones (AF1, AF2 and AF3) showed either hypermethylation or hypomethylation in the...
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PMID: 18804075
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cases of equine abortion and perinatal foal losses were investigated in Hungary during a three-year period (1998-2000). Samples from aborted equine fetuses and newborn foals (total n = 96) were examined using bacteriological, virological, pathological, immunohistochemical (IHC), molecular biological...
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PMID: 18828487
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An epidemic of early fetal loss (EFL), late fetal loss (LFL), fibrinous pericarditis, and unilateral uveitis which occurred during the spring of 2001, are together now known as the mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS). A similar epidemic with less intensity was reported during the same period of t...
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PMID: 18725479
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine the surveillance strategies currently in place for early detection of infected cattle in the event of a future reintroduction of the disease. We compared current serological surveillance for the dairy population with bulk-milk surveillance and abortion surveillance, and used time to detec...
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PMID: 18440660
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of non-pregnancy and prompt re-enlistment of "non-pregnant" cattle into an appropriate breeding protocol are essential components of successful reproductive programs. Various methods aimed at improving detection of pregnancy and identification of non-pregnant cows earlier and more...
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PMID: 18513789
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarize bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and viral causes of reproductive dysgenesis in cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, and cats. The clinical presentations of disease due to reproductive pathogens are emphasized, with a focus on assisting development of com...
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PMID: 18502494
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Several bacterial species have been implicated in canine and feline pregnancy loss. Brucella canis is one of the more important bacterial infectious agents that cause pregnancy loss in the bitch. Brucella has been documented in the queen but in general infectious abortion from bacteria and protozoal...
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PMID: 18495236
PDF is available here.