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Hoof and Claw (0):
Recent article
Hoof and Claw
Veterinary Record (168)23 2011
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the amounts of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), WSC constituents and protein leached from a range of UK hays soaked according to common practice. Initial hay WSC content ranged from 123 to 230 g/kg dry matter (DM). Soaking the hays for up to 16...
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PMID: 21652661
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
It has been suggested that the heel of the horse's hoof expands in the stance phase and this reduces the concussion at impact and helps pump blood into the hoof. Therefore, farriers usually leave a gap in the heel region when using the traditional nailed shoe. Recently glued shoes which are attached...
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PMID: 21059041
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)10 2010
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a model for a routine genetic evaluation of claw health traits and to develop an index including data on claw health and conformation traits. Claw health data comprised observations on 40,536 dairy cows of claw traits recorded by claw trimmers. Claw health tr...
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PMID: 20855023
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two different endophytic strains, ESRAA1997 and ALAA2000, were isolated from the Egyptian herbal plant Anastatica hierochuntica. The 2 strains produced alkaline serine protease and were identified based on their phenotypic and chemotypic characteristics as different strains of Micromonospora spp. Bo...
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PMID: 20921985
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)9 2010
Abstract
These results indicate that a combination of feeding and standing behavior during the transition can serve as early indicators of claw horn lesions in mid lactation.
Copyright (c) 2010 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20723672
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)9 2010
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of claw horn disruption lesions (CHDL; sole ulcers and white line disease) and body condition score (BCS) at dry-off on survivability, milk production, and reproductive performance during the subsequent lactation. An observational prospective c...
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PMID: 20723681
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)8 2010
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the relative efficacy of a novel, commercially available disinfectant agent (T-Hexx Dragonhyde HBC, Hydromer, Branchburg, NJ) compared with formalin and copper sulfate. The hypothesis was 2 sided; therefore, the hypothesis was that the new agent would be better or worse...
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PMID: 20655432
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We measured concentrations of neutrophil elastase, a serine protease released from the azurophilic granules of neutrophils, in plasma, skin and laminar tissues obtained from control horses and horses given black walnut heartwood extract (BWHE) to induce laminitis. Healthy horses (5-15 years old) wer...
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PMID: 19939463
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effects of orally administered biotin supplementation on the growth of claw horn in young, clinically healthy cattle were analyzed. Twelve, 1-year-old Girolando cattle were randomly assigned to receive either 12.5 mg of diluted powdered biotin (GI) or a control treatment (GII) for 40 consecutive...
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PMID: 20808571
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This retrospective study investigated the factors associated with a poor outcome (death by euthanasia or from other causes) in horses treated for laminitis at a tertiary care hospital. Cases (n = 247) were defined as patients with laminitis that were euthanized or that died of other causes during ho...
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PMID: 20808574
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine (95)1-2 2010
Abstract
Diseases to the cow's hoof, interdigital skin and legs are highly prevalent and of large economic impact in modern dairy farming. In order to support farmer's decisions on preventing and treating lameness and its underlying causes, decision support models can be used to predict the economic profitab...
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PMID: 20371126
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The following case report describes a selenium toxicosis in a pig-fattening farm of two finisher groups. The diseased animals partly showed ataxia and paresis or intense lameness in connection with band-like ablation of the epidermis at the coronary band. Some of them suffered from alopecia. Foot-an...
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PMID: 20464684
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Oral administration of domperidone at 1.1 mg/kg and 5.5 mg/kg significantly increased LMBF, compared with baseline values, beginning 4 hours after administration, and this effect persisted for at least 8 hours. Intravenous administration of domperidone at 0.2 mg/kg significantly increased LMBF, comp...
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PMID: 20187829
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (138)3 2010
Abstract
We found several cases that were remote from the main focus. One case had an unusual mode of transmission. A hunter acquired tularemia through a nail scratch from a buzzard (Buteo buteo) and consequently developed a typical ulceroglandular form of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by serologi...
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PMID: 19664305
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plasma PGF(2 alpha) concentrations increased in horses given BWHE; the WBC count decreased concurrently. In control horses, PGF(2 alpha) was a potent contractile agonist for laminar veins but not for laminar arteries. In horses given BWHE, PGF(2 alpha) was similarly selective for laminar veins; howe...
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PMID: 20113226
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Journal of Dairy Science (93)1 2010
Abstract
Weakening of the suspensory tissue supporting the pedal bone is the central issue in the theory of acute bovine laminitis, but this aspect has never been tested. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of laminitis on the suspensory tissue. The hypothesis was that clinical and hist...
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PMID: 20059904
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The term 'thin soles' refers to the suboptimal thickness of the weight-bearing surface of claws in ruminants. These palmar/plantar surfaces of the claws support the weight of the animal and consist of the distal wall horn, the sole proper, the heel and the minute white line area. The sole should nor...
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PMID: 20458867
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A five year-old bull moose (Alces alces) was culled due to chronic hoof overgrowth that required frequent intervention. Radiographic examination revealed changes in phalangeal bone structure usually considered indicative for laminitis in domestic cattle; similar changes were absent in the hooves of...
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PMID: 19885800
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Fatty acid and proximate compositions of the body and claw of male and female blue crabs from Akyatan Lagoon and Hurma strait were investigated. Male blue crab meat had a higher protein and fat content, and lower moisture and ash content, than that of the female from Akyatan Lagoon. Moreover, there w...
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The synthetic surface often had the lowest peak accelerations, mean vibration, and peak GRFs. Peak acceleration during hoof landing was significantly smaller for the synthetic surface (mean + or - SE, 28.5g + or - 2.9g) than for the turf surface (42.9g + or - 3.8g). Hoof vibrations during hoof landi...
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PMID: 19795936
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A total of 155 genes were up-regulated in the laminitis group. No genes were down-regulated. Genes coding for the production of pro-inflammatory biochemical or cellular processes and those involved in protein degradation/turnover predominated. Several regulatory or anti-inflammatory genes were also...
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PMID: 19380162
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Prolonged hyperinsulinaemia causes unique lamellar lesions normally characteristic of acute and chronic laminitis. Lamellar proliferation may be an insulin effect through its mitogenic pathway. Aberrant lamellar mitosis may lengthen and weaken the lamellar, distal phalanx attachment apparatus and co...
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PMID: 19927586
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
We have investigated the expression of genes coding for proteins containing a Disintegrin and Metalloprotease domain (ADAM), as well as genes encoding the natural inhibitors of these enzymes (tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease; TIMP) in horses with naturally-acquired (acute, chronic and aggravated...
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PMID: 19131116
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE- To determine clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings for dogs with wart-like lesions involving the paw pads. DESIGN- Retrospective case series. ANIMALS- 24 dogs (18 Greyhounds and 6 dogs of other breeds). PROCEDURES- Medical records were reviewed for information on signalme...
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PMID: 19527129
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Laminar and skin biopsies yielded adequate specimens for histologic and gene expression evaluation. There was no extension of inflammation or detectable damage to adjacent tissues during the 24-hour period in either laminar or skin specimens as judged via histologic findings and cyclooxygenase-2 exp...
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PMID: 19496657
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We find that the spoon-like tips of the chelipeds (large claws) of the crab Pachygrapsus crassipes differ from the rest of the claw in that they are not calcified, but instead contain about 1% bromine--thus they represent a new example of a class of structural biological materials that contain heavy...
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PMID: 19422071
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde (134)11 2009
Abstract
Abstract
3 of 8 horses in group A and all 4 horses in group B developed laminitis. Significant treatment-time effects were detected for resting plasma glucose concentrations and AUCg. Among horses in group A, mean AUCg values at 24 and 48 hours were 34% and 32% higher, respectively, than the mean value at 24...
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PMID: 19405902
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
During hemoperfusion of the isolated forelimbs, mean +/- SD glucose consumption was 197.4 +/- 65.1 mg/h, lactate generation was 1.84 +/- 0.79 mmol/h, and oxygen consumption was 6.4 x 10(-6) +/- 8.9 x 10(-5) mL.g(-1).min(-1). Neither an efflux of potassium into the perfusate nor a relevant increase o...
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PMID: 19405908
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results indicated that cows with DD suffer from stress and reduced number of T and B cells. Treatment of DD with both hoof trimming and 2% lincomycin liquid spray was effective for reducing the stress and bringing the immune cell number back to the normal range....
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PMID: 19420839
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The following case report describes the treatment of canker in a 14 years old warmblood gelding. The horse showed the typical appearance with caseous surface and early detachment of the superficial horn layers. The histological results show a severe degradation in the germinal layer of the epidermis...
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PMID: 19333903
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
MRI was conducted on 23 horses with lameness localized to the foot. Thirteen horses had bilateral forelimb lameness, and 10 had unilateral forelimb lameness. Mean duration of lameness was 10.5 months. Seventeen of 23 (74%) horses had excellent outcomes and returned to intended use within 2 to 4 week...
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PMID: 19335243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Blood, saliva, and nail samples were collected from 54 dogs and 151 cats and analyzed for the presence of Bartonella henselae with a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Bartonella (B.) henselae was detected in feral cat blood (41.8%), saliva (44.1%), and nail (42.7%) samples. B. hen...
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PMID: 19255530
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The dairy practitioner can make an important contribution to animal welfare by preventing and treating painful claw disorders. Two relatively new claw disorders have been observed in Dutch dairy herds, namely, toe ulceration and non-healing white line disorder. This article provides an update of kno...
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PMID: 19331066
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (164)8 2009
Abstract
Abstract
The morphology of the PEL, SEL, and tips of PEL was classified into 3, 5, and 3 patterns, respectively. Differences in the predominant type of SEL depended on their location with respect to the laminar interface. In SEL attached to the sides of PEL, the basal cells were immunoreactive to CK14 and CK...
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PMID: 19231949
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Predisposition to uneven feet can be reduced by selection. Because of weak genetic correlations, the increased prevalence is not directly associated with selection for better sports performance or higher conformation grade. If the trait 'uneven feet' arises from a disproportionate relationship betwe...
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PMID: 19418741
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Limb conformation and, in particular, the conformation of the distal limb, are important for duration of competitive life. From the prevalence of uneven feet in sports disciplines, it may be concluded that this is an undesirable trait, particularly at the elite level of jumping, since uneven feet ha...
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PMID: 19418742
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine if there were differences in Cr, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni levels in coat hair and hoof horn between Polish Konik horses maintained in stabled and reserve systems in Roztocze National Park in Poland. Summer and winter feeding seasons (seasons of the year in ca...
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PMID: 19886259
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (91)12 2008
Abstract
Digital dermatitis is a serious problem in dairy production in many countries. In many settings, it is important to evaluate the digital dermatitis status of individual cows or an entire dairy herd. Such an evaluation has traditionally been done in a hoof trimming chute. An evaluation in the milking...
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PMID: 19038944
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Animal Science (86)11 2008
Abstract
I collagen. Sow lying behavior was recorded for 3 d after farrowing. Farrowing data included litter weight and size at birth and weaning, and preweaning mortality. After weaning, 38 sows were slaughtered and muscles and the bones of the left fore- and hind-limbs were harvested. Bone density and qual...
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PMID: 18567722
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Animal Science (86)11 2008
Abstract
A total of 1,257 gilts were used to determine the effect of space allowance during rearing and age at puberty on total pigs produced and removal rate over 3 parities. There were 2 treatments. In treatment 1, gilts were given a space allowance of 1.13 m(2)/gilt (15 gilts per pen), and in treatment 2,...
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PMID: 18567731
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Claw diseases in cattle are common under field conditions. Sole ulcer, sole abscess, foot-rot, digital dermatitis, and interdigital dermatitis are frequently diagnosed and treated by owners, foot trimmers, and veterinarians. Most digital surgical conditions are manageable in field conditions; howeve...
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PMID: 18929960
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Excellent precision was identified within and between operators regardless of image origin. High levels of accuracy were also identified, especially for heel height/toe height% and coronary band angle, indicating that photography and radiography may be used interchangeably. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Acqu...
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PMID: 19165930
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (91)10 2008
Abstract
The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine herd-level and cow-level prevalence estimates for 11 foot lesions in Ontario dairy cattle. Foot lesions were recorded by 5 hoof trimmers on 13,530 cows in 204 Ontario dairy herds from March 2004 to May 2005. Significant differences exist...
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PMID: 18832211
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (163)11 2008
Abstract
Abstract
Eleven juvenile Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) were evaluated radiographically to determine the relative times of growth plate closure and phalangeal ossification in the bones of the distal forelimb. Specifically, the first, second, and third phalanges of the third digit (D3) were evaluated, as w...
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PMID: 18816993
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigate whether the input to this "claw area" arises from dorsal thalamic neurons that, in turn, receive their somatosensory input from the gracile nucleus. After injections of biotinylated dextran amine into the gracile nucleus and cholera toxin B chain into the claw area, terminations from...
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PMID: 18461603
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Poultry Science (87)7 2008
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the influence of microwave toe treatment and an increasing photoperiod on stress and fear levels in broiler chickens. Upon delivery from the hatchery, the toe tips of 364 male and 364 female broilers were exposed to microwave energy to restrict claw gro...
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PMID: 18577602
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (91)7 2008
Abstract
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that lameness incidence in lactating dairy cows decreases milk production compared with controls and to determine the best method of the 5 combinations of 2 study designs (retrospective cohort and retrospective matched cohort) and 3 repeated mea...
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PMID: 18565924
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry detected MMP-14 in the cytoplasm of normal lamellar basal and parabasal cells in close proximity to the lamellar basement membrane. In laminitis affected tissue MMP-14 immunostaining was depleted in lamellar basal cells. Quantitative real-time PCR showed MMP-14 and TIMP-2 expres...
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PMID: 18178538
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Both ETA and ETB receptors are involved in the net tonic response to ET-1 in normal laminar veins. A population of ETB receptors may be present on the vascular endothelium and on smooth muscle of laminar veins, and the action of ET-1 at these 2 sites is likely to be approximately equal and opposite....
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PMID: 18487099
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Laminar morphology, hoof capsule shape and correlations between them differ between Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds. These results support the concept that remodelling of PEL is, at least in part, stimulated and directed by varying stress or strain levels in the laminar junction. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE...
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PMID: 18487104
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (162)26 2008
Abstract
Preventive Veterinary Medicine (85)1-2 2008
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was performed, to (re)evaluate the prevalence of sole ulcers (SUs) and the risk factors involved in dairy herds that perform claw trimming on a routine base. Twenty hoof trimmers collected data on the presence or absence of claw disorders on the hind claws of dairy cows durin...
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PMID: 18313157
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (162)23 2008
Abstract