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Metrial Gland (0):
Recent article
Metrial Gland
Abstract
We studied the effects of beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) and perforin on proliferation and differentiation of uNK cells in pregnancy, using beta(2)-microglobulin-deficient (beta(2)m(-/-)) mice and perforin-deficient (P(-/-)) mice. The cell population of uNK cells in the metrial gland of P(-/-) mic...
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PMID: 19262044
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The canine endometrium is frequently affected by severe alterations with unclear pathogenesis and is, therefore, an important subject of research in veterinary gynecology. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish a three-dimensional in vitro system of the canine endometrium suitable for expe...
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PMID: 19037706
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that rat GMG cells might be a guide for placental angiogenesis and they might share a role with leucocytes in pathological conditions....
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PMID: 17257520
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that the activity of rat GMG cells and peripheral NK cells might be influenced by the beige gene, which is involved in reproductive performance....
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PMID: 16210783
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To clarify the roles of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in implantation and parturition, differentiation and elimination of uNK cells in the pregnant uterus was examined using artificial delayed implantation (DI) and delayed parturition (DP) mice. To prepare DI mice, pregnant mice were ovariectom...
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PMID: 16127246
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Natural killer and natural suppressor activities of the rat endometrial granulated cells were assayed on day 13 of pregnancy or pseudopregnancy. Metrial gland granulated cells were used as endometrial granulated cells. The natural killer activities of metrial gland granulated cells and other cells w...
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PMID: 15807434
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Journal of Endocrinology (179)3 2003
Abstract
We have identified a new member of the rat PRL family through a search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information expressed sequence database. The cDNA was sequenced and its corresponding mRNA characterized. On the basis of existing nomenclature, the rat cDNA was termed PRL-like protein-N...
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PMID: 14656203
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Anatomy and Embryology (207)1 2003
Abstract
We have examined specimens from day 150 of pregnancy to term. Morphological investigations using light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, the histochemical localization of iron, alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, and the immunodetection of placental lactogen hormone were performed....
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PMID: 12802689
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conducted quantitative and immunohistochemical analyses in normal and immuno-modulator-treated mice. Under a light microscope, GMG cells were identified by red cytoplasmic granules in periodic-acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained sections. They progressively increased in number and size with the peak at day...
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PMID: 12567399
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The elevated concentration of CRP in sows at the early stage of the MMA reflected the inflammation in the reproductive tract and in the mammary gland. Monitoring the level of CRP during the first days after parturition may be used to diagnose early stages of the MMA and to start therapy. In the trea...
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PMID: 14703866
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Journal of Anatomy (197 Pt 3)3 2000
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells differentiate in the uterine wall in pregnancy in mice but the mechanisms which control their differentiation and maintenance are unknown. In vivo, GMG cells share an intimate association with fibroblast-like stromal cells. The importance of this association has...
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PMID: 11117633
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell and Tissue Research (300)2 2000
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are a characteristic uterine component belonging to a natural killer cell lineage. This study is aimed at revealing their kinetic and spatial relationship with vascular growth during pregnancy and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). GMG c...
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PMID: 10867823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Lipids are important cell components, both from the structural and the functional point of view. Besides, they intervene in transporting functions, cell recognition and immunity. Essential Fatty Acids (EFA) are important for the functional and structural maintenance of animal organisms. In our labor...
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PMID: 12934235
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In rats, dams that conceive in their postpartum oestrus and then lose their firstborn litter bias the sex ratio of the litter toward females in utero. The present study identifies the source of litter sex ratio bias in these postpartum pregnant non-lactating dams. The female bias arises first throug...
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PMID: 10690209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined histologically and histochemically how and when uNK cells undergo cell death. The uNK cells in the metrial gland increased in number and reached maximum until day 12 of pregnancy. Sudden disappearance, however, occurred after day 15 and the granules reduced in both number and size. In si...
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PMID: 10563285
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An antibody to TNF-alpha reduced the level of cytotoxic activity. IL-3 had no effect on the level of cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION: Mouse granulated metrial gland cells kill using a TNF-alpha mediated mechanism which is independent of IL-3 stimulation....
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PMID: 10392231
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cytotoxic cells are present in the uterine wall of pregnant rats. To determine if the cytotoxic activity arises in response to semen or the products of conception, the profile of cytotoxic activity in deciduomata of pseudopregnant rats was examined. To examine NK activity, Yac-1 cells were used as t...
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PMID: 10234547
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The reduction in cytotoxicity in the presence of serum indicates that there are factors in the blood which are inhibitory to granulated metrial gland cell cytotoxic activity in vivo. The resistance of mouse metrial gland cells to asialo-GM1 antibody depletion is supportive of a natural cytotoxic (NC...
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PMID: 10374706
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Journal of Anatomy (194 ( Pt 2)) 1999
Abstract
The morphology and distribution of granulated metrial gland cells and of interstitial trophoblast cells in the uterine wall was studied in the first half of pregnancy in the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus. The morphology and distribution of granulated metrial gland cells was generally similar to...
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PMID: 10337962
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined the mode of cell death in the gland during the last week of gestation. We identified apoptotic cells in the regressing metrial gland by using DNA fragmentation, in situ DNA 3'-end labeling, and electron microscopy. Expression of progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER) was a...
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PMID: 9811214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland cells, also known as uterine natural killer cells or large granular lymphocytes, are pregnancy associated leucocytes of granular phenotype. They are well characterised in mice and humans in terms of their structure, origin and distribution although the function of these cell...
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PMID: 9881741
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Immunology (161)6 1998
Abstract
We demonstrate that granzymes D, E, F, and G (granzymes D-G) are also expressed in GMG cells but at a later stage in pregnancy when compared with granzyme A expression. Whereas granzyme A is expressed in early to mid-gestation, the expression of granzymes D-G peak in mid- to late gestation. In addit...
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PMID: 9743335
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (81)6 1998
Abstract
Holstein cows (n = 51) that had been diagnosed with toxic puerperal metritis were used to determine the treatment efficacy of various antibiotics. On the day of diagnosis, cows affected with toxic puerperal metritis were assigned randomly to three treatment groups. Cows in groups 1 and 2 received 22...
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PMID: 9684161
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme activity is present in rat decidua and metrial gland, and the activity decreases near the end of pregnancy. In this study, inducible and endothelial NOS isoforms were immunolocalized to rat granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells using anti-NOS antibodies proven to be...
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PMID: 9481786
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
During pregnancy, a population of uterine NK cells, commonly called granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells, differentiates in the uterus of both immune competent and various immunodeficient mice. Regulatory mechanisms controlling the differentiation of GMG cells are not fully known. It has been proven...
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PMID: 9450244
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biology of Reproduction (57)4 1997
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a potent and versatile free radical, is synthesized in leukocytes by the inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS). In this study, leukocytes in pregnant mouse uterus were investigated for expression of the iNOS gene. Inducible NOS mRNA, which was identified by reverse transcriptase po...
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PMID: 9314587
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are estrogen-receptor and Interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor positive lymphocytes of the Natural Killer cell lineage found in the murine uterus during pregnancy. Functional studies of these cells, which are now more frequently called uterine NK (uNK) cells, have been...
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PMID: 9080386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Toxicologic Pathology (25)3 1997
Abstract
These results show that EG cells are morphologically similar to GMG cells, suggesting a possibility that EG cells are GMG cells. EG cells were without neoplastic properties or pronounced cell-proliferative activity. In Case 1, histological changes of the ovaries and vagina were indicative of a pseud...
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PMID: 9210264
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
The Histochemical Journal (29)11-12 1997
Abstract
A lectin histochemical study has been carried out on mouse granulated metrial gland cells, the major leucocyte population that differentiates in the uterine wall in pregnancy. The binding characteristics of 26 lectins were examined using light microscopical methods. Fourteen of the lectins, with aff...
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PMID: 9466156
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Uterine mast cells show activation as reflected by degranulation after stress exposure of pregnant mice and mast cells might be the cellular link between the neurotransmitter substance P and increase in decidual TNF-alpha release that leads to abortion....
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PMID: 9138459
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland cells are cytotoxic cells found in the uterine wall in pregnancy. In this study, the involvement of the cytoplasmic granules of mouse granulated metrial gland cells during cytolysis of fibrosarcoma Wehi 164 cells was investigated in vitro. Using the lectin Helix pomatia aggl...
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PMID: 9250711
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have demonstrated in the present study that IL-15 and its cognate receptor, but not the other cytokines, are expressed in the mouse pregnant uterus, with a time course concomitant with those of cytolytic mediators in differentiated GMG cells. Moreover, IL-15, though not IL-2, is capable of induci...
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PMID: 8976195
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cell suspensions prepared from the metrial glands of rats killed on days 10, 13 and 20 of pregnancy and mice killed on day 12 of pregnancy were assessed for their ability to kill natural cytotoxic cell target Wehi 164 cells in a 51chromium-release cytotoxicity assay. High cytotoxicity indices were f...
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PMID: 8845034
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are a feature consistently associated with rodent pregnancy. Little information is available, however, on the life history of GMG cells in pregnancies other than first pregnancy. To determine if the frequency of GMG cells in the mesometrial triangle of mice is al...
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PMID: 8899882
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
GMG cells are transient, histamine-negative cells found in the pregnant uteri of most mice. Pregnancies in the NK and T-cell-deficient tgE26 were characterized by infrequent GMG cells, very small placentae, and an elevated rate of fetal and perinatal mortality. In term placentae of mi/mi with dystoc...
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PMID: 8792932
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Anatomy (188 ( Pt 1)) 1996
Abstract
I (GS-I), Maclura pomifera (MPA) and Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA-E and PHA-L). Reactivity with some of these lectins was also pericellular and the glycoconjugate residues detected may be related to extracelluar matrix produced by decidual cells. Reactivity with PHA-E, demonstrating complex carbohydrates...
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PMID: 8655407
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) activity of cells in rat metrial glands at days 13 and 20 of pregnancy has been examined. A 51chromium-release cytotoxicity assay was carried out using Yac-1 cells and P815 cells as targets in the presence of the corresponding, heat inactivated rat antibo...
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PMID: 8560192
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tumor Biology (17)1 1996
Abstract
A possible relationship between the development of granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells and trophoblast was studied. Trophoblast implanted in ectopic sites (e.g. kidney capsule) did not induce decidua and did not recruit GMG cells. Only when injected in utero did trophoblast lead to the development...
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PMID: 7501968
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the function of perforin in the pregnant uterus by using perforin-deficient mice. Perforin-deficient female mice were found to reproduce as efficiently as normal control females when bred either with syngeneic or allogeneic males. However, perforin-deficient mice differed from normal mi...
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PMID: 8566021
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Experimental Animals (44)3 1995
Abstract
It has been reported that the metrial glands, which form yellowish-white masses on the mesometrial triangle after pregnancy, coincide with the number of implants in the rat. In this study, the migration of the metrial gland cells (MGC) from the metrial glands to the endometrium after placental desqu...
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PMID: 7556430
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Anatomy (186 ( Pt 2)) 1995
Abstract
The differentiation of the decidua and the fetal placenta in the woodmouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, was studied with particular attention to the differentiation and migration of granulated metrial gland cells. Numerous granulated metrial gland cells, characterised by their glycoprotein-containing cytop...
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PMID: 7649841
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are a natural killer (NK) cell-like population present in large numbers in the pregnant rodent uterus. By day 8 of gestation GMG cells are large and granulated and localized to the mesometrial side of each implantation site. GMG cells appear to be highly migrator...
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PMID: 7537824
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are morphologically distinctive lymphoid cells found in the murine uterus only during gestation. The life history of GMG cells suggests that they have important roles during mammalian gestation but these roles have been difficult to define. Genetic and immunologi...
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PMID: 7884744
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Seven independent cell lines were derived from the fusion of migratory cells recovered from explant cultures of metrial glands to SP 2/0, a non-Ig secreting B cell myeloma. The migrating cells came from a pool of metrial glands from day 6-8 pregnant random bred CD1 mice and were assumed to be cells...
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PMID: 7807468
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Rat monoclonal antibodies with reactivity directed against mouse GMG cells have been produced. One of the antibodies (GMG-1) reacts with a surface antigen of GMG cells and cross-reacts with T lymphocytes. Another (GMG-2) reacts with an intracellular antigen in GMG cells and with asialo-GM1 positive...
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PMID: 8207261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
NK cell activity has been detected in the early murine decidua, and hypothesized to be mediated by granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells. The possibility that natural cytotoxic (NC) cells are also present in the decidua has not been investigated. In this study mAb to NK cells (anti-NK-1.1) and NC cel...
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PMID: 8200690
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
As the early rat decidua is believed to fulfil functions other than the late or basal decidua, the question as to whether this difference is reflected in decidual cell metabolism was investigated. Using cryosections of pregnant rat uteri of the 10th, 15th and 21st gestational day, activities of oxyr...
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PMID: 8206791
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Anatomy (184 ( Pt 1)) 1994
Abstract
Mouse granulated metrial gland cells were cocultured with labyrinthine placental cells and cell-cell contacts examined by scanning electron microscopy. Intimate contacts between granulated metrial gland cells and placental cells were observed and in some of these, differences in the surface morpholo...
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PMID: 8157486
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The relationship of rodent granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells to the natural killer (NK) cell lineage is reviewed. The antigenic profile of GMG cells provides insufficient evidence to indicate that these cells form part of the NK cell lineage. No good evidence is found that GMG cells are cytotoxic...
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PMID: 8040833
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tissue & Cell (25)6 1993
Abstract
Mouse metrial gland explants were cultured for periods of up to 7 days. Granulated metrial gland cells migrated from the explants onto the culture dish substratum with a peak in numbers of emigrant cells usually found after 1-3 days of culture. Histological examination of the cultured explants showe...
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PMID: 8140580
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cell suspensions of rat metrial gland tissue, containing healthy granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells, were assessed for their ability to lyse natural killer (NK) cell target Yac-1 myeloma cells in a [51Cr]-release cytotoxicity assay. Cytotoxicity indices were found to be low even after in vivo stim...
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PMID: 8410815
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mouse metrial gland cell suspensions, which included granulated metrial gland cells, were assessed for their ability to lyse NK cell target Yac-1 myeloma cells in a 51chromium release cytotoxicity assay. Metrial gland cells did not kill Yac-1 cells even after in vivo stimulation of NK cytotoxicity a...
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PMID: 8229994
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The metrial gland develops in the uterus of many rodent species during normal pregnancy. It is a maternally-derived tissue that contains stromal and vascular elements plus a population of large cells, striking in their light microscopic appearance due to the presence of numerous cytoplasmic granules...
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PMID: 8400420
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.