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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Mushroom Bodies (0):
Recent article
Mushroom Bodies
Abstract
We continue to characterize the AmOA1 receptor by investigating its distribution in the honey bee brain. We used two independent antibodies produced against two distinct peptides in the carboxyl-terminus to study the distribution of the AmOA1 receptor in the honey bee brain. We found that both anti-...
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PMID: 21267078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We report the cloning of a cDNA from the honeybee (Am5-ht1A) sharing high similarity with members of the 5-HT(1) receptor class. Activation of Am5-HT(1A) by serotonin inhibited the production of cAMP in a dose-dependent manner (EC(50) = 16.9 nM). Am5-HT(1A) was highly expressed in brain regions know...
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PMID: 20349263
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We study the implications of this transformation for the generation of LHN and KC responses under the hypothesis that LHN responses are highly selective and therefore suitable for driving innate behaviors, whereas KCs provide a more general sparse representation of odors suitable for forming learned...
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PMID: 20498080
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)23 2010
Abstract
We inhibited the expression of the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor in the honeybee brain using RNA interference. We show that the disruption of the subunit expression in the mushroom body region of the honeybee brain during and shortly after appetitive learning selectively impaired memory. Although...
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PMID: 20534830
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results indicate that functional feedback from Kenyon cells to projection neurons and local interneurons is present in Drosophila and is likely mediated by the betagamma-lobes. The presence of this functional feedback from the mushroom bodies to the antennal lobes suggests top-down modulation of...
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PMID: 20479249
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)18 2010
Abstract
We address the question of whether the formation of olfactory long-term memory (LTM) could be associated with changes in the synaptic architecture of the MB networks. For this, we took advantage of the modular architecture of the honeybee MB neuropil, where synaptic contacts between olfactory input...
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PMID: 20445072
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that the high degree of neuronal plasticity in visual input regions of the MB calyx may be an important factor related to behavior transitions associated with division of labor....
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PMID: 20131320
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (20)7 2010
Abstract
We show that the absence of adult neurogenesis in Drosophila results from the elimination of neural stem cells (neuroblasts) during development. Prior to their elimination, their growth and proliferation slows because of decreased insulin/PI3 kinase signaling, resulting in nuclear localization of Fo...
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PMID: 20346676
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide a more accurate morphological description by employing a novel LK-specific GAL4 line that recapitulates LK expression. In order to analyse the possible afferent and efferent neural candidates of LK neurons, we used this lk-GAL4 line together with other CNS-Gal4 lines, combined with antise...
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PMID: 19941006
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mushroom bodies are in general similarly developed in most taxons studied. The calyx region appears as a single structure, and its dual nature is not yet realized. An anterio-posterior asymmetry of the calyx region with Kenyon cell processes running mostly behind the glomerular neuropil of the calyx...
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PMID: 21077369
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We are investigating the roles of unfulfilled (unf; HR51, CG16801) in MB development. unf encodes a nuclear receptor that is orthologous to the nuclear receptors fasciculation of axons defective 1 (FAX-1) of the nematode and photoreceptor specific nuclear receptor (PNR) of mammals. Based on our prev...
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PMID: 20122139
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I review recent studies of the neurophysiological properties of the vertical lobe system (VL) in the cephalopod brain, a system already thought to be dedicated to learning and memory. Summarizing from the point of view of comparative evolution, I relate these results to other systems where anatomica...
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PMID: 20036982
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sleep is crucial to memory consolidation in humans and other animals; however, the effect of insufficient sleep on subsequent learning and memory remains largely elusive.
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PMID: 19928381
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (19)16 2009
Abstract
We evaluate past choices to guide later decisions. In most situations, we have the opportunity to simultaneously learn about both the consequences of our choice (i.e., operantly) and the stimuli associated with correct or incorrect choices (i.e., classically). Interestingly, in many species, includi...
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PMID: 19576773
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neural Computation (21)8 2009
Abstract
We propose a model for pattern recognition in the insect brain. Departing from a well-known body of knowledge about the insect brain, we investigate which of the potentially present features may be useful to learn input patterns rapidly and in a stable manner. The plasticity underlying pattern recog...
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PMID: 19538091
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Experimental Biology (212)Pt 13 2009
Abstract
We examined the effect of agonistic behavior on cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS) of adult male Acheta domesticus crickets. We combined 5-bromo,2'deoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeling of dividing cells with immunocytochemical detection of the neuronal marker horseradish...
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PMID: 19525431
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested whether brain size represented a global and/or an induced cost of learning in the cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae. We assayed the ability of full sibling families to learn to locate either green hosts, for which butterflies have an innate search bias, or red hosts, which are more dif...
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PMID: 19390176
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The mushroom body calyx in Brachycera Orthorrhapha flies is extremely diverse in the degree of development. In general, the calyx has the anterior, posterior, and dorsal lobes, as well as "sleeves" of glomerular neuropil surrounding Kenyon cell fibers. The anterior lobe of the calyx is found in all...
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PMID: 19548617
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biology (8)1 2009
Abstract
Our results show that increasing odor concentrations induce progressive activation of concentration-tuned olfactory sensory neurons and concomitant recruitment of inhibitory local interneurons. We propose that the interplay of combinatorial OSN input and local interneuron activation allows animals t...
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PMID: 19171076
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurogenetics (23)1-2 2009
Abstract
We analyzed and compared the the expression patterns of 25 GAL4 drivers labeling the mushroom body. As an internet resource, we established a digital catalog indexing representative confocal data of them. Further more, we counted the number of GAL4-positive Kenyon cells in each line. We found that a...
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PMID: 19140035
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurogenetics (23)1-2 2009
Abstract
We have investigated the role of the cAMP transduction pathway known to be implicated in olfactory learning and memory within the MBs. Here, we report that disturbing this pathway by using different mutants, such as dnc, rut, PKA, or amn, lead to centrophobism defect. Moreover, we found that the P[G...
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PMID: 19306211
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We knocked down individual NRs through the development of the mushroom bodies (MBs) by targeted RNAi. Besides recapitulating the known MB phenotypes for three NRs, we found that unfulfilled (unf), an ortholog of human photoreceptor specific nuclear receptor (PNR), regulates axonal morphogenesis and...
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PMID: 20027309
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that single-point mutations, which decrease PKA activity, dramatically improve aversive olfactory memory in Drosophila. These mutations do not affect formation of early memory phases or of protein synthesis-dependent long-term memory but do cause a significant increase in a specific c...
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PMID: 19075226
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that tritocerebral tract input to the mushroom bodies is likely ubiquitous, reflecting the importance of gustation for insect behavior. The scattered phylogenetic distribution of Class III Kenyon cells is also proposed to represent an example of generative homology, in which th...
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PMID: 18590832
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose that caste- and sex-specific adaptations in the olfactory pathway promote differences in olfactory behavior. This study compares olfactory centers in the brain of large (major) workers, small (minor) workers, virgin queens, and males of the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus. The number...
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PMID: 18621145
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We compared the development of primary and secondary olfactory centers in the brain. Age-synchronized queen and worker pupae were raised in incubators at 34.5 degrees C, and their external morphology was characterized for all pupal stages. The development of olfactory synaptic neuropil was analyzed...
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PMID: 18621587
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterized the structure and response of optic lobe (OL) neurons projecting to the calyces of the mushroom bodies in bees. Bees are well known for their visual learning and memory capabilities and their brains possess major direct visual input from the optic lobes to the mushroom bodies. To fu...
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PMID: 18635397
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Cell Biology (183)2 2008
Abstract
We completely removed both APCs from Drosophila melanogaster larval neural precursors and neurons, testing whether APCs play universal roles in neuronal polarity. Surprisingly, APCs are not essential for asymmetric cell division or the stereotyped division axis of central brain (CB) neuroblasts, alt...
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PMID: 18852302
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Neuroscience (11)10 2008
Abstract
We found that odor presentations that support associative conditioning elicited only one or two spikes on the odor's onset (and sometimes offset) in each of a small fraction of Kenyon cells. Using associative conditioning procedures that effectively induced learning and varying the timing of reinfor...
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PMID: 18794840
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent work has demonstrated substantial wiring and functional stereotypy in the fly olfactory system. In this issue of Neuron, Murthy et al. demonstrate that in the mushroom body, a site of olfactory associative learning, this initial peripheral stereotypy gives way to functionally nonstereotyped c...
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PMID: 18817725
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We ask whether KCs are similarly identifiable individually, using genetic markers and whole-cell patch-clamp in vivo. We find that across-animal responses are as diverse within the genetically labeled subset as across all KCs in a larger sample. These results combined with those from a simple model,...
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PMID: 18817738
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present evidence that the highly conserved ubiquitin ligase Neuralized (Neur) is expressed in the adult Drosophila mushroom body (MB) alpha/beta lobe peripheral neurons and is a limiting factor for the formation of long-term memory (LTM). We show that loss of one copy of neur gene results in sign...
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PMID: 18794519
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (28)38 2008
Abstract
We show that a Drosophila biogenic amine, octopamine, is a potent wake-promoting signal. Mutations in the octopamine biosynthesis pathway produced a phenotype of increased sleep, which was restored to wild-type levels by pharmacological treatment with octopamine. Moreover, electrical silencing of oc...
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PMID: 18799671
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified these components by performing a large-scale genetic screen of temperature preference behaviour (TPB) in Drosophila. In parallel, we mapped areas of the Drosophila brain controlling TPB by targeted inactivation of neurons with tetanus toxin and a potassium channel (Kir2.1) driven with...
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PMID: 18594510
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (18)15 2008
Abstract
These data provide direct evidence that extended wakefulness disrupts learning in Drosophila. These results demonstrate that it is possible to prevent the effects of sleep deprivation by targeting a single neuronal structure and identify cellular and molecular targets adversely affected by extended...
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PMID: 18674913
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biological Cybernetics (99)2 2008
Abstract
We built a high-level computational model of this structure using simplified but realistic models of neurons and synapses, and developed a learning rule based on activity dependent pre-synaptic facilitation. We show that our model, which is consistent with mushroom body Drosophila data and incorpora...
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PMID: 18607623
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I present a new methodology that overcomes these three problems by using zinc-formaldehyde (ZnFA) for fixation. The success of this technique is demonstrated in the brain of the desert locust and evaluated by comparison with fixation in formaldehyde and immunostaining against synapsin to reveal the...
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PMID: 18585788
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The moth Spodoptera littoralis, is a major pest of agriculture whose olfactory system is tuned to odorants emitted by host plants and conspecifics. As in other insects, the paired mushroom bodies are thought to play pivotal roles in behaviors that are elicited by contextual and multisensory signals,...
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PMID: 18406668
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used different driver lines to express the tay cDNA in various neuronal subpopulations of the central brain in tay1-mutant flies. These experiments showed an association of the aberrant walking speed and activity with the structural defect in the protocerebral bridge. In contrast, the compensatio...
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PMID: 18446784
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroscience (154)2 2008
Abstract
We investigated the function of MAGE in Drosophila neurogenesis in vivo using an RNA interference (RNAi) -mediated gene knockdown system. Ubiquitous knockdown of Drosophila MAGE by double-stranded RNA injection into embryos was lethal at early stages of organogenesis. MAGE was then knocked down in d...
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PMID: 18479827
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use laser capture microdissection to isolate wild-type and mutant MB neurons in which EcR (ecdysone receptor) activity is genetically blocked, and analyze expression changes by microarray. We identify several molecular pathways that are regulated in MB neurons by ecdysone. The most striking obser...
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PMID: 18550751
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied how the MB of Drosophila is organized by its intrinsic and extrinsic neurons. We screened for the GAL4 enhancer-trap strains that label specific subsets of these neurons and identified seven subtypes of Kenyon cells and three other intrinsic neuron types. Laminar organization of the Kenyo...
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PMID: 18395827
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine the roles of four RPTPs during development of the larval mushroom body (MB). MB neurons extend axons into parallel tracts known as the peduncle and lobes. The temporal order of neuronal birth is reflected in the organization of axons within these tracts. Axons of the youngest neurons, kno...
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PMID: 18356078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe the form, distribution, and cytology of Kenyon cell groups in the process of generation and growth in comparison to developed parts of the mushroom bodies in adult crickets of the species Gryllus bimaculatus. A subset of growing Kenyon cells with sprouting processes has been distinguishe...
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PMID: 18306378
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present the pattern of glutamatergic synapses and cell bodies in the late larval CNS and in the adult fly brain by using an anti-DVGLUT antibody. We also introduce two new tools for studying the Drosophila glutamatergic system: a dvglut promoter fragment fused to Gal4 whose expression labels glut...
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PMID: 18302156
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (28)17 2008
Abstract
We report here learning-induced changes in Ca(2+) activities during early memory formation in a different subtype of MB neurons. We used three independent in vivo and in vitro preparations, and all of them showed that Ca(2+) activities in the axonal branches of alpha'/beta' neurons in response to a...
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PMID: 18434515
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude that Kenyon cells express functional GABA receptors whose properties support an inhibitory role of GABAergic transmission....
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PMID: 18180928
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show expression of the gene snpf and its neuropeptide products (short neuropeptide F; sNPFs) in larval and adult Drosophila Kenyon cells by means of in situ hybridization and antisera against sequences of the precursor and two of the encoded peptides. Immunocytochemistry displays peptide in intri...
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PMID: 18205208
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (28)12 2008
Abstract
We show that a single 2 min training session pairing odor with a more ethologically relevant sugar reinforcement forms long-term appetitive memory that lasts for days. Appetitive LTM has some mechanistic similarity to aversive LTM in that it can be disrupted by cycloheximide, the dCreb2-b transcript...
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PMID: 18354013
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell and Tissue Research (331)3 2008
Abstract
We provide a survey of the internal neuroarchitecture of the brain of the aciculate ragworm Nereis diversicolor (Polychaeta, Annelida). Descriptions are based on confocal laser scanning microscope analyses of brain sections labeled with the nuclear marker DAPI and antibodies raised against FMRF-amid...
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PMID: 18071754
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We observed that MBs modulate salience-based selective fixation behavior, which resembles attention in primates to a certain degree. We found that the fixation ability of MB-deficient flies was significantly reduced when the contrast levels were lowered as well as when a certain amount of background...
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PMID: 18364023
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that axonal processes that innervate the lip and collar are inherently different in structure and synaptic connectivity. The boutons of the lip are larger, with more synaptic vesicles and larger synapses than the collar, while boutons of the collar have more postsynaptic partners per synapse...
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PMID: 18095324
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated odor responses of the principal neurons of the mushroom body, the Kenyon cells (KCs), in Drosophila using whole cell recordings in vivo. KC responses to odors were highly selective and, thus sparse, compared with those of their direct inputs, the antennal lobe projection neurons (PNs...
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PMID: 18094099
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Convergence of higher processing centers has been proposed for insects and vertebrates, but the extent of these similarities remains controversial. The present study demonstrates that one higher brain center of insects, the mushroom bodies, displays a number of similarities with mammalian higher bra...
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PMID: 18560208
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In Drosophila, the fruit fly, coincident exposure to an odor and an aversive electric shock can produce robust behavioral memory. This behavioral memory is thought to be regulated by cellular memory traces within the central nervous system of the fly. These molecular, physiological, or structural ch...
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PMID: 18394482
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterized the responses of MB neurons to a change in airflow, a stimulus associated with odor perception. In vivo calcium imaging from MB neurons revealed surprisingly strong and dynamic responses to an airflow stimulus. This response was dependent on the movement of the 3(rd) antennal segmen...
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PMID: 19115002
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Amphicoma species are phytophagous generalists but have poorly developed mushroom bodies with a minute calyx and united pedunculus and lobes of concentric structure. Thus, in this respect Amphicoma are closer to the dung scarab beetles regarded as specialist feeders (Farris and Roberts, 2005).
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PMID: 19198083
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Neuroscience (9)1 2008
Abstract
There are several hundreds of neurons in the larval CNS and several thousands in the adult Drosophila brain expressing snpf transcript and sNPF peptide. Most of these neurons are intrinsic interneurons of the mushroom bodies. Additionally, sNPF is expressed in numerous small interneurons of the CNS,...
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PMID: 18803813
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Biologica Hungarica (59 Suppl)0 2008
Abstract
Distribution and synaptic connections of GABA fibres in neuropil parts of the mushroom bodies in brains of crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) and bees (Apis mellifera) were investigated by immuno-light and electron microscopy. In the inner calyx neuropil of cricket mushroom bodies, GABA fibres are pre-...
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PMID: 18652390
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Neuroscience (10)12 2007
Abstract
We demonstrate an acute requirement for NMDA receptors (NMDARs) outside of the mushroom body during long-term memory (LTM) consolidation. Targeted dsRNA-mediated silencing of Nmdar1 and Nmdar2 (also known as dNR1 or dNR2, respectively) in cholinergic R4m-subtype large-field neurons of the ellipsoid...
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PMID: 17982450
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.