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Animals, Genetically Modified (2):
Recent article
Animals, Genetically Modified
Abstract
We employed an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN)-specific gene manipulation system in combination with in vivo imaging of transparent zebrafish embryos. Knockdown of PTPσ enhanced the accumulation of synaptic vesicles in the axon terminals of OSNs. The exaggerated accumulation of synaptic vesicles was...
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PMID: 21812780
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We demonstrate that zebrafish Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) type III, which signals through ErbB receptors, controls Schwann cell migration in addition to its previously known roles in proliferation and myelination. Chimera analyses indicate that ErbB receptors are required in all migrating Schwann cells, and...
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PMID: 21965611
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that Bam has a crucial function in the lymph gland, the tissue that orchestrates the second phase of Drosophila hematopoiesis. In bam mutant larvae, depletion of hematopoietic progenitors is observed, coupled with prodigious production of differentiated hemocytes. Conversely, forced e...
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PMID: 21813570
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine the distribution, interactions and functions of the maternal planar cell polarity core protein Vangl2 and the apical-basal complex component aPKC. We show that Vangl2 is distributed in animally enriched islands in the subcortical cytoplasm in full-grown oocytes, where it interacts with a...
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PMID: 21813572
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that a mouse null mutation of Sema6d results in ectopic placement of the shafts of proprioceptive axons and their associated oligodendrocytes in the superficial dorsal horn, disrupting its synaptic organization. Anatomical and electrophysiological analyses show that proper axon positioning d...
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PMID: 21831918
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We now show that Fgf signalling is both necessary and sufficient for anterior otic specification during a similar period, a function that is completely separable from its earlier role in otic placode induction. In lia(-/-) (fgf3(-/-)) mutants, anterior otic character is reduced, but not lost altoget...
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PMID: 21831919
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report that one of the spectraplakin isoforms, VAB-10B1, plays an essential role in cell and nuclear migration of DTCs by regulating the actin and microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton. In the vab-10(tk27) mutant, which lacks VAB-10B1, alignment of filamentous (F)-actin and MTs was weakly and severely di...
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PMID: 21831923
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined two CRMs from the Drosophila snail gene locus, which are both active in the ventral region of pre-gastrulation embryos. By performing a deletion series in a ∼25 kb DNA rescue construct using BAC recombineering and site-directed transgenesis, we demonstrate that the two CRMs are not red...
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PMID: 21813571
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The 2010 Statistics of Scientific Procedures on Living Animals showed that the level of animal experimentation in Great Britain continues to rise, with just over 3.7 million procedures being conducted. This is almost exclusively due to the sustained increase in the breeding and utilisation of genetic...
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PMID: 21942550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explore the functional significance of an unprecedented example of regulatory state conservation from the cnidarian Nematostella to Drosophila, sea urchin, fish, and mammals. Our probe is a deeply conserved cis-regulatory DNA module of the SRY-box B2 (soxB2), recognizable at the sequence level ac...
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PMID: 21844364
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We find that C. elegans exhibits robust negative thermotaxis bias under conditions of varying T(c) and temperature ranges. By cell ablation and cell-specific rescue experiments, we show that the ASI chemosensory neurons are newly identified components of the thermosensory circuit, and that different...
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PMID: 21832201
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We test this hypothesis by comparing vulva induction in two genetically tractable nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus. Previous work indicated that the vulva is induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF)/RAS and WNT signaling in Caenorhabditis and Pristionchus, respectively. H...
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PMID: 21814488
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by hybridization to whole-genome tiling arrays. We identified 1,175 genomic regions to be bound in vivo by DAF-12, and these regions are enriched in known DAF-12 binding motifs and act as DAF-12 response elements in transfected cells and in transge...
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PMID: 21814518
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the recruitment and microglial transformation of BM-derived cells in radiation BM-chimeric mice and rats after transient global cerebral ischemia, which elicits a characteristic microglial reaction. Both species displayed microglial hyperplasia and rod cell transformation in the hipp...
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PMID: 21572335
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have developed several disease models in both embryonic and adult zebrafish, focusing on studying the role of angiogenesis in pathological settings. These zebrafish disease models are complementary to the existing mouse models, allowing us to study clinically relevant processes in cancer and nonm...
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PMID: 21671357
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) from neurons signals to a population of cells in the telogen bulge marked by the Hedgehog response gene Gli1. Gli1-expressing bulge cells function as multipotent stem cells in their native environment and repeatedly regenerate the anagen follicle. Shh-responding pe...
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PMID: 21549329
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Xenobiotica (41)5 2011
Abstract
We present a basic method for the purification of the endogenous Par-6/aPKC protein complex, which plays a central role in orchestrating asymmetric cell divisions in the developing nervous system of Drosophila. The procedure can be subdivided into the following steps: acquisition of sufficient start...
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PMID: 18641959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the excessive mitochondrial O(2)(-) production caused by SDHC mutations (G71E in C. elegans, I71E in Drosophila and V69E in mouse) results in premature death in C. elegans and Drosophila, cancer in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells and infertility in transgenic mi...
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PMID: 21615983
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (27)5 2011
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare gene silencing in bovine zygotes when small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were introduced into bovine zygotes by microinjection or lipid-based transfection. In Experiment 1, E-cadherin siRNA was injected at 100 or 375 µM and compared with PBS-injected and non-injecte...
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PMID: 21557920
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Normal cardiac physiology requires highly regulated cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations and abnormalities in Ca(2+) handling are associated with heart failure. The majority of approaches to identifying the components that regulate intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics rely on cells in culture, mouse models, and...
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PMID: 21493892
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show here that establishment of select CNS longitudinal tracts and formation of precise mechanosensory afferent innervation to the same CNS region are coordinately regulated by the secreted semaphorins Sema-2a and Sema-2b. Both Sema-2a and Sema-2b utilize the same neuronal receptor, plexin B (Ple...
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PMID: 21521614
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (27)4 2011
Abstract
Rat and mice are privileged tools for scientists. However, despite obvious advantages, such as a larger size, more faithful reproduction of human diseases, and utility for physiological and cognitive studies, rats have suffered from limited genetic technologies such as targeted mutagenesis. However,...
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PMID: 21524403
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroscience Bulletin (27)2 2011
Abstract
To perform the modulation of an assay system for the sensory integration of 2 sensory stimuli that inhibit each other.
The assay system for assessing the integrative response to 2 reciprocally-inhibitory sensory stimuli was modulated by changing the metal ion barrier....
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PMID: 21441968
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Lymphology (44)1 2011
Abstract
We experimentally validate the utility of these two marker lines as potential tools for establishing lymphatic vascular identity and visualizing developmental lymphangiogenesis. We introduced twenty nanometer red florescent microspheres into the blood vasculature of flil:GFP zebrafish and collected...
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PMID: 21667817
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate the feasibility of this method in Drosophila melanogaster, utilizing the well-characterized HEG, I-SceI. In particular, we show that high rates of homing can be achieved within spermatogonia and in the female germline. We show that homed constructs continue to exhibit HEG activity in...
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PMID: 21368273
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (138)6 2011
Abstract
We show that, when grown at high temperature, a majority of synMuv B mutants irreversibly arrest at the L1 stage. High temperature arrest (HTA) is accompanied by upregulation of many genes characteristic of germ line, including genes encoding components of the synaptonemal complex and other meiosis...
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PMID: 21343362
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that Fas-associated factor-1 (FAF1) is disrupted and that its expression is decreased in a Pierre Robin family with an inherited translocation. Furthermore, the locus is strongly associated with cleft palate and shows an increased relative risk. Expression studies show that faf1 is highly ex...
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PMID: 21295280
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report that Yki/Sd synergizes with and requires the transcription factor dE2F1 to induce a specific transcriptional program necessary to bypass the cell cycle exit. We show that Yki/Sd and dE2F1 bind directly to the promoters of the Yki/Sd-dE2F1 shared target genes and activate their expression i...
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PMID: 21325133
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that Tbx6-dependent regulation of Sox2 determines the fate of axial stem cells. In wild-type embryos, enhancer N1 of the neural primordial gene Sox2 is activated in the caudal lateral epiblast, and the cells staying in the superficial layer sustain N1 activity and activate Sox2 expres...
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PMID: 21331042
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that Notch is activated in select olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in an odorant-specific fashion. This response requires olfactory receptor activity and the Notch ligand Delta. We present evidence that Notch activation depends on synaptic transmission by the ORNs in which the receptors are...
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PMID: 21315258
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identify five distinct classes of fru neuron that trigger or compose the song. Our data suggest that P1 and pIP10 neurons in the brain mediate the decision to sing, and to act upon this decision, while the thoracic neurons dPR1, vPR6, and vMS11 are components of a central pattern generator that t...
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PMID: 21315261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined the cellular substrate for male courtship behavior by quasinatural and artificial stimulation of brain neurons. Activation of fruitless (fru)-expressing neurons via stimulation of thermosensitive dTrpA1 channels induced an entire series of courtship acts in male Drosophila placed alone...
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PMID: 21315260
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Surgeon (9) 2011
Abstract
Methods in Cell Biology (101) 2011
Abstract
We summarize recent progress, from our laboratories and others, on live imaging of the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons during zebrafish embryonic cleavage. First, we present simple protocols for extending the breeding competence of zebrafish mating ensembles throughout the day, which ensures a s...
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PMID: 21550437
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Methods in Cell Biology (104) 2011
Abstract
We describe both autonomous and non-autonomous transposable elements, and we compare and contrast popular transposon systems. The Tol2 system is a robust gene transfer tool and has been selected as the primary transposon platform, facilitating the development of an array of reagents readily shared w...
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PMID: 21924161
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Fatty-acid binding proteins modulate sleep and enhance long-term memory consolidation in Drosophila.
Abstract
We test the effect of overexpressing the brain-type fatty acid binding protein (Fabp7) on sleep and long-term memory (LTM) formation in Drosophila melanogaster. Transgenic flies carrying the murine Fabp7 or the Drosophila homologue dFabp had reduced baseline sleep but normal LTM, while Fabp inductio...
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PMID: 21298037
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present the first site-specific transformation of Anopheles gambiae, the principal vector of human malaria. Mosquitoes were initially engineered to incorporate the phiC31 targeting site at a defined genomic location. A second phase of genetic modification then achieved site-specific integration o...
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PMID: 21283619
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discovered that a 255 bp cis-regulatory module, the promoter tethering element (PTE), located 5' of the Abd-B transcriptional start site is able to tether IAB5 to the Abd-B promoter in transgenic embryo assays. In this study we examine the functional role of the PTE at the endogenous BX-C using t...
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PMID: 21283702
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This review considers the stages of the development of synthetic peptide vaccines against infectious agents, novel approaches and technologies employed in this process, including bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics, large-scale peptide synthesis, high-throughput screening methods, the use of transge...
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PMID: 21516776
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed expression pattern of endogenous Apo-14 in zebrafish embryogenesis by whole-mount in situ hybridization, and revealed its expression in liver primordium and in the following liver development. Subsequently, we isolated zebrafish Apo-14 promoter of 1763 bp 5'-flanking sequence, and develo...
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PMID: 21799896
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used the Drosophila heart model to examine its role in cardiac physiology, in conjunction with RNAi-mediated gene silencing specifically in the heart in vivo. Analysis of cardiac physiology was carried out using high-speed video recording in conjunction with movement analysis algorithms. unc-45 k...
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PMID: 21799905
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present a fast and reliable pipeline to efficiently generate a set of stable lines expressing a reporter gene in multiple neuronal structures in the developing nervous system in medaka. The pipeline combines both the accurate computational genome-wide prediction of neuronal specific cis-regulator...
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PMID: 21637758
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In limb regeneration of amphibians, the early steps leading to blastema formation are critical for the success of regeneration, and the initiation of regeneration in an adult limb requires the presence of nerves. Xenopus laevis tadpoles can completely regenerate an amputated limb at the early limb bu...
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PMID: 21814549
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that zebrafish, but not human, Ngb can translocate into cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that a chimeric ZHHH Ngb protein, in which the module M1 of human Ngb is replaced by the corresponding region of zebrafish Ngb, can penetrate cell membranes and protect cells against oxidative stress-in...
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PMID: 21304818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Voprosy Virusologii (56)1 2011
Abstract
Ebola virus virulence in guinea pigs, which appears through virus adaptation to this animal host, correlates with substitutions in the gene encoding vp24 protein. In particular, the substitution His-->Tyr186 was found when obtaining strain 8 ms. An attempt was made to clarify the functional role of t...
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PMID: 21427954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that the gene mafba (valentino) is expressed in CoPA interneurons....
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PMID: 21720556
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neural Development (6)1 2011
Abstract
We studied the temporal generation and diversity of Neurog2-positive precursor progeny using an inducible genetic fate mapping approach. We show that all subtypes of glutamatergic neurons derive from Neurog2 positive progenitors during development of the OB. Projection neurons, that is, mitral and t...
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PMID: 21466690
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We generated and analyzed phenotypes associated with a complete loss-of-function allele of Toll-9. Our results suggest that Toll-9 is neither required to maintain a basal anti-microbial response nor to mount an efficient immune response to bacterial infection....
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PMID: 21386906
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (285)52 2010
Abstract
We have determined the human male specific lethal 3 (hMSL3) chromo-barrel domain structure by x-ray crystallography to a resolution of 2.5 Å (r = 0.226, R(free) = 0.270). hMSL3 contains a canonical methyllysine binding pocket made up of residues Tyr-31, Phe-56, Trp-59, and Trp-63. A six-residue in...
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PMID: 20943666
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to show that the C. elegans insulin/FOXO pathway regulates the metabolism of locally acting lipid hormones called prostaglandins. C. elegans prostaglandins are synthesized without prostaglandin G/H synthase homologs,...
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PMID: 21145501
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
We show that mutations disrupting the scaffolding function do not impair endocytosis, whereas those disrupting membrane bending cause significant defects. By anchoring endophilin to the plasma membrane, we show that endophilin acts prior to scission to promote endocytosis. Despite acting at the plas...
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PMID: 21029864
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The optic tectum of zebrafish is involved in behavioral responses that require the detection of small objects. The superficial layers of the tectal neuropil receive input from retinal axons, while its deeper layers convey the processed information to premotor areas. Imaging with a genetically encode...
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PMID: 21030657
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (285)44 2010
Abstract
We combined these two parallel approaches for understanding SOD toxicity in ALS and found that zinc-deficient SOD-induced motor neuron death required Fas activation, whereas the nitric oxide-dependent death of G93A SOD-expressing motor neurons required copper and involved peroxynitrite formation. Su...
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PMID: 20663894
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical calcium (20)11 2010
Abstract
Analysis of animal models is indispensable to elucidate the molecular mechanism in vascular calcification (VC) as well as to develop new therapies for VC. Various gene-modified mice that show VC have been reported, and considerable progress has been made through the analyses of these animals. Mice o...
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PMID: 21037386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified the chemokine receptor cxcr3a as a marker of innate immune cells. Cells expressing cxcr3a were characterized in fish transgenic for a cxcr3a:gfp reporter. In embryos and larvae, cxcr3a-expressing cells are motile in healthy and damaged tissues, and phagocytic; the majority of these cel...
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PMID: 20921403
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract