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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Mammals (16):
Recent article
Mammals
Nature Reviews: Genetics (12)9 2011
Abstract
RNA structure is crucial for gene regulation and function. In the past, transcriptomes have largely been parsed by primary sequences and expression levels, but it is now becoming feasible to annotate and compare transcriptomes based on RNA structure. In addition to computational pred...
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PMID: 21850044
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We have identified DNA differences between the first New Zealand isolate of S. Typhimurium DT160 and the genome-sequenced strain, S. Typhimurium LT2. All the differences could be accounted for in one cryptic phage ST64B, and one novel P22-like phage, ST160. The majority of the ST160 genome is almost...
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PMID: 20950514
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ukrainskij biokhimicheskij zhurnal/Ukrayins'kij biokhimichnij zhurnal/Ukrainian biochemical journal (82)6 2011
Abstract
We suppose that diverse sensitivity to DT of monkey and mouse cells can be explained not only by differences in their receptor affinity for DT but also by the processes that occur after internalization of the toxin into the cells....
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PMID: 21805864
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results indicated that infected birds with avian Plasmodium inhabited and direct contacts occurred between the infected birds and mosquitoes in Kushiro Wetland, Hokkaido, Japan....
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PMID: 21845952
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mitochondria are most important organelles in the survival of eukaryotic aerobic cells because they are the primary producers of ATP, regulators of ion homeostasis or redox state, and producers of free radicals. The key role of mitochondria in the generation of primordial ATP for the...
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PMID: 21595013
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conducted a comparative survey of the visible gross morphology of the insular cortex and the claustrum in 26 mammalian species, representing most of the major mammalian radiations. We observed several features that are conserved in the mammals that we examined, including the absence of expansion...
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PMID: 21599698
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus in mammalian cells is positioned near the centrosome-based microtubule-organizing center (Fig. 1). Secretory cargo moves inward in membrane carriers for delivery to Golgi membranes in which it is processed and packaged for transport outward to the plasma membrane...
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PMID: 21504874
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Xenobiotica (41)5 2011
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation plays a major role in intracellular signal transduction pathways. Phosphorylated tyrosine residues initiate signaling pathways by recruiting proteins containing Src homology-2 (SH2) domains. Herein is described a high-throughput assay to detect interactions between phosphory...
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PMID: 18370317
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Physiological Reviews (91)2 2011
Abstract
The superfamily of cyclic nucleotide (cN) phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is comprised of 11 families of enzymes. PDEs break down cAMP and/or cGMP and are major determinants of cellular cN levels and, consequently, the actions of cN-signaling pathways. PDEs exhibit a range of catalytic eff...
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PMID: 21527734
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (1808)7 2011
Abstract
We use Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) to investigate the mechanisms of action of Tat (44-57) and Tat (49-57) on bacterial-mimetic 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC)/1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-(1-glycerol) (sodium salt) (DMPG) membranes....
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PMID: 21414289
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found high ratios of CD8α+ cells in trout thymus, gill and intestine, but relatively low abundance in pronephros, spleen and blood. Accordingly, tissue sections revealed many CD8α+ cells in thymus, numerous intra- and subepithelial CD8α+ cells in intestine and gill and few scattered CD8α+ cel...
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PMID: 21352850
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present an array of methods currently used for assessing tissue oxygenation. We show that hypoxia is marked during tumor development and has strong consequences for oxygenation and its influence upon chemotherapy efficiency. Then we compare this to physiological PO(2) values of human organs. Fina...
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PMID: 21251211
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Knowledge about how frugivory and seed deposition are spatially distributed is valuable to understand the role of dispersers on the structure and dynamics of plant populations. This may be particularly important within anthropogenic areas, where either the patchy distribution of wild plants or the pr...
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PMID: 21297861
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have utilized γ-H2AX to detect DNA damage induced by non-thermal plasma and found that it is initiated by production of active neutral species that most likely induce formation of organic peroxides in cell medium. Phosphorylation of H2AX following non-thermal plasma treatment is ATR dependent an...
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PMID: 21283714
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The protein kinase CK2 sustains multiple pro-survival functions in cellular DNA damage response and its level is tightly regulated in normal cells but elevated in cancers. Because CK2 is thus considered as potential therapeutic target, DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and rejoining, apoptosis...
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PMID: 21310046
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We document the number, distribution and conservation status of rediscovered amphibian, bird, and mammal species globally. Over the past 122 years, at least 351 species have been rediscovered, most occurring in the tropics. These species, on average, were missing for 61 years before being rediscover...
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PMID: 21818334
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biology Direct (6) 2011
Abstract
We now have a tremendous opportunity to better understand which genes are the most variable or conserved, and what their particular functions and evolutionary dynamics are, through comparative genomics.
We chose human and eleven other high-coverage mammalian genome data-as well as an...
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PMID: 21342519
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our method performs as well as GRIMM-Synteny on mammalian genomes, and outperforms it for clades with much greater evolutionary distances such as the Hemiascomycetous yeasts....
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PMID: 21441096
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Voprosy Virusologii (56)3 2011
Abstract
Long-term monitoring of natural tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) populations could reveal the change of TBEV subtypes, the displacement of the Far Eastern (FE) subtype, and its substitution for the Siberian (Sib) subtype. Acute and inapparent mixed infections were studied in Syrian hamsters to un...
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PMID: 21786627
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi alternates between different morphological and functional types during its life cycle. Since the discovery of this parasite at the beginning of the twentieth century, efforts have been made to determine the basis of its pathogenesis in the course of Chagas disease and its biochemica...
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PMID: 21820561
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide a description of the actual stage of knowledge of the nuclear structure of Trypanosoma cruzi. As an early divergent eukaryote, it presents unique and/or reduced events of DNA replication, transcription and repair as well as RNA processing and transport to the cytosol. Nevertheless, it sho...
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PMID: 21820560
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Signal transduction plays a key role in regulating important functions in both multicellular and unicellular organisms and largely controls the manner in which cells respond to stimuli. Signal transduction pathways coordinate the functions in different type of cells in animals and control the growth...
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PMID: 21820563
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the cause of American trypanosomiasis, or Chagas disease, is a protozoan parasite that is enzootic and endemic in much of the Americas, where it infects a wide variety of wild and domestic mammals as well as many species of triatomine vectors, in addition to humans. Historically, v...
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PMID: 21820549
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the 100 years since the discovery of Chagas disease, only two drugs have been developed and introduced into clinical practice, and these drugs were introduced over 40 years ago. The tools of drug discovery have improved dramatically in the interim; however, this has not translated into new drugs f...
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PMID: 21820553
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mutation Research (711)1-2 2011
Abstract
A clustered DNA lesion, also known as a multiply damaged site, is defined as ≥2 damages in the DNA within 1-2 helical turns. Only ionizing radiation and certain chemicals introduce DNA damage in the genome in this non-random way. What is now clear is that the lethality of a damaging agent is not ju...
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PMID: 21185841
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review recent advances, and then delve into a few areas that are promising research directions. We also discuss the flavor of modeling needed (simple or detailed) as well as new techniques that are needed to meet the challenges in modeling data across scales.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All r...
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PMID: 20934868
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Polycythemia is defined by the increase of hematocrit and haemoglobin respectively. Possible causes might be neoplastic diseases like polycythemia vera with proliferation of a cell clone. More often one will find reactive forms resulting from chronic hypoxemia. A physiologic form of polycythemia can...
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PMID: 21064012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications of the genome are generally stable in somatic cells of multicellular organisms. In germ cells and early embryos, however, epigenetic reprogramming occurs on a genome-wide scale, which includes demethylation of DNA and remodeling of histones and their modifications. The mecha...
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PMID: 21030646
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Transient populations of cis- and trans-acting small RNAs have recently emerged as key regulators of extensive epigenetic changes taking place during periconception, which encompasses gametogenesis, fertilization, and early zygotic development. These small RNAs are not only important to maintain gen...
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PMID: 21030645
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols (2010)11 2010
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved process that silences gene expression through double-stranded RNA species in a sequence-specific manner. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can promote sequence-specific degradation and/or translational repression of target RNA by a...
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PMID: 21041394
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our understanding of the complex signaling neurophysiology of the central nervous system has facilitated the exploration of potential novel receptor-ligand system targets for disorders of this most complex organ. In recent years, many relatively neglected receptor-ligand systems have been re-evaluat...
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PMID: 20632965
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In order to minimize risks to human and environmental health, chemical safety assessment programs are being reinforced with toxicity tests more specifically designed for detecting endocrine disrupters. This includes the necessity to detect thyroid-disrupting chemicals, which may operate through a va...
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PMID: 20684730
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell Biology International (34)11 2010
Abstract
We reconsider data concerning the effects of POMC (proopiomelanocortin)-derived peptides, cytokines and growth factors on molluscan immunocytes in the light of recent findings that also encompass the effects of experimental conditions....
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PMID: 20939830
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology (137)13 2010
Abstract
We investigated what determines the level of taxonomic resolution achieved. Identification of all helminths down to species level was achieved in only one-third of surveys, whereas all taxa were identified at least to genus level in two-thirds of surveys. The species richness of a parasite community...
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PMID: 20619067
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Journal (432)1 2010
Abstract
We show that frataxin deficiency in murine liver is associated with increased basal levels of oxidative DNA base damage. Accordingly, eukaryotic V79 fibroblasts overexpressing human frataxin show decreased basal levels of these modifications, while prokaryotic Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimuriu...
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PMID: 20819074
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that continental warming of about 5 °C preceded the CIE in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Our evidence, based on oxygen isotopes in mammal teeth (which reflect temperature-sensitive fractionation processes) and other proxies, reveals a marked temperature increase directly below the CIE, and...
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PMID: 20962843
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Interventions (10)5 2010
Abstract
We discuss what determines where and when synapses form, how components of the nascent presynaptic terminal accumulate at the site of synapse formation, and whether assembly occurs via an ordered process dependent on a master organizer. Understanding synapse formation in the central nervous system i...
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PMID: 21045242
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Single-molecule analyses of DNA replication have greatly advanced our understanding of mammalian replication restart. Several proteins that are not part of the core replication machinery promote the efficient restart of replication forks that have been stalled by replication inhibito...
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PMID: 20842177
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss two recent genome-wide RNAi screens for epigenetic regulators and explore potential applications in understanding DNA methylation and gene expression regulation in mammalian cells. We also discuss some of the key unanswered questions in the field of DNA methylation and suggest genome-wide...
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PMID: 20620207
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the sequence of feline prepro-adrenomedullin (AM) and its tissue distribution and to investigate whether expression of feline AM mRNA increases in association with spontaneous cardiomyopathy. The feline prepro-AM cDNA sequence and deduced amino acids were...
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PMID: 20460835
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used phylogenetic generalized least-squares models to estimate allometric slopes for both basal metabolic rate (BMR) and field metabolic rate (FMR) in mammals. Metabolic rate scaling conformed to no single theoretical prediction, but varied significantly among phylogenetic lineages. In some linea...
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PMID: 20957970
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genetika (Moskva) (46)9 2010
Abstract
This short communication is a review of key trends in the karyotypic evolution of mammalian taxa Laurasiatheria, inferred from comparative chromosome painting.
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PMID: 21061635
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this study, serum samples of 203 animals from different locations, from zoos and breeding facilities from the north and northeast regions of Brazil, were analyzed for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT) with a cutoff of 1:25. Of the sampled a...
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PMID: 20945665
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results demonstrate the need for a standardized protocol following a bite incident, including cooperation with the local health department, as necessary....
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PMID: 20945646
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this study, the microstructure of the cornea was compared among chickens (Gallus gallus), jungle crows (Corvus macrorhynchos), rats (Rattus norvegicus) and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The density of keratocytes in the mammals was over 3 times that in the birds. The size of the keratocytes in...
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PMID: 20410677
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review and compare the existing methods of studying cardiac dynamics, including restitution protocol (S1-S2), dynamic restitution protocol and multistability test protocol (S1-CI-S2). We focus on cardiac cell dynamics to elucidate regularities of heart rhythm. We demonstrate the advantages of our...
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PMID: 20153355
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (344)2 2010
Abstract
We examined the function of another Bar-class homeobox gene, Mbh2, and how Mbh1 and Mbh2 modulate expression of the receptors, leading to midline crossing of axons. Misexpression of Mbh1 and Mbh2 showed the same effects in the spinal cord. The competence of spinal dorsal cells to become commissural...
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PMID: 20599893
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Animal Science Journal (81)4 2010
Abstract
In temperate zones, animals use changes in day length as a calendar to time their breeding season. However, the photoreceptive and neuroendocrine mechanisms of seasonal reproduction are considered to differ markedly between birds and mammals. This can be understood from the fact that the eye is the...
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PMID: 20662808
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We systematically searched for enzymes that modify arginines by the addition of methyl groups. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are such enzymes that transfer methyl groups from S-adenosyl methionine to arginine residues within polypeptide chains resulting in mono- or dimethylated arginin...
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PMID: 20562214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review recent progress made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of copper transport in cells by analyzing structural features of copper proteins, their mode of interaction, and their thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, thus contributing to systems biology of copper within the cell....
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PMID: 20333435
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genetika (Moskva) (46)8 2010
Abstract
The contributions of different groups ofloci, namely those identical (i), similar (s), and different (d) with respect to allele composition and the loci expressed in only one of two compared objects (O), into the differentiation of marsupial and placental mammals have been evaluated. An increase in...
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PMID: 20873209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Oncology Reports (24)2 2010
Abstract
We identified the Ikaros gene from 14 vertebrate genomes and found Ikaros existed in all kinds of vertebrate including fish, amphibians, birds and mammals. Moreover, except rat and Xenopus tropicalis Ikaros proteins, which lack the first C2H2-type 1 Zinc finger region, all identified Ikaros proteins...
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PMID: 20596648
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We generated PAC1 conditional knockout mice. PAC1-null mice exhibited early embryonic lethality, demonstrating that PAC1 is essential for mammalian development, especially for explosive cell proliferation. In quiescent adult hepatocytes, PAC1 is responsible for producing the majority of the 20S prot...
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PMID: 20498273
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sialidases are very common in biological systems. They are found particularly in diverse virus families and bacteria, but also in protozoa, some invertebrates and mammalian. The enzymes differ in their biochemical properties, e.g., kinetics, binding affinity or substrate preference. Nevertheless, th...
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PMID: 20824954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude by discussing not only the current limitations but also possible ways to transform the construction of synthetic mammalian systems from an art into a predictive engineering discipline.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20691580
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Outbreak of pneumonia associated with emergent human adenovirus serotype 14--Southeast Alaska, 2008.
Abstract
During a community outbreak in Alaska, HAdV-14 appeared to have spread mostly among close contacts and not widely in the community. Demographic characteristics and illness patterns among the case patients were similar to those observed in other recent outbreaks of HAdV-14 infection in the United Sta...
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PMID: 20533881
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Tight regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is critical for many cell functions, including various forms of cellular uptake. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is one of the main methods of uptake in many cell types. An intact and properly regulated actin cytoskeleton is required for CME in Saccharo...
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PMID: 20637595
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although the fungus Candida albicans is a commensal colonizer of humans, the organism is also an important opportunistic pathogen. Most infections caused by C. albicans arise from organisms that were previously colonizing the host as commensals, and therefore successful establishment of colonization...
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PMID: 20435697
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.