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Chordata (2):
Recent article
Chordata
Zoological Research (31)4 2010
Abstract
We amplified and sequenced COX I gene of amphioxus collected from various localities of the West Pacific Ocean and downloaded all available sequences of the gene from NCBI. Based on those sequences data, we constructed NJ tree to decide the taxonomic status of those amphioxus and performed AMOVA ana...
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PMID: 20740698
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Developmental Biology (344)1 2010
Abstract
We show that the Ciona neurohypophyseal canal is present from the end of neurulation and represents the anteriormost neural tube, and that the future mouth opening is actually derived from the anterior neuropore. The mouth thus forms at the anterior midline transition between neural tube and surface...
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PMID: 20438724
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Coccidians are parasitic protozoans, and Calyptospora is an important genus of coccidia found in freshwater and marine fish of the Americas. This paper describes Calyptospora sp. that were found parasitizing the liver and intestine of Triportheus guentheri and the intestine of Tetragonopterus chalce...
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PMID: 20163938
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genes & Genetic Systems (85)2 2010
Abstract
We determined cDNAs of two genes that belong to the Rhesus (Rh) blood group gene family in an amphioxus species (Branchiostoma floridae) and designated them Rh-related-1 (RhR-1) and Rh-related-2 (RhR-2). RhR-1 and RhR-2 consisted of 10 and 11 exons, respectively. 3' UTR sequences of RhR-1 were short...
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PMID: 20558898
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hereditas (Beijing) (32)1 2010
Abstract
We described the construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library, using a single individual of Chinese amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri). High quality genomic DNA extracted from the spermary was partially digested with EcoRand EcoRmethylase. Desirable DNA fragme...
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PMID: 20085888
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Bioscience Reports (29)6 2009
Abstract
We isolated a cDNA, designated BbPlgl, encoding a kringle-containing protease with plasminogen-like activity from the basal chordate Branchiostoma belcheri. The deduced protein, BbPlgl, consisted of 430 amino acids, which is structurally characterized by the presence of an N-terminal signal peptide...
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PMID: 19193194
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We describe the characterization of the genomes of two sea turtle papillomaviruses, Chelonia mydas PV (CmPV-1) and Caretta caretta PV (CcPV-1). The isolation and sequencing of the first non-avian reptilian PVs extend the evolutionary history of PVs to include all amniotes. PVs have now been describe...
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PMID: 18973915
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The elephant shark neurohypophysial hormone genes encode vasotocin and oxytocin, and are linked tail-to-head like their homologs in coelacanth and non-eutherian tetrapods. Besides the hypothalamus, the two genes are also expressed in the ovary. In addition, the vasotocin gene is expressed in the kid...
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PMID: 19243634
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We survey case studies highlighting the occurrence of extreme morphologies in the trophic system in craniates and briefly review a number of associated conceptual issues: (1) Are extreme morphologies associated with constrained functional versatility? (2) Do high-performance systems necessarily invo...
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PMID: 19061414
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe the shared complement of miRNAs among 18 animal species using a combination of 454 sequencing of small RNA libraries with genomic searches. We show that the evolutionary trends elucidated from the model systems are generally true for all miRNA families and metazoan taxa explored: the con...
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PMID: 19196333
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We focus on the Ptc, Smo, and Sufu homologs in amphioxus, which are the key members of the Hh signaling pathway. Their genomic structures show their comparability with homologs in vertebrates. In situ hybridization reveals that amphioxus Ptc, Smo, and Sufu have similar expression patterns in embryog...
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PMID: 19878292
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Cristozoa (also known as crest animals) are established as representing the animals containing neural crest and its derivatives, constituting all known craniates and their immediate precraniate precursors. The precraniate crest animals all are extinct and preserved only in Early Cambrian strata...
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PMID: 19003927
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide firstly a historic perspective of hybridization research, secondly a novel attempt to assess the extent of hybridization among animals and thirdly an overview of the reviews and case studies presented in this theme issue....
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PMID: 18534946
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology Research (103)3 2008
Abstract
We investigated infections of Trypanosoma evansi and Trypanosoma cruzi in the sympatric suiformes-collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu), white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), and feral pig (Sus scrofa) by parasitological, serological, and molecular tests. Additionally, we evaluated the health status of...
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PMID: 18493795
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology Research (103)3 2008
Abstract
Four new Ceratomyxa species were described from the gallbladder of four Red Sea fishes at Suez and Hurghada, Egypt. These species are Ceratomyxa bassoni sp. n. from Plectorhinchus gaterinus (Forsskal 1775) at Suez and Hurghada, Ceratomyxa entzerothi sp. n. from Valamugil seheli (Forsskal 1775) at Su...
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PMID: 18516620
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that standard, common phylogenetic methods that were designed for stochastic, neutral, site-independent processes, generate less robust phylogenetic signal for bins with strong negative or positive selection. This was true for phylogenetic reconstruction with parsimony, distance, and likelih...
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PMID: 18486364
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used artificial-intelligence-based software to construct 12 motifs specific to the estrogen-binding domain of ERalpha and ERbeta in land vertebrates and teleosts. We mapped these ER-specific motifs onto the sequences of lamprey, amphioxus, and invertebrate and selected vertebrate ERs and estrogen...
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PMID: 18471435
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Immunology (45)12 2008
Abstract
We isolated a cDNA encoding amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri) FREP homolog, BbFREP. BbFREP encoded a protein of 286 amino acids, which included a C-terminal FBG domain and clustered together with human fibrinogen beta and gamma chains. Quantitative real time PCR revealed that the expression of BbFR...
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PMID: 18533266
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe the structure and gene content of the highly polymorphic approximately 520-megabase genome of the Florida lancelet Branchiostoma floridae, and analyse it in the context of chordate evolution. Whole-genome comparisons illuminate the murky relationships among the three chordate groups (tun...
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PMID: 18563158
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
DNA Sequence (19)3 2008
Abstract
The cDNA encoding a gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) was identified from the gut cDNA library of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri. It consisted of 1246 bp with a 354 bp open reading frame coding for a 117 amino acids protein of 13.9 kDa. The phylogenetic...
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PMID: 17852335
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FASEB Journal (22)6 2008
Abstract
We have examined ASICs from the ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a simple chordate organism whose nervous system in the larval stage exhibits high similarity to that of higher vertebrates. We found that the ascidian genome contains a single ASIC gene that gives rise to two splice forms analogous to the...
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PMID: 18211956
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Dynamics (237)5 2008
Abstract
We isolated the amphioxus homologs of VAChT and ChAT and examined their expression during development. Analysis of the 5' untranslated region of VAChT and ChAT suggests that the splicing of the VAChT/ChAT mRNA has been evolutionarily conserved in amphioxus and mammals. By double whole-mount in situ...
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PMID: 18407548
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (283)16 2008
Abstract
We have mapped and begun studies of the transcriptional control regions of this gene. Heterogeneous 5'-untranslated regions of MEF2A mRNAs result from use of alternative promoters and splicing patterns. The two closely approximated TATA-less promoters are approximately 65 kb upstream of the exon con...
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PMID: 18073218
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research Bulletin (75)2-4 2008
Abstract
We discuss here whether the precursors of vertebrate hair cells, which are placodal in origin, were present in ancestral chordates. The ascidian tunicates possess a coronal organ, consisting of a row of mechanosensory cells that runs around the base of the oral siphon. Its function is to monitor the...
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PMID: 18331894
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research Bulletin (75)2-4 2008
Abstract
Basic features of the anterior nerve cord in amphioxus larvae are summarized to highlight its essential similarity with the vertebrate brain. Except for a pineal homolog, the amphioxus brain consists of a much simplified version of the ventral brainstem, including a region probably homologous with t...
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PMID: 18331892
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigate the three genes expression patterns in embryos and adult tissues. The results indicate that these three genes possess different spatial and temporal expression patterns during embryogenesis. AmphiDDAHa transcripts are detected extensively in the differentiating ectoderm, mesendoderm i...
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PMID: 18226473
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (150)2 2008
Abstract
We purified a peptide of relative molecular mass of 1182.60 Da from the cephalochordate amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum. We found that its amino acid sequence (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH(2)) was identical to that of mammalian GnRH. The highest concentrations (4.04 +/- 0.3 microg...
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PMID: 18927217
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Biochimica Polonica (55)1 2008
Abstract
A cDNA clone encoding an amphioxus fatty acid binding protein-like (AmphiFABPL) protein was isolated from a gut cDNA library of Branchiostoma belcheri. It contained a 423 bp open reading frame corresponding to a deduced protein of 140 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of approximately 15.9...
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PMID: 18204740
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Development (135)1 2008
Abstract
We show that the recessive short-tailed Ciona savignyi mutation chongmague (chm) has a novel defect in the formation of a morphological boundary around the developing notochord. chm notochord cells initiate intercalation normally, but then fail to maintain their polarized cell morphology and migrate...
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PMID: 18032448
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To elucidate mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, a subtracted EST library for early WBR stages was previously assembled, revealing 76 putative genes belonging to major signaling pathways, including Notch/Delta, JAK/STAT, protein kinases, nuclear receptors, Ras oncogene family members, G-Protein c...
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PMID: 18847507
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Immunology (179)12 2007
Abstract
We identified three C-type lectins consisting solely of a carbohydrate recognition domain and N-terminal signal peptide and found that they had distinct express patterns in special tissues and immune response to stimulations analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. We characterized the biochemical an...
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PMID: 18056389
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterized ABCA members of two amphioxus species (Branchiostoma floridae and B. belcheri), the closest living invertebrate relative to vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these two species have the same set of ABCA genes (both containing six members). Five of these genes have cle...
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PMID: 17964083
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (312)1 2007
Abstract
We examine requirements for the development of the tunicate atrial siphon primordium, thought to share homology with the vertebrate otic placode. In vertebrates, FGF signaling is required for otic placode induction and for later events following placode invagination, including elaboration and patter...
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PMID: 17959164
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that the internal branch connecting the sea anemone to the bilaterian animals is extremely short, resulting in a weak statistical support for the Coelomata clade. Direct estimation of the level of homoplasy, combined with taxon sampling with different sets of outgroup species, reinforces the...
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PMID: 17921482
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (23)11 2007
Abstract
Cell and Tissue Research (330)1 2007
Abstract
These results suggest a conserved role of PCTPs in amphioxus as well as mammalian species....
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PMID: 17701056
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Nearly forty years ago, Susumu Ohno proposed that one or two rounds of whole genome duplication took place close to the origin of vertebrates. The refined version of this proposal, known as the two round (2R) hypothesis, assumes that the genome of jawed vertebrates has been shaped by two rounds of w...
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PMID: 17707623
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology Research (101)5 2007
Abstract
We could not detect significant genetic variability and therefore cryptic speciation. Nevertheless, while ITS-1 and 5.8S rDNA sequences were identical for all analysed specimens, ITS-2 sequences showed a population-specific pattern with the differentiation of an English Channel/Bay of Biscay group f...
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PMID: 17674051
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A gene encoding an ortholog of vertebrate CB(1)/CB(2) cannabinoid receptors was recently identified in the urochordate Ciona intestinalis (CiCBR; [Elphick, M.R., Satou, Y., Satoh, N., 2003. The invertebrate ancestry of endocannabinoid signalling: an orthologue of vertebrate cannabinoid receptors in...
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PMID: 17553639
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hearing Research (231)1-2 2007
Abstract
We now describe the morphology of the coronal organ, which contains a few associated rows of sensory cells that run the whole length of the oral velum and the branched tentacles. Three kinds of sensory cells, accompanied by specialised supporting cells, are present. Comparisons between the coronal o...
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PMID: 17611058
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (308)2 2007
Abstract
We have systematically analyzed the expression pattern of the Hox gene complement in an agnathan species, Lethenteron japonicum (Lj). We have isolated 15 LjHox genes and assigned them to paralogue groups (PG) 1-11, based on their deduced amino acid sequences. LjHox expression during development disp...
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PMID: 17560975
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mechanisms of Development (124)7-8 2007
Abstract
We identified tissue-specific enhancers of the engrailed gene of the basal chordate amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae) and compared their ability to direct expression in both amphioxus and its nearest chordate relative, the tunicate Ciona intestinalis. In amphioxus embryos, the native engrailed gene...
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PMID: 17624741
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I analyse the genomic organization and phylogenetic relationship between the long and short forms of the Groucho/Tle family members in Chordata. The genomic location and sequence similarities suggest that Aes/Grg5 and Tle6/Grg6 arose from duplication of the Tle2 gene; each evolved independently and...
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PMID: 17624551
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Understanding how the chordate body plan originated and evolved is still controversial. The discovery by Spemann and Mangold in 1924 of the vertebrate organizer and its inductive properties in patterning the AP and DV axis was followed by a long gap until the 1960s when scientists started characteri...
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PMID: 17563072
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have analyzed the O. dioica lamin and intermediate filament (IF) complement, comparing it to that present in other deuterostomes. O. dioica has one lamin gene coding two splice variants. Both variants share with the sister class ascidians a highly reduced C-terminal tail region lacking the immuno...
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PMID: 17449201
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Glycobiology (17)7 2007
Abstract
Our study on amphioxus galectin may help further understanding of the evolution of chordate galectin in terms of host-pathogen interaction in the immune system....
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PMID: 17442707
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (306)2 2007
Abstract
Two genes of the Pax III subfamily, Hau-Pax3/7A and -Pax3/7B, were identified from the leech Helobdella, and the expression and function of Hau-Pax3/7A in development are described. Leech embryos undergo spiral cleavage, then produce a set of teloblastic stem cells that generate segmented mesoderm a...
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PMID: 17433288
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (306)1 2007
Abstract
We describe the complete network of nine PSEDN genes, four of which-AmphiSix1/2, AmphiSix4/5, AmphSix3/6, and AmphiEya-are characterized here for the first time. For amphioxus, in vitro interactions among the genes and proteins of the network resemble those of other animals, except for the absence o...
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PMID: 17477914
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have used Western blotting and immunocytochemistry to examine expression of CiCBR in adult Ciona, employing novel antibodies to the C-terminal tail of CiCBR. Consistent with the expected mass for CiCBR, a approximately 47-kDa band was detected in Ciona membranes, and immunocytochemical analysis o...
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PMID: 17428001
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (23)5 2007
Abstract
FASEB Journal (21)7 2007
Abstract
We report a peculiar developmental scenario in a simple chordate, Botryllus schlosseri, wherein a normal colony of individuals (zooids and buds) is regenerated from the vasculature (vascular budding) through a sequence of morphologically abnormal developmental stages. Vascular budding was induced by...
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PMID: 17289924
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Anatomy (210)5 2007
Abstract
We report the identification and expression of an amphioxus TRP14 gene, named AmphiTRP14, the first such data in a non-mammalian organism. AmphiTRP14 consists of a 372-bp open reading frame coding for a 123-amino-acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 14 kDa. It shares 56% identity with...
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PMID: 17451532
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
As Denes et al. (2007) reveal in this issue, the expression profile and roles of genes that pattern the nervous system in embryos of chordates and annelids are surprisingly similar. This extraordinary conservation suggests that the patterning mechanism has been inherited largely unchanged from the b...
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PMID: 17448982
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Immunology (44)10 2007
Abstract
An amphioxus cDNA, AmphiGILT, encoding GILT protein was isolated from the gut cDNA library of Branchiostoma belcheri. It codes for a deduced protein of 254 amino acids, which has all the main features typical of GILT proteins including the signature sequence CQHGX(2)CX(2)NX(4)C, CXXC motif and 11 co...
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PMID: 17250895
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.