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Beetles
Abstract
We suggest that the fastest decay component arises from a direct proton transfer process from the hydroxyl group of D-luciferin to the mild base. The proton donor and acceptor molecules form an ion pair prior to photoexcitation. Upon photoexcitation solvent rearrangement occurs on a 1 ps time-scale....
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PMID: 21630647
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PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The impact of applying edible oils to corn silks on ear-feeding insects in sweet corn, Zea mays L., production was evaluated in 2006 and 2007. Six edible oils used in this experiment were canola, corn, olive, peanut, sesame, and soybean. Water and two commercial insecticidal oils (Neemix neem oil and...
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PMID: 21735916
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated four hemlock species (Tsuga) under three different fertilizer regimes to assess whether fertility affected resistance to the adelgid and to determine whether it affected feeding preferences of the adelgid predators Laricobius nigrinus Fender and Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Sasaji & McClure)....
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PMID: 21404870
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We undertook a functional genomics approach to identify the repertoire of genes expressed in ash phloem....
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PMID: 21283712
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I Collagen mRNA were detected and interfered 6 days later.
Serum containing Ground Beetle could reverse content of steroid-induced alkaline phosphatase of BMSCs, the expression of ostercalcin and Type I Collagen mRNA decreased.
The control mechanism of Ground Beetle on steroid-induced avascular necr...
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PMID: 21265200
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nucleic Acids Research (38)21 2010
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple, cost-effective way to sequence the full complement of protein coding mitochondrial genes from pooled samples using the 454/Roche platform. Multiplexing was achieved without the need for expensive indexing tags ('barcodes'). The method was trialled with a set of long-range po...
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PMID: 20876691
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Insect Physiology (56)11 2010
Abstract
We investigated this issue in the red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), which is a pine-killing invasive beetle in China, though it is usually considered as a secondary pest in its native range of North America. We hypothesized that pathogen pres...
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PMID: 20615412
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Insect Physiology (56)11 2010
Abstract
We demonstrate that the binary system of two antagonistic hygroreceptor neurons discriminates differences between steady-state humidity levels more sensitively than either neuron separately. Another advantage of the binary system is that it guarantees immediate and strong phasic-tonic response to ra...
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PMID: 20615410
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aerodynamic characteristics of the Coleopteran beetle species Epilachna quadricollis, a species with flexible hind wings and stiff elytra (fore wings), are investigated in terms of hovering flight. The flapping wing kinematics of the Coleopteran insect are modeled through experimental observatio...
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PMID: 20650283
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Clothianidin, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been found by former Agro Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., at present) and codeveloped with Bayer CropScience. During the studies on neonicotinoid insecticides, nitenpyram (an open-chain nitromethylene derivative)...
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PMID: 20873771
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Fungal Biology (114)9 2010
Abstract
A hypocrealean Coleoptera pathogen with characteristic part-spores, collected from Khao Yai National Park and Kaeng Krachan National Park in Thailand, is reported. The overall morphology was similar to Cordyceps barnesii, which is known from Sri Lanka, with ascospores disarticulating...
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PMID: 20943183
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigate the developmental basis and evolutionary diversification of secondary trait loss during development in the expression of beetle horns, a novel and highly diverse class of secondary sexual traits. In many species, horn growth during late larval development is followed by a period of dr...
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PMID: 20883214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Folia Parasitologica (57)3 2010
Abstract
A new Microsporidium sp. infects Rhizophagus grandis Gyllenhall, a beetle which preys on the bark beetle Dendroctonus micans Kugellan in Turkey. Mature spores are single, uninucleate, oval in shape (3.75 +/- 0.27 microm in length by 2.47 +/- 0.13 microm in width), with a subapically fixed polar fila...
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PMID: 20941915
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose that following absorption, vicilins accumulate in the fat body, where they are partially degraded. These peptides are retained throughout the development of the insects and eventually are sequestered by the eggs. It is possible that accumulation in the eggs is a defensive strategy against...
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PMID: 20230826
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude that larvae of P. hilaris show a photoperiodic response after removal of stemmata, in contrast to larvae of L. kumagaii....
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PMID: 20230824
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the prediction of strong condition dependence for strength, walking speed and testes mass. Strength was strongly condition dependent only in those beetles that fight for access to females. Walking speed, with less of an obvious selective advantage, showed no condition dependence, and teste...
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PMID: 20335207
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A cDNA encoding cysteine protease inhibitor (CPI) was isolated from the cDNA library of clamworm Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that the protein had 51%, 48%, and 48% identity with Zgc:153129 from Danio rerio, cystatin B from Theromyzon tessulatum and...
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PMID: 20798590
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use the full set of MPCGs of 15 species of beetles (two of them newly sequenced here) to estimate the nucleotide evolutionary rates in a reconstructed phylogeny among suborders, paying special attention to the effect of data partitioning and model choices on these estimations. The optimal strateg...
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PMID: 20152911
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present a molecular phylogeny of the African representatives of the two oldest tribes, Canthonini (the putative ancestor of all "rollers") and Dichotomiini (thought to represent the ancestral "tunnellers"), based on partial sequence data from two mitochondrial and three nuclear genes, extracted f...
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PMID: 20416384
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The generally accepted assumption on the low mortality pressure for inside-tree habitat was challenged in this study. To achieve this objective, the number of larval instars of xylem-feeding Aredolpona rubra (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) was determined using multidimensional statistics, and the li...
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PMID: 19939320
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Applied Optics (49)22 2010
Abstract
We compare the microstructure of Cyphochilus scales to those of two other white beetles, Lepidiota stigma and Calothyrza margaritifera. Extensive optical modeling and experimental data suggest that each species displays structural optimization designed to maximize optical scatter. Optimization of th...
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PMID: 20676179
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was one of the most important legume crops in the world in 2010. Japanese beetles (JB; Popillia japonica, Newman) in the US were an introduced and potentially damaging insect pest for soybean. JBs are likely to spread across the US if global warming o...
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PMID: 20458460
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated whether plant volatiles induced by feeding P. versicolora larvae were involved in the reaggregation behavior. Under laboratory conditions, we conducted dual-choice bioassays and found that the first and second instars discriminated between volatiles from leaves infested by larvae and...
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PMID: 20544261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Adults of the sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta Olivier (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae), form aggregations during the mating period in July, but also in October. The beetles aggregate on food sources, e.g., Acacia spp. trees or sorghum with ripe seeds, to feed and mate. During the mating se...
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PMID: 20549329
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that organic farming methods mitigate this ecological damage by promoting evenness among natural enemies. In field enclosures, very even communities of predator and pathogen biological control agents, typical of organic farms, exerted the strongest pest control and yielded the largest plants...
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PMID: 20596021
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
An unusual, intercalated photonic nanoarchitecture was discovered in the elytra of Taiwanese Trigonophorus rothschildi varians beetles. It consists of a multilayer structure intercalated with a random distribution of cylindrical holes normal to the plane of the multilayer. The nanoar...
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PMID: 19933221
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We subjected these weapons to 12 generations of bidirectional selection and found trade-offs between weapons and two other male characters: wing and testis size. In addition, probably as a consequence of the observed changes in investment, dispersal ability and ejaculatory volume differ significantl...
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PMID: 20129986
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The ingestion of food products originating from poultry infected with Salmonella spp. is one of the major causes of food poisoning in humans. The control of poultry salmonellosis is particularly difficult since birds are asymptomatic and numerous factors may expedite the maintenance...
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PMID: 19929223
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Anopheles aquasalis Curry is considered the main vector of human malaria in Northern Venezuela. A longitudinal study was carried out in the coastal areas of the Paria Peninsula, Sucre state. The larval habitats of A. aquasalis were classified as: 1--Brackish mangrove, and 2--Freshwater herbaceous sw...
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PMID: 20527475
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inflammation (33)3 2010
Abstract
We used an acute inflammation model of injury, injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity of rats. The rats were treated intraperitoneally with the aqueous extract of U. dermestoides 8 and 16 mg/kg. The exudate volume, protein concentration, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and total leukoc...
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PMID: 20020191
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Naturalist (175)6 2010
Abstract
We tested the effect of rearing environment (high or low food) on genetic variance in size traits measured at two ages in the ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis. A substantial amount of genetic variance was present in all combinations of rearing environment by ontogenetic stage among males. The patte...
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PMID: 20406061
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemosphere (80)1 2010
Abstract
Field studies were performed in two successive years, 2005 and 2006, in different olive groves of the province of Granada (South-eastern Spain) by spraying olive trees (Olea europaea) with a pyrethroid insecticide, deltamethrin, for the control of the olive bark beetle Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Be...
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PMID: 20413141
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecotoxicology (19)5 2010
Abstract
The aim of the work was to study effects of suboptimal temperature on nickel toxicity under chronic exposure and to apply the Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor (MFB) for the first time to soil organisms in order to link behavioral to physiological endpoints. Ground beetles Pterostichus oblongopunct...
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PMID: 20180150
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Phytochemistry (71)8-9 2010
Abstract
The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari), is one of the most devastating coffee pests (Coffea arabica L.) worldwide. Digestion in the midgut of H. hampei is facilitated by aspartic proteases. This is the first report of an aspartic protease inhibitor from Lupinus bogotensis. The L. bogo...
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PMID: 20347105
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A simulation model of the population dynamics and genetics of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was created to evaluate the use of refuges in the management of resistance to transgenic insecticidal corn, Zea mays L., expressing one or two toxi...
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PMID: 20568632
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The insecticidal effect of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae), Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), and Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) against Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: P...
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PMID: 20568646
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We constructed a small dry kiln in an effort to emulate the type of technology a small- to medium-sized firewood producer might use to examine whether treatments with lower temperature and time regimes successfully eliminate emerald ash borer from both spilt and roundwood firewood. Using white ash (...
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PMID: 20568603
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I or II. Chamber fumigations with 31 and 46% load factors provided additional sorption and concentration data. A. planipennis-infested logs in tarped, 149.1-m3 cargo containers were fumigated at dosages used in successful trials. Logs were monitored for 8 wk for adult emergence. There was no adult e...
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PMID: 20568604
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (96)3 2010
Abstract
We extracted all the nematode fauna present on 114 individuals of G. stercorosus. By direct sequencing using the 18S SSU, we provide a barcode for all nematodes isolated from the beetle samples. In total, 5,002 dauer-stage nematodes were sequenced, which included Pristionchus spp., Koerneria spp. (D...
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PMID: 20557197
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Treating panel traps with a fluoropolymer enhances their efficiency in capturing cerambycid beetles.
Abstract
We have observed that adult cerambycids of many species often alight and walk upon panel traps, and few are actually captured. In an effort to improve trap capture and retention, researchers have treated intercept traps with Rain-X, a polysiloxane formulation that renders surfaces more slippery. Her...
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PMID: 20568608
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found no evidence of mortality of adult beetles. In contrast, fewer larvae completed their development at dose levels > or = 1.7 mg (AI)/cm dbh and development ceased beyond the second instar at dose levels > or = 13.6 mg (AI)/cm dbh. Substantial concentrations (11.2 microg/g dry mass [SD = 7.55]...
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PMID: 20568616
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Semiochemical-based exotic species surveys targeting forest Coleoptera have gradually expanded in North America and elsewhere. Determining how various factors affect trap catches and increase species richness in traps is important for maximizing the efficacy of survey efforts. Studies were conducted...
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PMID: 20568615
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Isolation and characterization of plant constituents responsible for insect resistance are of the utmost importance for better understanding of insect-host plant interactions, for selection and breeding of resistant plant varieties, and for development of natural insecticides to be used in future su...
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PMID: 20387830
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assess the effects of ISC by comparing fitness and SD across distinct laboratory populations of seed beetles that should be well adapted to a shared environment. We show that SD in juvenile development time, a key life-history trait with a history of sexually antagonistic selection in this model...
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PMID: 20031994
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We deployed motion-triggered video cameras at seven larva-fishing sites. From 1797 camera hours of surveillance over 111 days, we recorded 317 site visits by at least 14 individual crows. Tool use was observed during 150 site visits. Our video footage revealed notable variation in foraging success a...
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PMID: 20053646
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Species of various insect orders possess specialised tarsal adhesive structures covered by a thin liquid film, which is deposited in the form of footprints. This adhesive liquid has been suggested to be chemically and physiologically related to the epicuticular lipid layer, which naturally covers th...
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PMID: 20361192
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The predators Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Menéville (Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) and Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), are frequently observed on vegetable crops, especially on tomato plants, as well as on flowers of several plants around crop fields. It is well known that when...
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PMID: 20379654
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A molecular phylogeny of the subtribe Calathina was inferred from DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial cox1-cox2 region and the nuclear genes 28S and EF-1alpha. All lineages within Calathina from the Holarctic region were represented except for the monotypic subgenus Tachalus. Maximum Parsimony...
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PMID: 19900569
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that metabolic rates during pupal development of the tenebrionid beetle Zophobas rugipes reveal a typical U-shaped curve and that, with the exception of 9-day-old pupae, the time between two bursts of CO(2) (interburst phase) was the only parameter of cyclic CO(2) gas exchange patterns that...
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PMID: 19559706
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the contribution of convection on Circellium respiratory gas exchange. No constriction phase was observed. TS and SEC pressures were always around atmospheric values. During interburst phase open abdominal spiracles and a leaky SEC led to small CO(2)-peaks on a continuous CO(2) basel...
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PMID: 19481765
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An insect antifreeze protein gene Mpafp149 was cloned by the RT-PCR approach from the desert beetle Microdera punctipennis dzungarica. Sequence analysis revealed that this gene encoding a protein of 120 amid acids and this protein showed 65-76% homology with other insect antifreeze proteins, the ded...
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PMID: 19562508
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Methyl bromide fumigation, the most accepted quarantine treatment for dates and many other dried commodities, will be phased out by 2015 worldwide. As a result, there is a critical need to develop durable alternatives for methyl bromide as postharvest treatments of agricultural commodities. This art...
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PMID: 20377969
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (20)3 2010
Abstract
We evaluated the effectiveness of six levels of dispersed greentree retention for conservation of ground beetle biodiversity in four boreal mixedwood cover types that span a gradient of stand development following wildfire. Each cover type X treatment combination was replicated three times in an ope...
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PMID: 20437960
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the isolation and characterization of a novel knottin-type antimicrobial peptide from the yellow-spotted long-horned beetle Psacothea hilaris. A cDNA encoding a 56-mer knottin-type propeptide was identified and its predicted molecular mass and pI was 5.92 kDa and 8.28, respectively. A 34-m...
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PMID: 20467242
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Very few studies have examined, at the field scale, the potential for faecal residues in the dung of avermectin-treated cattle to affect dung-breeding insects. The current study examined populations of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Aphodius) using pitfall traps baited with dung from untreated cattle o...
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PMID: 19586576
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined whether the alnus ambrosia beetle, Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), is infected with Wolbachia using wsp and MLST genes. Wolbachia was detected from all tested specimens of X. germanus (n=120) by wsp amplification. Five distinct sequences (i.e. five alleles) for wsp were found, and labe...
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PMID: 19698196
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Entomology (39)2 2010
Abstract
We prepared bark and phloem extracts from logs of four North American tree species that we had used in previous host acceptance experiments. Water, methanol, and hexane extracts of red pine, tamarack, balsam fir, and paper birch were presented alone and in combination on a neutral filter paper subst...
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PMID: 20388300
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.