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Rhabditoidea (1):
Recent article
Rhabditoidea
Abstract
We investigated the dynamics of infections of the toad parasite by conducting histologic examinations of cane toads and three native Australian frogs (Litoria dahlii, Litoria nasuta, and Opisthodon ornatus) at 2, 6, and 10 days after experimental exposure to the toad lungworm. More worms were found...
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PMID: 20966266
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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BMC Microbiology (10)1 2010
Abstract
This is the first report describing the outcome of a comprehensive screen looking for transmission mutants in Photorhabdus. In total 6 genetic loci were identified and we present evidence that all of these loci are involved in the assembly and/or maintenance of LPS and other factors associated with...
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PMID: 20149243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our new findings introduce C. lunaris as a potential biological vector for transmission of Gongylonema sp. to vertebrates in the surveyed region....
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PMID: 19290086
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that this can lead to serious errors in the predicted movement of the population if the individuals disperse at different rates. We develop a stochastic model for the diffusion of heterogeneous populations, inspired by the movement of the parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita. Dir...
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PMID: 18708322
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We searched for close relatives of the model system Caenorhabditis elegans with deviant patterns. The parthenogenetically reproducing species Diploscapter coronatus shows prominent differences to C. elegans. While in the 2-cell stage of C. elegans a rotation of the nuclear/centrosome complex is foun...
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PMID: 19378252
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Genomics (10)1 2009
Abstract
An expression profiling study was performed between experimental lines L5M and OHB of Hb with probes for 15,220 ESTs from the Hb transcriptome. Microarray analysis showed 1,185 DEGs comprising of 469 down- and 716 up-regulated genes in trait deteriorated nematodes. Analysis of the DEGs showed that t...
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PMID: 20003534
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The free-living infective juveniles of the entomopathogenic nematodes are non-feeding, so the stored energy reserves in these juveniles are of great importance. The relationship between the energy reserves and the efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematodes of genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema w...
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PMID: 19209775
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have conducted investigations as to the utility of this species as a candidate organism for the detection of chromium in Irish soils. These experiments have demonstrated that S. feltiae can survive and reproduce in the presence of high concentrations of chromium VI. It was observed that concentra...
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PMID: 18639920
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterized four eEF1A genes in the alternative rhabditid nematode model organism Oscheius tipulae. This is twice the copy number of eEF1A genes in C. elegans, C. briggsae, and, probably, many other free-living and parasitic nematodes. The introns show features remarkably different from those o...
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PMID: 18696027
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Processes (78)3 2008
Abstract
We suggest that this is an outcome of behavioural manipulation, which prevent the parasites from being predated or scavenged together with their host until the nematodes complete development inside the host cadaver....
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PMID: 18406076
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An adult female free-ranging American black bear (Ursus americanus) was presented in poor body condition, with advanced skin disease. Skin changes included hair loss, lichenification, crusting, and focal erosions. Skin scrapings and histopathology identified two distinct parasitic conditions that we...
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PMID: 18634219
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbes and Infection (10)7 2008
Abstract
We found two Photorhabdus isolates (Photorhabdus sp. Cbkj163 and OnIr40) whose partial 16S rRNA gene sequence showed high similarities to clinical isolates of this pathogen from Heterorhabditis indica. The phylogenetic study, based upon the gyrase subunit B gene sequences of the two isolates, reveal...
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PMID: 18538616
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Many animals and plants have symbiotic relationships with beneficial bacteria. Experimentally tractable models are necessary to understand the processes involved in the selective transmission of symbiotic bacteria. One such model is the transmission of the insect-pathogenic bacterial symbionts Photo...
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PMID: 18281425
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology (135)3 2008
Abstract
We tested this idea by examining relations between development of Wood Frogs (Rana sylvatica) and susceptibility to lung nematodes (Rhabdias ranae). Male and female frogs reared in outdoor mesocosms were the same length and mass at metamorphosis. However, males metamorphosed sooner than females. Lun...
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PMID: 17991306
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The neutral extract chloromethylenic showed an important activity on Rhabditis pseudoelongata. Five acetogenines were insulated starting from this extract chloromethylenic (gigantetronenine, squamocine, glaucanisine, glaucanetine, goniothalamicine) and two alkaloids starting from the alkaline extrac...
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PMID: 19102119
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae, respectively) represent a most promising group of pathogens that are lethal to many soil-inhabiting insects. Ukraine has Lagged behind of Eastern European countries in...
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PMID: 19226814
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Genome Biology (9)7 2008
Abstract
We used a combination of macrorestriction and DNA microarray experiments to perform a comparative genomic study of different P. luminescens TT01 variants. Prolonged culturing of TT01 strain and a genomic variant, collected from the laboratory-maintained symbiotic nematode, generated bacterial lineag...
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PMID: 18647395
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Fifty (26 males, 21 female and 3 juvenile) Lyciasalamandra luschani (Luschan's salamander) collected in Antalya, were examined for helminths during 1997-2001. In this study, 3 helminth species, Aplectana acuminata, Cosmocerca longicauda and Angiostoma aspersae (Nematoda) were found. This study is th...
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PMID: 19156619
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We employed suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique to study the gene expression in the IJs upon contact with the insect hemolymph in vitro. We identified two clones having higher expression levels in the IJs than IJs treated with insect hemolymph. The differential expression levels we...
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PMID: 17767967
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (93)6 2007
Abstract
We compared Heterorhabditis bacteriophora GPS11 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) to the ESTs of animal-parasitic, human-parasitic, plant-parasitic, and free-living nematodes. We identified 127 previously nondescribed ESTs of which 119 had homologs in ESTs and 8 had homologs in proteins of free-living...
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PMID: 18314678
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Trends in Parasitology (23)11 2007
Abstract
Photorhabdus bacteria live in a 'symbiosis of pathogens' with nematodes that invade and kill insects. Recent work has begun to use the power of the model insect Drosophila to dissect the molecular basis of the invertebrate immune response to the combined insult of the worms and their symbiotic bacte...
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PMID: 17964855
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Interactions between the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora isolate JPM4 and the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, isolates LPP45 and LPP39, were studied during dual infections of Diatraea saccharalis. Mortality, production of infective juveniles (IJs) and production of conidia were evaluated. A po...
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PMID: 17532003
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (93)5 2007
Abstract
Rhabdias kuzmini n. sp., a parasite of the lungs of Bufo occidentalis, is described and illustrated. This Mexican taxon differs from the related species in the genus by the possession of 4 lips (2 subdorsal and 2 subventral) and 2 lateral pseudolabia, corpus not inflated, a larger barrel-shaped bucc...
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PMID: 18163354
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use a correlated random walk model in two dimensions to simulate the movement of the slug parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita in homogeneous environments. The model incorporates the observed statistical distributions of turning angle and speed derived from time-lapse studies of indiv...
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PMID: 17561123
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (17)10 2007
Abstract
We have demonstrated that the insect parasitic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, its bacterial symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens, and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster constitute a tripartite model for nematode parasitism and parasitic infection. We find that infective juveniles (IJs) of H...
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PMID: 17475494
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aquatic Toxicology (82)2 2007
Abstract
We investigate whether these environmental conditions may explain the lower genetic diversity in the most upstream location. To this end we followed the development of genetically diverse P. marina populations under experimental conditions during 14 days. Genetic diversity was assessed in the F1, F2...
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PMID: 17350695
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (93)1 2007
Abstract
Two new Rhabdias species are described from the lungs of the cane toad Bufo marinus (L.) from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Rhabdias alabialis n. sp. differs from other known species of the genus by the remarkable morphology of its head end, i.e., the absence of lips or pseudolabia, the slitlike oral op...
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PMID: 17436957
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (93)1 2007
Abstract
Rhabdias nicaraguensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae) from the lungs of Norops capito (Sauria: Polychrotidae) is described and illustrated. Rhabdias nicaraguensis n. sp. represents the 54th species assigned to the genus and the 12th from the Neotropical realm. Of the 12 Neotropical Rhabdias specie...
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PMID: 17436951
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is an entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) mutually associated with the enteric bacterium, Photorhabdus luminescens, used globally for the biological control of insects. Much of the previous research concerning H. bacteriophora has dealt with applied aspects related to biolo...
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PMID: 18050499
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also observed that the mites consumed more S. feltiae IJs than Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). No phoretic relationship was observed between mites and nematodes and the nematodes did not infect the mites....
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PMID: 17924198
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Soaking L1 stage H. bacteriophora with seven dsRNAs of genes whose C. elegans orthologs had severe RNAi phenotypes resulted in highly penetrant and obvious developmental and reproductive abnormalities. The efficacy of postembryonic double strand RNA interference (RNAi) was evident by abnormal gonad...
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PMID: 17803822
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested for soil substrate effects on the movement and infectivity of naturally co-occurring entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis marelatus, alone and in combination. We manipulated the presence and bulk density of soil and added Galleria mellonella baits within cappe...
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PMID: 17005194
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a method to quantify P. hermaphrodita in soil samples based on real time PCR. We designed primers and a dual labelled fluorescent probe that can be used to quantify numbers of P. hermaphrodita and which is capable of distinguishing this species from the morphologically identical Phasmarh...
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PMID: 17010977
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (92)6 2006
Abstract
Rhabdias leonae n. sp., a parasite of the lungs of Norops megapholidotus, is described and illustrated. The Mexican taxon differs from the other species in the genus by a combination of characters: possession of 4 lips, corpus slightly inflated, slightly postequatorial vulva, and presence of swollen...
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PMID: 17304815
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mycological Research (110)Pt 9 2006
Abstract
The oomycete (Peronosporomycete) Chlamydomyzium oviparasiticum, previously recorded as a parasite of rotifer eggs, was found infecting Rhabditis nematodes in a sample of rotting garden compost. For the first time C. oviparasiticum was cultured in liquid media, which enabled more detailed studies of...
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PMID: 16938446
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Entomelas duellmani n. sp. (Rhabditida: Rhabdiasidae) from the lungs and Skrjabinodon cortagoensis n. sp. (Oxyurida: Pharyngodonidae) from the intestines of Mesaspis monticola (Sauria: Anguidae) are described and illustrated. E. duellmani is the sixth species assigned to the genus and is the third s...
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PMID: 17007209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also showed that O. tipulae has the same telomere repeats already found in Caenorhabditis elegans at the ends and in internal regions of the chromosomes. Using a cassette-ligation-mediated PCR protocol we were able to obtain 5 different putative subtelomeric sequences of O. tipulae, which show no...
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PMID: 17036075
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In laboratory bioassays, Steinernema riobrave Cabanillas, Poinar and Raulston (355 strain), Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Mexican 33 strain), Steinernemafeltiae (Filipjev) (UK76 strain), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (HP88 strain) were all capable of infecting and killing three termit...
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PMID: 16937662
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is used as a commercial biological control agent of slugs in the UK. Although it is known to affect other terrestrial mollusc species, its effects on freshwater molluscs are not known. The present study investigated the effects of P. hermaphrodita on the su...
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PMID: 16716346
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (92)3 2006
Abstract
We studied variation in isozyme patterns of 8 metabolic enzymes in 5 species of Heterorhabditis (H. bacteriophora, H. indica, H. marelata, H. megidis, and H. zealandica) comprising 18 isolates. Isozyme banding patterns of all the 8 enzymes were species specific; however, 3 enzymes, i.e., arginine ki...
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PMID: 16883993
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Parasitology (92)3 2006
Abstract
Rhabdias bakeri n. sp. is described from specimens found in lungs of the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, from North Dakota. The new species has previously been mistakenly identified as Rhabdias ranae Walton, 1929, a common parasite of the leopard frog, Rana pipiens. The new species differs from R. ranae...
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PMID: 16884011
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide evidence that bush lupine, Lupinus arboreus, facilitates the survival of the predatory nematode Heterorhabditis marelatus. Because H. marelatus is prone to desiccation and lupines maintain a zone of moist soil around their taproots even during dry periods, we hypothesized that dry-season...
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PMID: 16761589
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We compared the sensitivity of seven different biological test methods, using bacteria (Vibrio fischeri), human FL cells, protozoans (Paramecium spp.), nematodes (Rhabditis oxycerca), aquatic plants (Lemna minor), and fishes (Leuciscus idus melanotus). As test substance we used a representative mixt...
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PMID: 16459144
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We verified 11 canine cases of Pelodera dermatitis in Finland. The cases were confirmed by identifying Pelodera larvae in scrapings. Biopsies for histopathology were obtained from three cases, and typical histopathological lesions (epidermal hyperplasia, epidermal and follicular hyperkeratosis, foll...
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PMID: 16987397
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We measured the biological activities of a selected sample (84 crude extracts) of 24 species eaten by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Kibale National Park, western Uganda, to assess their potential chemotherapeutic values. Antibacterial, antimalarial, and/or antileishmania a...
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PMID: 16419122
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An isolate of Myzocytiopsis vermicola, a holocarpic parasite of Rhabditis nematodes, was studied with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to follow development during infection, asexual and sexual reproduction. Nematodes became infected after attachment of apical cystospore buds to the nematode c...
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PMID: 16800299
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Oscheius tipulae is a common soil nematode of the same family as C. elegans (Rhabditidae), which presents the same hermaphroditic mode of reproduction and is easily cultured in the same conditions. Oscheius tipulae has been used as a developmental genetic model system to study vulva formation. Compa...
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PMID: 18050438
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The potential of the entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis indicus against Thrips tabaci was tested on foliage and in soil at three concentrations. Soil treatment was more effective than the foliar treatment. At 1.5 million nematodes/m2, nearly 70% mortality was achieved with soil application w...
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PMID: 17390799
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Folia Parasitologica (52)4 2005
Abstract
Rhabdias kongmongthaensis sp. n. is described based on specimens found in the lungs of the tree frog Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst) (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) from Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand. The new species is similar to two North-American species, Rhabdias ranae and R. americanu...
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PMID: 16405297
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Systematic Parasitology (62)2 2005
Abstract
Chabirenia cayennensis n. g., n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) is described from the teiid lizard Ameiva ameiva. A total of 139 worms were recovered, all females, from the mucous glands of the buccal cavity. The worm has a free-living phase in a homogonic life-cycle. Infective larvae are enclosed in...
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PMID: 16167123
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Microbiology (56)3 2005
Abstract
We use Photorhabdus temperata K122 to show that genes involved in iron acquisition play a key role during the course of the tripartite bacteria-nematode-insect interaction. We show that a strain carrying a mutation in a gene with homology to exbD, encoding a component of the TonB complex, is unable...
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PMID: 15819630
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We understand little about how these organisms disperse. We show in a laboratory setting that the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis marelatus is phoretically dispersed by a non-host organism, the isopod Porcellio scaber. These species both inhabit tunnels excavated in the roots and lower ste...
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PMID: 15766935
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We introduce a measure of biological complexity based on the similarity between developmental and computer programs. We define the algorithmic complexity of a cell lineage as the length of the shortest description of the lineage based on its constituent sublineages. We then use this measure to estim...
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PMID: 15650738
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 73-year-old Thai woman living in Mueang District, Saraburi Province, central Thailand presented with numerous hookworm-like nematodes, finally revealed as Diploscapter coronata, by fecal culture. The patient exhibited no significant clinical signs of the gastrointestinal or genitourinary systems,...
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PMID: 16438189
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the effects of P. nematophilus on H. megidis. The yield and quality (size, energy reserves, and storage survival) of IJs were not affected by co-culture in insects with P. nematophilus. Dispersal of IJs in sand and on agar was inhibited by adhering P. nematophilus sporangia: fewer than 2%...
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PMID: 15707868
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Twenty strains (including eight phase variant pairs) of nematode-symbiotic and insect-pathogenic Photorhabdus bacteria were examined for the production of proteolytic enzymes by using a combination of several methods, including gelatin liquefaction, zymography coupled to native and sodium dodecyl su...
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PMID: 15574931
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology Research (94)3 2004
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the action of Steinernema glaseri Santa Rosa strain and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora CCA strain as biological control agents of Boophilus microplus. Engorged females ticks were distributed on Petri dishes containing different concentrati...
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PMID: 15480784
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbial Ecology (48)3 2004
Abstract
We investigated what effect preconditioning on a range of bacterial substrates had on the subsequent chemotaxis process involved in the nematode locating other bacterial populations. Remarkably, we found that C. elegans, initially fed on a diet of Escherichia coli OP50, was significantly impaired in...
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PMID: 15692856
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbial Ecology (48)3 2004
Abstract
Endospore-forming bacteria, Paenibacillus spp., have recently been isolated in association with insect pathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis spp. Sporangia adhere to nematode infective juveniles (J3) and are carried with them into insects. Paenibacillus proliferates in the killed insect along with He...
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PMID: 15692861
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.