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Chloroflexi (1):
Recent article
Chloroflexi
Abstract
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Chemosphere (80)10 2010
Abstract
Carbon isotope fractionation was observed during dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,3,4-TeCDD) by a mixed culture containing Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195. Fractionation was examined when 1,2,3,4-TeCDD was added as the only chlorinated compound and when 1,2,3,4-TeCDD...
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PMID: 20638100
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Biostimulation and bioaugmentation have emerged as constructive remedies for chlorinated ethene-contaminated aquifers, and a link between Dehalococcoides (Dhc) bacteria and chlorinated ethene detoxification has been established. To quantify Dhc biomarker genes, groundwater samples are shipped to ana...
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PMID: 20545341
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Monitoring and quantification of organohalide respiring bacteria is essential for optimization of on-site bioremediation of anoxic subsurface sites contaminated with chloroethenes. Molecular monitoring and model simulations were applied to determine degradation performance of an in situ dechlorinati...
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PMID: 20540543
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Laboratory experiments were performed in discretely fractured sandstone blocks to evaluate the use of bioaugmentation to treat residual dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) tetrachloroethene (PCE). Significant dechlorination of PCE and growth of Dehalococcoides spp. (DHC) occurred within the fract...
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PMID: 20524648
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Bacteriology (192)12 2010
Abstract
Roseiflexus sp. strains were cultivated from a microbial mat of an alkaline siliceous hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. These strains are closely related to predominant filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs found in the mat, as judged by the similarity of small-subunit rRNA, lipid distributions,...
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PMID: 20363941
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A Dehalococcoides-dominated culture coupling reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene (PCE) to ethene to growth was enriched from a European field site for the first time. Microcosms were set up using groundwater from a chlorinated ethene-contaminated anaerobic aquifer in Bitterfeld (Germany)....
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PMID: 20507364
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe Thermosporothrix hazakensis strain SK20-1(T) belonging to the phylum Chloroflexi with a life cycle including a novel prokaryotic sporulation mode. Microscopic observations showed that strain SK20-1(T) formed multiple exospores per mother cell by budding in branched aerial mycelia. Althou...
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PMID: 20513961
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of genes that code for Dehalococcoides 16S rRNA and chloroethene-reductive dehalogenases TceA, VcrA, and BvcA was done on groundwater sampled from 150 monitoring wells spread over 11 chlorinated ethene polluted European locations. Redundancy analysis was used to relate molecula...
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PMID: 20008170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering (44)9 2009
Abstract
The influence of the sugar content of wastewater on changes in the characteristics of the retained sludge was investigated by using two lab-scale granular sludge bed reactors at 20 degrees C. Both reactors were inoculated with granular sludge grown at 20 degrees C and were fed with synthetic wastewa...
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PMID: 19799061
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEMS Microbiology Letters (294)2 2009
Abstract
Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 utilizes corrinoid-containing reductive dehalogenases to reduce the environmental pollutants tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene to ethene. Although corrinoids are essential for dehalogenation activity, strain 195 cannot biosynthesize corrinoids de novo. To i...
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PMID: 19341394
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that TCE dechlorinating bacteria can access the electrons required for TCE dechlorination directly from a negatively polarized (-450 mV vs. SHE) carbon paper electrode. In replicated batch experiments, a mixed dechlorinating culture, also containing Dehalococcoides spp., dechlorinated TCE to...
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PMID: 19160378
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two strictly anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from contaminated groundwater at a Superfund site located near Baton Rouge, LA, USA. These strains represent the first isolates reported to reductively dehalogenate 1,2,3-trichloropropane. Allyl chloride (3-chloro-1-propene), which is chemically...
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PMID: 19396942
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Extremophiles (13)2 2009
Abstract
The microbial communities of freshwater hot spring mats from Boekleung (Western Thailand) were studied. Temperatures ranged from over 50 up to 57 degrees C. Green-, red-, and yellow colored mat layers were analyzed. In order to detect the major components of the microbial communities constituting th...
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PMID: 19109691
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined the genome sequence of Thermomicrobium roseum DSM 5159. T. roseum DSM 5159 is a red-pigmented, rod-shaped, Gram-negative extreme thermophile isolated from a hot spring that possesses both an atypical cell wall composition and an unusual cell membrane that is composed entirely of long-c...
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PMID: 19148287
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Dechlorination of spiked 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,3,4-TeCDD) was investigated in sediment microcosms from three polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (CDD/F)-contaminated sites: River Kymijoki, Finland; Gulf Island Pond, Maine; and Lake Roosevelt, Washington. Dechlorinati...
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PMID: 18637963
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We prepared [14C]-labeled microbial products from biomass sludge obtained and bacterial strains (Pseudomonas sp. and Acinetobacter sp.) isolated from our pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) as tracer substrates, which probably represent the more realistic food source in the MBR. The quantitative M...
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PMID: 18939574
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Microbiology (10)10 2008
Abstract
Enrichment cultures capable of reductively dechlorinating 1,2,4-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,4-TrCDD) were shown to dechlorinate 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (1,2,3-TrCB) to 1,3-dichlorobenzene. To test if this activity can be used to enrich for dioxin-dechlorinating bacteria, a two-liquid phase cultiva...
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PMID: 18627411
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the distribution and activity of chloroethene-degrading microorganisms and associated functional genes during reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene to ethene in a laboratory continuous-flow column. Using real-time PCR, we quantified "Dehalococcoides" species 16S rRNA and chlo...
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PMID: 18676701
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that Dehalococcoides strains respond differently to oxygen exposure, and strains catalyzing the VC-to-ethene dechlorination step are more susceptible to oxygen inhibition. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis detected a 1-1.5 order-of-magnitude decrease in the number of D...
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PMID: 18754499
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) data taken from DET-containing mixed culture microcosms (4.4 x 10(8) DET 16S rRNA gene copies/mL) operated under continuous-feed conditions, with the aim of clarifying the relationships between pseudosteady-state abund...
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PMID: 18754354
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that approximately 30% of the SAR202 cells were taking up L-Asp throughout the water column while D-Asp was essentially not taken up by SAR202. This D-Asp : L-Asp uptake pattern of SAR202 cells is in contrast to that of the bulk bacterial and crenarchaeal community in the bathypelagic ocean...
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PMID: 18422640
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are prevalent groundwater contaminants that can be completely reductively dehalogenated by some "Dehalococcoides" organisms. A Dehalococcoides-organism-containing microbial consortium (referred to as ANAS) with the ability to degrade TCE to ethene, a...
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PMID: 18359838
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have studied the activity and composition of a tidal flat sediment bacterial and archaeal community from the North Sea exposed to low concentrations of PCE. After 2 weeks of incubation, PCE was rapidly dechlorinated via trichloroethene to dichloroethene (DCE). Unexpectedly, these microcosms produ...
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PMID: 18318716
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Photosynthesis Research (96)3 2008
Abstract
Molecular mechanics calculations and exciton theory have been used to study pigment organization in chlorosomes of green bacteria. Single and double rod, multiple concentric rod, lamella, and Archimedean spiral macrostructures of bacteriochlorophyll c molecules were created and their spectral proper...
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PMID: 18443917
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Competitive PCR and denaturing HPLC analyses together with an assay detecting potential polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) dechlorinating activities were combined with physical-chemical site characterizations to identify factors affecting the reductive dechlorination of PCBs in the three historically im...
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PMID: 18312399
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe the development of a Catalyzed Reporter Deposition-Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (CARD-FISH) for detection of Dehalococcoides cells in enrichment cultures using two oligonucleotide sequences which target two different lineages of Dehalococcoides as probes. Both sequences were previou...
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PMID: 18410973
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
"Dehalococcoides" bacteria can reductively dehalogenate a wide range of halogenated organic pollutants. In this study, DNA microarrays were used to monitor dynamic changes in the transcriptome as "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes" strain 195 transitioned from exponential growth into stationary phase. In...
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PMID: 18310438
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was coupled with reverse transcription (RT) to analyze both gene copy numbers and transcripts of the 16S rRNA gene and three reductive dehalogenase (RDase) genes (tceA, vcrA, and bvcA) as biomarkers of "Dehalococcoides" spp. in the groundwater of a trichloroethene-dense nonaq...
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PMID: 18326677
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Geobiology (6)2 2008
Abstract
We used morphological and molecular genetic techniques to reveal a diverse pioneer biofilm community including both archaea and bacteria involved in early colonization of such thermal niches at temperatures ranging from 46 to 77 degrees C. Sinter precipitation and biomineralization were evident at a...
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PMID: 18380876
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined pseudo-steady-state mRNA levels in Dehalococcoides-containing microcosms continuously fed PCE at various loading rates. We characterized gene transcript abundance of potential Dehalococcoides bioindicators of reductive dechlorination, including 16S rRNA, and genes encoding an annotated f...
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PMID: 18284140
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results indicate that TCE-dechlorinating bacteria were present naturally in the H2-based biofilm, and that enrichment for TCE-dechlorinating bacteria occurred. Dehalococcoides were documented in the MBfR biofilm before and after TCE feeding. Their proportion, quantified using the 16S rRNA gene...
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PMID: 18284150
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the dechlorination of 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran (1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) by a mixed culture containing Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195. The 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF was dechlorinated to 1,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran and 1,...
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PMID: 18284169
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering (43)1 2008
Abstract
A pilot-scale permeable reactive barrier filled with plant mulch was installed at Altus Air Force Base in Oklahoma, USA to treat trichloroethylene (TCE) contamination in groundwater emanating from a landfill. The barrier was constructed in June 2002. It was 139 meters long, 7 meters deep, and 0.5 me...
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PMID: 18161555
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A full scale UASB reactor treating the effluent of a malting plant was operated during nearly two years. During 37 weeks of operation the reactor worked with a COD removal efficiency of 80% and a biogas production of nearly 300 m(3)/d with a methane content of 77%. After the start up and during thes...
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PMID: 18401154
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Dehalococcoides species are responsible for the reductive dehalogenation of an impressive range of common, persistent environmental contaminants. These microorganisms are difficult to both obtain and grow in pure culture, and so are often studied while they exist in consortia using molecular techniq...
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PMID: 18077025
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Single-nucleotide primer extension assay for detection and sequence typing of "Dehalococcoides" spp.
Abstract
A single-nucleotide primer extension (SNuPE) assay in combination with taxon-specific 16S rRNA gene PCR analysis was developed for the detection and typing of populations of the genus "Dehalococcoides". The specificity of the assay was evaluated with 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from an isolate...
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PMID: 17993559
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Natural Product Reports (24)6 2007
Abstract
New microbial sources of natural products are urgently needed in order to find new structural classes and/or unique structural variations. Gliding bacteria, as found in the taxa Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria, include members whose secondary metabolism is hardly investi...
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PMID: 18033578
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Microbiology (45)6 2007
Abstract
Bacterial communities at 10 cm, 100 cm, and 200 cm depths in a 100-year-old lead-zinc tailing heap were evaluated by constructing 16S rRNA gene libraries. In total, 98 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from 193 clones at a 3% sequence difference level. The OTU number and species ric...
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PMID: 18176528
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A chlorobenzene reductive dehalogenase of the anaerobic dehalorespiring bacterium Dehalococcoides sp. strain CBDB1 was identified. Due to poor biomass yields, standard protein isolation procedures were not applicable. Therefore, cell extracts from cultures grown on trichlorobenzenes were separated b...
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PMID: 17933933
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We operated pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactors (MBR) treating real municipal wastewater for over 3 months and observed an interesting phenomenon that carbohydrate concentrations in the MBRs rapidly increased, which consequently resulted in membrane fouling, when relative abundance of the mem...
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PMID: 18075089
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined the effective diffusion coefficient for H(2) in the anaerobic granules to be 2.66 x 10(-5) cm(2) s(-1), which was 57% in water....
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PMID: 17905889
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose the names Bellilinea caldifistulae gen. nov., sp. nov., and Longilinea arvoryzae gen. nov., sp. nov., for strains GOMI-1(T) and KOME-1(T). The type strains of Bellilinea caldifistulae and Longilinea arvoryzae are respectively GOMI-1(T) (=JCM 13669(T) =DSM 17877(T)) and KOME-1(T) (=JCM 136...
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PMID: 17911301
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have identified and characterized the biological and mineralogical composition of mat-like biofabrics in two novel kinds of speleothems from a 50 degrees C geothermal mine adit near Glenwood Springs, CO. One type of structure consists of 2- to 3-cm-long, 3- to 4-mm-wide, leather-like, hollow, sod...
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PMID: 17693567
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Stable carbon isotope signatures of diagnostic lipid biomarkers have suggested that Roseiflexus spp., the dominant filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria inhabiting microbial mats of alkaline siliceous hot springs, may be capable of fixing bicarbonate via the 3-hydroxypropionate pathway, which...
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PMID: 17635550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
DNA-based microbial source tracking (MST) methods were developed and used to specifically and sensitively track the unintended aerosolization of land-applied, anaerobically digested sewage sludge (biosolids) during high-wind events. Culture and phylogenetic analyses of bulk biosolids provided a basi...
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PMID: 17513591
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results show that 2,3-DCP-grown cells do not produce TceA and that DET0162 is transcribed but its translation product is not detectable in cells and are consistent with PceA's being bifunctional, also serving as the 2,3-DCP RD. Chlorophenols naturally occur in soils and are good candidates for...
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PMID: 17513589
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Stable carbon isotope fractionation during the reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes by two bacterial strains that dechlorinate to ethene, Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195 and Dehalococcoides sp. strain BAV1 as well as Sulfurospirillum multivorans and Dehalobacter restrictus strain PER-K23, isola...
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PMID: 17626425
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Bacteriology (189)11 2007
Abstract
"Candidatus Chlorothrix halophila" is a recently described halophilic, filamentous, anoxygenic photoautotroph (J. A. Klappenbach and B. K. Pierson, Arch. Microbiol. 181:17-25, 2004) that was enriched from the hypersaline microbial mats at Guerrero Negro, Mexico. Analysis of the photosynthetic appara...
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PMID: 17369303
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Bacteriology (189)11 2007
Abstract
We show that in addition to BChl c, a small amount of a pigment that is spectrally indistinguishable from BChl a is present in cell extracts of "Ca. Chlorothrix halophila." Nevertheless, the BChl a-like pigment from "Ca. Chlorothrix halophila" has a different molecular weight and a different high-pe...
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PMID: 17369304
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Influence of vitamin B12 and cocultures on the growth of Dehalococcoides isolates in defined medium.
Abstract
We describe the growth of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195 in a defined mineral salts medium, improved growth of strain 195 when the medium was amended with high concentrations of vitamin B(12), and a strategy for maintaining Dehalococcoides strains on lactate by growing them in consortia. Although s...
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PMID: 17337553
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We detected three phylotypes within the microbial community that had the capability to dechlorinate PCB congeners present in Aroclor 1260 and identified their selective activities. Phylotype DEH10, which has a high level of sequence identity to Dehalococcoides spp., removed the double-flanked chlori...
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PMID: 17351091
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate reductive dehalogenation of chlorophenol congeners by Dehalococcoides strains CBDB1 and 195. Strain CBDB1 completely converted 2,3-dichlorophenol, all six trichlorophenols, all three tetrachlorophenols, and pentachlorophenol to lower chlorinated phenols. Observed dechlorination rates...
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PMID: 17438781
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Protein hydrolysis plays an important role in the transformation of organic matter in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants, but no information is currently available regarding the identity and ecophysiology of protein-hydrolysing organisms (PHOs). In this study, fluorescence in situ enzyme s...
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PMID: 17313663
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that anaerobic bacteria of the Dehalococcoides group derived from sediment of the Housatonic River (Lenox, MA) simultaneously dechlorinate 64 PCB congeners carrying four to nine chlorines in Aroclor 1260 in the sediment-free JN cultures. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the Deha...
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PMID: 17308182
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Vinyl chloride reductases (VC-RDase) are the key enzymes for complete microbial reductive dehalogenation of chloroethenes, including the groundwater pollutants tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene. Analysis of the codon usage of the VC-RDase genes vcrA and bvcA showed that these gen...
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PMID: 17308190
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results are generally supported by physiological studies of two new isolates. Based on the results obtained in this study, the potential role of filamentous Chloroflexi species in activated sludge is discussed....
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PMID: 17381520
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We obtained fractions with a approximately 60-fold enrichment in cyanobacterial and an approximately twofold enrichment in GNSLB biomass, respectively, compared with the mat itself. This technique was used to study the diel cycling and 13C content of the glucose pools in and the uptake of 13C-bicarb...
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PMID: 17222146
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Water Research (41)2 2007
Abstract
Temperature dependence of reductive trichloroethene (TCE) dechlorination was investigated in an enrichment culture (KB-1), using lactate or propionate as electron donors at a temperature interval from 4 to 60 degrees C. Dechlorination was complete to ethene at temperatures between 10 and 30 degrees...
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PMID: 17129596
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For sites contaminated with chloroethene non-aqueous-phase liquids, designing a remediation system that couples in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and microbial dechlorination may be complicated because of the potentially adverse effects of ISCO on anaerobic biorem...
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PMID: 17290967
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.