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Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections (6):
Recent article
Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections
Abstract
Clinical and radiologic improvement were observed after treatment based on a combined specific antimicrobial therapy and surgical drainage of epidural abscess. CONCLUSION: Spondylodiscitis and epidural abscess secondary to an acute nonsurgical vertebral fracture are rare manifestations. Microbiology...
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PMID: 20118833
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We present a case, in which an elderly woman presented with new onset radicular pain and mild leukocytosis more than a week after a complicated revision of an intrathecal catheter in place for management of chronic axial low back pain. Magentic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a posterior epidural a...
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PMID: 19207239
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We retrieved 25 files. Intracranial complications related to sinusitis involved largely men between second and third decade. No risk factor was clearly identified. Frontal and sphenoid sinuses were the most common site involved. Diffuse headache or two-step evolution headache and altered mental stat...
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PMID: 19382497
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Revista de Neurologia (48)3 2009
Abstract
Pediatric Anesthesia (18)12 2008
Abstract
Abstract
Our previous study showed that treatment with alpha-phenyl-n-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN) after exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reduced LPS-induced white matter injury in the neonatal rat brain. The object of the current study was to further examine whether PBN has long-lasting protective effects a...
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PMID: 18683243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Neurologic infections have a major socioeconomic impact because they result in prolonged hospitalizations, expensive diagnostic tests and treatments, and long-term debilitation or death in young patients. Though potentially curable conditions, the burden of undiagnosed infections remains high....
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PMID: 18838663
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although migraines are the most common cause of headaches in children, it is important to be cognizant of other, secondary causes of headaches. Secondary headaches are caused by an underlying etiology that may be systemic (medical) or due to a problem inherent in the central nervous system. Common i...
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PMID: 18765144
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Surgical Infections (9)5 2008
Abstract
The routine use of prophylactic antibiotics for ICP monitor insertion is not warranted. This practice does not reduce the CNS infection rate and is associated with more MDR pathogens in any subsequent infectious complications....
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PMID: 18687046
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic approaches to correlate the observed efficacy in vivo with plasma and tissue moxifloxacin concentrations. Death was significantly delayed for animals treated with a single dose of moxifloxacin compared to a single dose of amoxicillin. We observed rapid...
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PMID: 18573932
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Infection secondary to a dermal sinus most commonly occurs in the form of cutaneous, epidural, or subdural abscesses. Rarely, it can result in an intramedullary abscess as a result of a dermal sinus. This study presents a clinicoradiological profile of 19 cases harboring abscesses within the dermoid...
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PMID: 18827267
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a case of spontaneous subdural haematoma due to ruptured intracranial infectious aneurysm, presenting with bilingual aphasia and illustrating differential language recovery. A 62-year-old right-handed bilingual gentleman, with a diagnosis of infective endocarditis, developed headache and b...
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PMID: 18599195
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The course and outcome of epilepsy following central nervous system (CNS) infections has been poorly characterized. Likewise, the impact of antimicrobial treatment as well as other preventative and therapeutic interventions on the development of epilepsy following neurological infectious disorders h...
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PMID: 18754960
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The causal association between central nervous system (CNS) infections and epilepsy is predictable but poorly documented due to constraints in epidemiological, epileptological, and microbiologic methods. The large number of CNS infections with varied geographic distributions means that epidemiologic...
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PMID: 18754954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
CNS Spectrums (13)8 2008
Abstract
Abstract
We report that in mice C. trachomatis infection models, the expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP activated chloride channel, is up regulated together with increased cytokine release and tissue fluid accumulation that can be reversed by treatment with antib...
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PMID: 18462959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare, genetically determined encephalopathy whose importance from a clinical viewpoint is magnified because of the risk of misdiagnosis as the sequelae of congenital infection. Recent molecular advances have shown that AGS can be caused by mutations in any one...
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PMID: 18422679
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical Journal of Pain (24)5 2008
Abstract
Clinical Journal of Pain (24)5 2008
Abstract
We identified 5 culture-confirmed case-patients and 2 presumptive case-patients who had no bacteria recovered from cultures. The 7 case-patients were compared with 28 controls who underwent procedures at the same clinic but did not develop symptoms of infection. All confirmed case-patients had S. ma...
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PMID: 18496300
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present a case of a patient with chronic meningoencephalitis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus. We also summarise the clinical features and outcomes of cases of CNS infection caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria that have been described in the literature. Rapidly growing mycobacteria are notori...
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PMID: 18501854
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Journal of Fish Diseases (31)4 2008
Abstract
Acta Neurochirurgica (150)3 2008
Abstract
We found a relatively high percentage of EVD-related infections. After multivariate analysis there appears to be a relation with duration of drainage and frequent CSF sampling. As a result, a new EVD protocol is proposed in our institution that we believe will decrease the number of EVD-related infe...
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PMID: 18278575
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Serious viral CNS infections during childhood appear to be associated with the later development of schizophrenia and nonaffective psychoses. The association with specific viruses suggests that the risk is related to infectious agents with a propensity to invade the brain parenchyma....
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PMID: 18056223
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 59-year-old man was admitted for further investigation of headache. Neurological examination revealed memory loss, disorientation, and bilateral intention tremor. Legionella pneumophila antigen was detected in the urine. Brain magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted images showed marked hyperintensi...
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PMID: 18591853
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a rare case of probable Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection of the brain in a patient with AIDS who had been treated effectively for probable pulmonary and cerebral MAC infection, with both lesions recurring after significant decreases in plasma human immunodeficiency virus type-1...
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PMID: 18628585
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Parenteral ceftriaxone should be used as an initial alternative in the management of neurobrucellosis. Although the therapy should be individualized, the duration of therapy should be a minimum of six months with suitable antibiotics....
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PMID: 18520109
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Meningitis and meningoencephalitis were the most common form of neurobrucellosis in our patients. The most commonly-used antibiotics were combinations of rifampin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis of neurobrucellosis is wide. However, the disease...
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PMID: 18154418
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neurosurgical FOCUS (24)6 2008
Abstract
Postoperative infection after cranial surgery is an important phenomenon that needs immediate recognition. Even with strict adherence to sterile techniques and administration of antibiotic prophylaxis, a small percentage of these patients will develop an infection severe enough to require reoperatio...
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PMID: 18518740
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Correction is not necessary when using the white blood cell count as a parameter to predict CSF infection in ventricular CSF samples....
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PMID: 18601608
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is rare with less than 50 cases reported over the last 30 years. The retrospective melioidosis study at University Malaya Medical Centre has documented three cases of CNS melioidosis out of more than 160 cases of melioidosis sin...
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PMID: 17964168
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Neurological involvement is one of the most perplexing and diverse presentation complications of brucellosis, a worldwide prevalent zoonosis. This review presents the current knowledge available from medical literature and discusses the shortcomings of the existing data. A proposed regimen should in...
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PMID: 18039082
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Brain Research (1164) 2007
Abstract
We investigated whether activated protein C (APC), an anti-coagulant factor with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and cytoprotective activities, could reduce endotoxin-induced WMI in the developing rat brain. Intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5 mg/kg body weig...
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PMID: 17644074
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Infection is a serious complication of external ventricular drain (EVD) and various strategies have been adopted to minimize its occurrence. The use of an extended subcutaneous tunnel (50-60 cm) was previously described, but has since received little attention in the literature. The authors reviewed...
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PMID: 17676455
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Practical Neurology (7)4 2007
Abstract
Abstract
We describe three instructive cases of neurologic melioidosis that demonstrate the variable nature of clinical manifestations and disease pathology. The appropriate duration and choice of parenteral and oral antimicrobial therapy for neurologic melioidosis are also discussed.
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PMID: 17620641
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Child's Nervous System (23)7 2007
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Subdural empyema is not commonly diagnosed in the developed world, occurring mostly after meningitis, sinusitis, trauma or surgery. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of subdural empyema constitutes a neurosurgical emergency, and surgical treatment is usually required to drain the collection an...
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PMID: 17387492
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Epidemiology and Infection (135)4 2007
Abstract
The United States national mortality statistics and HIV/AIDS surveillance data were analysed to determine trends in encephalitis-associated deaths and to assess the impact of HIV infection on those deaths during 1979-1998, a period when ICD-9 codes were used for coding deaths in the United States. A...
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PMID: 16938142
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Over 6 years, 1667 children aged 2-59 months admitted for pneumonia [1287 severe and 380 very severe] were studied. The case fatality rate (CFR) in children with severe pneumonia was 2.1% and 14.3% with CNS infection, with very severe pneumonia the CFR was 18.9%, 10.4% in those with hypoxemia and 43...
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PMID: 17052818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurosurgery (106)3 2007
Abstract
This pattern of infection is best explained by EVD-associated CSF infections being acquired by the introduction of bacteria on insertion of the drain rather than by subsequent retrograde colonization. Elective EVD revision would be expected to increase infection rates in light of these results, and...
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PMID: 17367058
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The limited published data suggest that linezolid may be considered for the treatment of patients with CNS infections in cases of failure of previously administered treatment or limited available options....
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PMID: 17284501
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We had 17 cases of lung nocardiosis, being one out of them also a systemic disease. Other four cases of systemic nocardiosis were diagnosed: nocardial brain abscesses (one); nocardiosis of the jejunum (one); multiple cutaneous abscesses (one); and a case of infective nocardial endocarditis of prosth...
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PMID: 17823754
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroimaging (17)1 2007
Abstract
A case with multiple cerebral Whipple disease is reported. The neuroradiological evolution from multiple macrophagic encephalitis to diffuse cerebral infarct in this case is described.
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PMID: 17238875
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medicina Intensiva (31)6 2007
Abstract
In recent years, an increment of infections caused by gram-positive cocci has been documented in nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections. In diverse countries, a rapid development of resistance to common antibiotics against gram-positive cocci has been observed. This situation is exceptional in...
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PMID: 17663956
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We reviewed the medical and surgical management of brain abscess and compared the results of different methods of treatment. Treatment of brain abscess requires a combination of antimicrobial agents, surgical intervention, and eradication of the primary foci of infection. We believe that pathologic...
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PMID: 17056261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present a 46-year-old man with progressive visual disturbance and general malaise for 1 year. Endocrine studies revealed hypopituitarism, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a pituitary lesion with suprasellar extension. We attempted to excise the lesion using a transsphenoidal approach, but...
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PMID: 17113986
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Science Monitor (12)12 2006
Abstract
Neurobrucellosis may present with uncommon manifestations in children. Physicians should consider this in the differential diagnosis of a child with quadriplegia....
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PMID: 17136013
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This largest case series to date shows that direct instillation of colistin into the CNS may cause chemical meningitis or ventriculitis but it is an effective treatment option for MRAB CNS infection. Further study of dosing regimens is needed....
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PMID: 16916866
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the potency of highly purified lipoteichoic acid and muramyl dipeptide isolated from Staphylococcus aureus to activate primary cultures of rat microglia. Exposure of pure microglial cultures to lipoteichoic acid triggered a significant time- and dose-dependent production of pro-inflammato...
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PMID: 16879708
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study provides preliminary support for CBT in treating the PANDAS subtype of pediatric OCD. This approach is also considered a safe and minimally invasive treatment approach....
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PMID: 17003662
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present the results of a completed audit loop following introduction of an evidence-based protocol for their insertion and management. There were two phases over a 2-year period. Phase 1 was a retrospective audit of our EVD infection rate. Phase 2 was a prospective audit of the infection rate sub...
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PMID: 17129877
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The ability of different MRI sequences to depict characteristic findings suggestive of ventriculitis was compared. CONCLUSION: The study comprised 20 brain MRI studies in 13 patients who had a final diagnosis of ventriculitis. Both diffusion-weighted imaging and FLAIR imaging were equally...
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PMID: 16985156
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.