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Dehumanization (1):
Recent article
Dehumanization
Australasian Psychiatry (18)4 2010
Abstract
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Abstract
In January 2008, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (London, UK) issued two 1-year licenses for cytoplasmic hybrid embryo research. This article situates the HFEA's decision in its wider scientific and political context in which, until quite recently, the debate...
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PMID: 19085470
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The potential use of stem cells in the treatment of a variety of human diseases has been a major driving force for embryonic stem cell research. Another productive area of research has been the use of human stem cells to reconstitute human organ systems in animals in an attempt to create new animal...
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PMID: 19143409
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I argue here that both those who claim that particular types of human-nonhuman chimera research threaten human dignity and those who argue that such threat does not exist fail to make their case. I first introduce some of the arguments that have been offered supporting the claim that the creation of...
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PMID: 19143408
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Historical representations explicitly depicting Blacks as apelike have largely disappeared in the United States, yet a mental association between Blacks and apes remains. Here, the authors demonstrate that U.S. citizens implicitly associate Blacks and apes. In a series of laboratory studies, the aut...
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PMID: 18211178
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings (83)1 2008
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Abstract
Military Medicine (172)12 Suppl 2007
Abstract
We condemn. This article is an attempt to show how cognition of societies and individuals slowly changes during longer conflicts. Furthermore, it tries to summarize the possibilities we have to confront these tendencies....
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PMID: 18217244
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (46)Pt 4 2007
Abstract
Theories of dehumanization generally assume a single clear-cut, value-free and non-dilemmatic boundary between the categories 'human' and 'animal'. The present study highlights the relevance of dilemmas involved in drawing that boundary. In six focus groups carried out in Romania and Britain, 42 par...
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PMID: 17535452
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (46)Pt 4 2007
Abstract
This paper focuses on some of the issues that arise when one treats notions such as depersonalization, delegitimization and dehumanization as social practices. It emphasizes the importance of: (a) understanding depersonalizing, delegitimizing and dehumanizing constructions as embedded in description...
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PMID: 17535456
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Health Care Analysis (15)3 2007
Abstract
This article examines the assertion that human embryonic stem cells patents are immoral because they violate human dignity. After analyzing the concept of human dignity and its role in bioethics debates, this article argues that patents on human embryos or totipotent embryonic stem cells violate hum...
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PMID: 17922198
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychological Science (18)8 2007
Abstract
These results establish a link between disgust sensitivity and prejudice that is not accounted for by fear of infection, but rather is mediated by ideological orientations and dehumanizing group representations. Implications for understanding and reducing prejudice are discussed....
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PMID: 17680940
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recognising a diminution in his emotional response to patients' deaths, the author analyses in detail his internal reactions in an attempt to understand what he believes is a common phenomenon among doctors. He identifies factors that may erode the connection between patient and physician: an instin...
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PMID: 17470501
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review the relevance of the phenomenology of the body for health care and report the results of comparing Sally Gadow's phenomenological insights about body-self unity with a qualitative analysis of patients' accounts of satisfaction with the outcome of hand surgery. We illustrate the ways in whi...
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PMID: 17333378
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Dentistry is undergoing a subtle shift away from being a profession to becoming a business. The two cultures of professionalism and business are contrasted. Among the forces driving this change are the emphasis on esthetics in dentistry and the increasing inability of a large class of patients to ac...
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PMID: 18232578
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hastings Center Report (37)3 2007
Abstract
Psychological Science (17)10 2006
Abstract
Traditionally, prejudice has been conceptualized as simple animosity. The stereotype content model (SCM) shows that some prejudice is worse. The SCM previously demonstrated separate stereotype dimensions of warmth (low-high) and competence (low-high), identifying four distinct out-group clusters. Th...
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PMID: 17100784
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I argue that the concept of informed consent presupposes substantial duties to the dead, namely duties that reckon with the meaning of the act in question. An attitude of respect and not regarding human remains as mere raw material are non-alienable substantial duties. I found the ethos of Bodyworld...
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PMID: 17100007
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Linacre Quarterly (73)2 2006
Abstract
Abstract
The present research examines how awareness of violence perpetrated against an out-group by one's in-group can intensify the infrahumanization of the out-group, as measured by a reduced tendency to accord uniquely human emotions to out-groups. Across 3 experiments that used different in-groups (huma...
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PMID: 16737374
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
New Genetics and Society (25)1 2006
Abstract
The biotechnological revolution presents states and governments with a set of challenges that they have difficulty meeting. Part of the problem is associated with common perceptions of the speed, volume and the radical uncertainty of the new developments. Globalisation is also implicated, especially...
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PMID: 17312633
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The authors examined how a perceiver's identification of a target person's actions co-varies with attributions of mind to the target. The authors found in Study 1 that the attribution of intentionality and cognition to a target was associated with identifying the target's action in t...
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PMID: 16649854
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psicothema (18)1 2006
Abstract
Infrahumanization researchs have shown that people attribute their ingroup exclusively human features, for example, the ability to experience secondary emotions. This bias lead people to deny this ability to outgroup and, consequently, to infrahumanize them. However, it would have conditions in whic...
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PMID: 17296012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Medical Ethics (7)1 2006
Abstract
We should learn lessons from how human dignity came to be so distorted to avoid repetition of similar distortions. DISCUSSION : Social Darwinism was foremost amongst the philosophies impacting views of human dignity in the decades leading up to Nazi power in Germany. Charles Darwin's evolutionary th...
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PMID: 16536874
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The author looks at definitions of racism from the viewpoints of various theoretical frameworks, addressing the role of projection and other phenomena. Racism is then examined according to principles of psychoanalytic relational theory, attachment theory, and radical group analytic theory. Power rel...
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PMID: 16482963
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Problemy sotsial'noi gigieny, zdravookhraneniia i istorii meditsiny / NII sotsial'noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN ; AO "Assotsiatsiia 'Meditsinskaia literatura'." ()1 2006
Abstract
Abstract
The role of the prison has changed, in some ways dramatically, over the last two decades. The prison population has grown and its composition has altered. There has been an increase in the depth and weight of imprisonment, and a hardening of its emotional tone. Prisoners' voices have been silenced,...
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PMID: 16806471
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Unlike the bulk of penological scholarship dealing with managerialist reforms, this article calls for greater theoretical and research attention to the often pernicious impact of managerialism on criminal justice professionals. Much in an ideal-typical fashion, light is shed on: the reasons why cont...
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PMID: 16790276
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Stem cells are unspecialized cells able to divide and produce copies of themselves and having the potential to differentiate, i.e. to produce other cell types in the body. Because of the latter ability, the scientists investigate their possible use in regenerative medicine. Especially embryonic stem...
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PMID: 16528126
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture (16)3 2006
Abstract
The present article seeks to clarify the distinction between torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. The author argues that the decisive criteria for distinguishing torture from CIDT is not, as argued by the European Court of Human Rights and many scholars, the intensity of the pain or su...
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PMID: 17251647
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The concept of dehumanization lacks a systematic theoretical basis, and research that addresses it has yet to be integrated. Manifestations and theories of dehumanization are reviewed, and a new model is developed. Two forms of dehumanization are proposed, involving the denial to others of 2 distinc...
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PMID: 16859440
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Linacre Quarterly (72)4 2005
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Abstract
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Positions on the ethics of human enhancement technologies can be (crudely) characterized as ranging from transhumanism to bioconservatism. Transhumanists believe that human enhancement technologies should be made widely available, that individuals should have broad discretion over which of these tec...
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PMID: 16167401
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The transplantation of adult human neural stem cells into prenatal non-humans offers an avenue for studying human neural cell development without direct use of human embryos. However, such experiments raise significant ethical concerns about mixing human and nonhuman materials in ways that could res...
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PMID: 16149204
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Dental Journal (198)9 2005
Abstract
Whilst most adults with DS visited the dentist regularly, relatively little treatment had been provided. Parents highlighted a need for appropriate and timely oral health information early in their child's life, and access to dentists who were sympathetic, good communicators and well-informed about...
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PMID: 15895058
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We witness the rise of euthanatic thinking in our own day several generations removed....
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PMID: 15835091
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We seek help or guidance from authority figures, we are at a disadvantage politically even though we may be equal citizens theoretically and legally. Hierarchic relationships persist within democracies. Moreover, they tend to exist within a realm of privacy which is only partially visible from the s...
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PMID: 16475273
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ethics and medics (30)1 2005
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Medical Humanities (30)2 2004
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Linacre Quarterly (71)1 2004
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In bioethics as in the sciences, enormous discussions often concern the very small. Central to public debate over emerging reproductive and regenerative biotechnologies is the question of the moral status of the human embryo. Because news media have played a prominent role in framing the vocabulary...
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PMID: 15035916
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We have interviewed 29 clients. We have established four main categories: lack of attention, disrespect, discomfort, and irresponsibility. The results indicate that the lack of care/violence is a Power Problem related to disrespect, prejudice and/or discrimination due to a person's social/sexual con...
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PMID: 16047825
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Accountability in Research (11)3-4 2004
Abstract
Two camps in bioethics with seemingly opposing world views have staked out conflicting positions regarding the ethics of human reproductive cloning. These camps do not appear to share common concepts or ways of reasoning through which to exchange views and come to a meeting of minds about uses of th...
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PMID: 15812964
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Ethics and medics (28)8 2003
Abstract