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Social Distance (0):
Recent article
Social Distance
Abstract
The authors examined gender and racial preferential behaviour in 108 3- and 5-year-old Black and White girls. Children set up a birthday party for dolls that differed in gender and racial physical characteristics. Whereas White girls showed favouritism towards the doll most closely resembling themsel...
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PMID: 21592149
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
To evaluate the impact of a mental health elective on pharmacy students' perceptions and stigmatizing views of mental illness.
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PMID: 21519423
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pflege Zeitschrift (64)3 2011
Abstract
Abstract
We examined whether membership in different SCD-SCC groups differed by age and also was associated with differences in psychological well-being (PWB). Cluster analysis revealed five distinct SCD-SCC groups: a self-assured, unencumbered, fragmented-only, confused-only, and fragmented and confused gro...
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PMID: 22010361
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Urban Studies (48)8 2011
Abstract
For domiciled individuals, homeless people provide a disturbing reminder that all is not right with the world. Reactions to seeing homeless people frequently encompass repulsion, discomfort, sympathy and sometimes futility. This paper considers domiciled constructions of homeless peo...
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PMID: 21954486
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psicothema (22)4 2010
Abstract
In-group favouritism has become a variable of enormous importance in the study of inter-ethnic relations. According to current approaches, it can be understood as a tendency among the members of one group to favour or value the behaviour, attitudes, preferences or perceptions of their own group over...
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PMID: 21044550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use data from a nationally representative survey to test whether the relationship of stigma with contact remains after taking into account the effects of genetic beliefs and other background characteristics. Contact was defined as a history of psychiatric hospitalization among respondents themsel...
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PMID: 19823756
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The athlete's psychological profile is one of the most studied areas in sport psychology, but there is no consensus in this area. The purpose of this study was to elaborate and validate a scale to measure and classify athletes into a Idiocentric-Alocentric profile. The method was split in two phases...
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PMID: 20977049
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two hundred and twenty-six heterosexual participants (115 women and 111 men) were asked to indicate their attitude toward gender-roles, their perceived similarities with gay men, and their attitude toward gay men (i.e., sexual prejudice). As expected, male participants showed more sexual prejudice t...
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PMID: 20977032
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This article represents an empirical study of adolescent's self-relation in a family where the mother has re-married. In many studies self-awareness and its functional aspect--self-relation--are selected as new stages in adolescence. The family is considered to be the most important factor in a chil...
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PMID: 20977021
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychological Reports (107)2 2010
Abstract
For individuals with mental illness, others' perceptions of mental illness often limit integration into communities. Perceptions of mental illness manifest as social stigma in the form of social distance and may depend on individuals' attributions of the origins of mental illness. 180 university stu...
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PMID: 21117481
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychological Reports (107)2 2010
Abstract
Data from 70 classes and 1829 students over a period of 15 years were analyzed. Grade and attendance differences were analyzed for five different seating configurations: by row, by column, the front of the room versus the back of the room, the center of the room versus the perimeter of the room, and...
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PMID: 21117484
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Homosexuality (57)7 2010
Abstract
School-related factors contributing to the suicidality of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals are understudied, especially in German-speaking Europe. Among our Web-based sample of 468 Austrian gay or bisexual adults, 18% attempted suicide and about one half of them reported that hard times at sch...
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PMID: 20665326
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The results suggest that parental attitudes, group membership, and cross-group contacts explain the majority of variance (58%) in children's political attitudes. The findings provide a comprehensive account of the factors that influence children's political attitudes within a deeply divided society...
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PMID: 19906329
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (49)Pt 2 2010
Abstract
This study examined the effect of close and extended intercultural contact on attributions for behaviour of out-group members. Specifically, it was hypothesized that extended intercultural contact would enhance the ability to make external and culturally sensitive attributions for ambiguous behaviou...
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PMID: 19622198
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report results from a 4-condition, between subjects experiment (N = 112), wherein participants were exposed to either a virtual simulation of schizophrenia, a written empathy-set induction of schizophrenia, a combination of both the simulation and written empathy conditions, or a control conditio...
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PMID: 20531123
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Schools play a key role in transmitting attitudes towards sexual diversity. Many studies stress the importance of teachers' and other professionals' attitudes towards gay men and/or lesbian women. This study evaluates attitudes and prejudices toward homosexuality in a sample of 254 elementary and hi...
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PMID: 20480684
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Negotiators are often advised to seek win-win agreements by focusing on interests (primary features) rather than issues (secondary features), but whether such advice is valid remains to be seen. Consistent with construal level theory (Y. Trope & N. Liberman, 2003), Experiments 1 and 2 show that nego...
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PMID: 20438223
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychological Review (117)2 2010
Abstract
People are capable of thinking about the future, the past, remote locations, another person's perspective, and counterfactual alternatives. Without denying the uniqueness of each process, it is proposed that they constitute different forms of traversing psychological distance. Psychological distance...
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PMID: 20438233
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Despite the sociological and geopolitical significance of EU enlargement and opinion toward it, extant literature is lacking a theory of enlargement opinion and an examination of opinion in the wake of the 2004 enlargement. This paper fills these gaps by developing a symbolic defence of group positi...
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PMID: 20377600
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I address this issue by considering the possibility that CCTV might be seen by some homeless men and women as offering: a) a measure of enhanced security for those living in the streets and in shelters, and; b) to the extent that security is conceived of as a social good, the receipt of which marks...
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PMID: 20377597
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The authors present 3 experimental studies that build on moral disengagement theory by exploring lying in online environments. Findings indicate that, when e-mail is compared with pen and paper communication media (both of which are equal in terms of media richness, as both are text only), people ar...
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PMID: 20230078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
According to politeness theory (P. Brown & S. Levinson, 1987), politeness serves to both reflect and regulate social distance. On the basis of this notion and on construal level theory (N. Liberman & Y. Trope, 2008; N. Liberman, Y. Trope, & E. Stephan, 2007), it was predicted that politeness would b...
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PMID: 20085400
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The results further support the effectiveness of IOOV and indicate that graduate level helping professionals can benefit from anti-stigma programs. Future research should go beyond self-report knowledge and attitude evaluation, test the efficacy of the components of the IOOV program (video, contact...
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PMID: 20061261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An Inventory of Interpersonal Strengths (IIS) was developed and validated in a series of large college student samples. Based on interpersonal theory and associated methods, the IIS was designed to assess positive characteristics representing the full range of interpersonal domains, including those...
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PMID: 19947789
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although the community was relatively accepting of people with mental disorders, false beliefs and negative attitudes were still evident. Desired social distance was consistently greater for the person depicted in the psychosis vignette compared to the depression vignette. For both vignettes, the ma...
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PMID: 19305937
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
On the basis of the descriptions of the elderly people given in this study, we argue that these individuals will find difficulty in accepting and adapting to age-related loss of function since their self-esteem is so strongly associated with being productive and in control. Loss of control reveals t...
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PMID: 19519985
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychiatrische Praxis (36)7 2009
Abstract
The results of this study were somewhat sobering, with 22.3 % of the population not having any associations with the term "schizophrenia", 81.3 % not wanting to be further informed about the illness, and 64.1 % agreeing with the statement that patients suffering from schizophrenia are dangerous; com...
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PMID: 19724998
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Kinderkrankenschwester : Organ der Sektion Kinderkrankenpflege / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Sozialpadiatrie und Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kinderheilkunde (28)9 2009
Abstract
British Journal of Social Psychology (48)Pt 3 2009
Abstract
We need to examine how representations of 'race' are assumed, produced and contested in research practice. This argument is made by (a) showing how research in the area adopts everyday representations of 'race' as essentialized and (b) with an illustration of the construction of 'race' within my stu...
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PMID: 18817595
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (48)Pt 3 2009
Abstract
We also highlight that individuals without cross-group friends may perceive the outgroup as rejecting, feel anxious about cross-group interaction, and desire both conversational and physical avoidance of the outgroup....
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PMID: 19079951
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (48)Pt 3 2009
Abstract
Three experiments (N=370) investigated the effects of social categorization on the experience of empathy. In Experiment 1, university students reported their empathy for, and intentions to help, a student who described a distressful experience. As predicted, participants reported stronger empathy an...
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PMID: 19000358
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (48)Pt 3 2009
Abstract
This article has a joint focus on the way both psychological dispositions and matters of potential disability figure in interaction. The study works with a collection of more than fifty telephone calls between a young adult with a learning disability staying in a residential placement and three othe...
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PMID: 19019278
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose that this type of social cue understanding is a distinct process that should be differentiated from reflective social cue understanding and is specifically compromised in ASD. We discuss evidence for an underpinning neural substrate....
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PMID: 19642087
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results demonstrated that the patient group specialized primary nursing concept established at the Zurich University Children's Hospital is approved and that interdisciplinarity is important for the care of chronically ill adolescents....
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PMID: 19650034
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results were obtained with various psychological distance dimensions (spatial, temporal, and social), different tasks (classification and categorization), and different measures (speed of processing and selective attention). The authors argue that differences in the processing of pictures and...
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PMID: 19653798
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between self and subordinate ratings of leadership and the relationship between self and peer ratings of leadership for 964 managers from 21 countries. Using multilevel modeling, the authors found that cultural characteristics moderated the relationship between s...
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PMID: 19594231
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper deals with a study carried out in the framework of a course in a medium-term pavilion and in a psychiatric admissions unit. The aim of that study was to look at the effect of psychiatric institutionalization on the way subjects with mental illness perceive the stigmatization they are subj...
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PMID: 19642482
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of three versions of school-based stigma reduction programs against mental illness - education, education followed by video-based contact (education-video), and video-based contact followed by education (video-education). The participants, 255 students...
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PMID: 19282079
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A widely researched panacea for reducing intergroup prejudice is the contact hypothesis. However, few longitudinal studies can shed light on the direction of causal processes: from contact to prejudice reduction (contact effects) or from prejudice to contact reduction (prejudice effects). The author...
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PMID: 19309206
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The scientific literature on stigma has been confused because there are multiple components of stigma with different correlates. In order to make sense of this confusion, the present review focuses on research on the most commonly measured component: social distance. The review examines measurement...
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PMID: 19221907
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For both Asian American and Latinos, results indicated that higher levels of AFD were associated with higher psychological distress and greater risk for clinical depression, and that family conflict mediated this relation. CONCLUSION: AFD processes were associated with the mental health of students...
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PMID: 18663569
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
MMW Fortschritte der Medizin (151)7 2009
Abstract
Soins. Psychiatrie ()264 2009
Abstract
Abstract
In November of 2005, President George W Bush requested $7.1 billion dollars for a global influenza epidemic preparedness initiative (Brown, 2005). Preparation measures for a biological threat or influenza pandemic focus on rapid quarantine, vaccines, developing antiviral treatments, and economic con...
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PMID: 20437844
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nursing Philosophy (10)1 2009
Abstract
This paper explores the impact of the concepts of identity and difference on demented persons (especially on persons with Alzheimer's disease). The diagnosis of dementia is often synonymous with the assertion that demented individuals are no longer capable of making reasonable decisions. But rationa...
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PMID: 19154294
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nursing Philosophy (10)1 2009
Abstract
We do value the use of this label as an anti-discriminatory strategy, we believe that there is a need to examine how language and more specifically, the use of words such as disability, limitation, and impairment may create new forms of identities for women living with HIV. Using this legal case as...
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PMID: 19154296
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nursing Philosophy (10)1 2009
Abstract
From the Middle Ages onto the 19th century, following the trend set in leper hospitals, madness was to be hidden, secluded in dark places, far away from the mainstream of society. The emergence of the mad person, perceived as inevitably different, allows to make the boundaries between reason and fol...
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PMID: 19154295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
ObjectiveForces for modernisation appear to have led to role convergence and reduced social distances between doctors and modern patients. This review aims to document and understand this process in theory and practice, and to consider the implications for modern patients in particular but also non-m...
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PMID: 18789627
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Differences were found for engagement with "difficult" patients/families, with physicians more likely to distance themselves or refer to a psychosocial professional, while nurses were more likely to consult with a colleague. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Communication between health care team members is es...
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PMID: 19209401
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although prominent political agendas have placed a great deal of importance on building trust in postconflict areas, there has been a lack of empirical research on its role in areas of intergroup conflict. The authors conducted two studies to examine the relationship between trust and intergroup beh...
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PMID: 19106077
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychiatria polska (43)6 2009
Abstract
The stereotypes and sigma associated with mental disorders are frequently the main obstacles preventing early and successful treatment. Particularly in the case of schizophrenia, the burden of stigma often leads to chronic social impairment. In the paper, the prevalence of different...
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PMID: 20209878
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
PurposeTo determine whether exposure to disability and hearing loss narratives increased undergraduate communication sciences and disorders (CSD) students' affective responses to scenarios of individuals with hearing impairment. MethodThirty-five CSD undergraduates responded to 8 scenarios (K. Engli...
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PMID: 18840702
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (136)12 2008
Abstract
We measured the distances between patients and their socially defined contacts in northwest Bangladesh. Contact categories differ in mean distance to the index patients. Sixty-seven per cent of the high-risk contacts lived within 10 metres (m), while all low-risk contacts lived >10 m from the index...
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PMID: 18272012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (136)12 2008
Abstract
We developed a susceptible-exposed, but not yet infectious-infectious-recovered, and no longer susceptible (SEIR) deterministic model with a stochastic simulation component. We modelled the impact of control measures such as vaccination, antiviral prophylaxis and social distancing measures. In the a...
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PMID: 18272019
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There are some major differences in attitudes towards people with mental illness between mental health professionals in Switzerland and Brazil. With respect to therapeutic interventions, the different healthcare systems as well as the cultural differences seem to have an impact....
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PMID: 19085405
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We were also given access to police statistics and authorised to do our own analysis of the material. The most important result was that adolescents seemed rather to avoid than to be attracted to this open drug scene in Oslo. Based on the presentation of qualitative data we suggest that this was due...
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PMID: 18378132
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Value orientation makes a significant contribution to the prediction of social distance towards those with mental illness. Evaluation of value-based interventions to reduce such discrimination appears warranted....
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PMID: 19087483
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Previous research on the common ingroup identity model has focused on how one's representations of members of the ingroup and outgroup influence intergroup attitudes. Two studies reported here investigated how learning how others, ingroup or outgroup members, conceive of the groups within a superord...
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PMID: 18832337
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Perceived social norms are an important contributor to an individual's social distance to those with mental illness. Messages designed to influence perceived social norms may help reduce stigmatization of the mentally ill....
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PMID: 18575793
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.