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Ecological Systems, Closed (0):
Recent article
Ecological Systems, Closed
Fiziologiia cheloveka (36)4 2010
Abstract
Healthy volunteers' bone system investigation was performed before and after 105 days experiment in an isolated environment (MARS-105) using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Volumetric bone mineral density (VBMD), bone mineral density (BM...
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PMID: 20803959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
Abstract
In the unmanned experiment, the concentration of CO2 when a single canister was used reached 1% after 8 h, 2% after 22 h, and 2.5% after 37 h. With two canisters connected in sequence, the concentration of CO2 reached 1% after 48 h, while the pressure at the entrance to the canisters did not exceed...
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PMID: 19522368
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neotropical Entomology (38)4 2009
Abstract
Life-history parameters of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), an important pest of bean crops in Colombia, were determined in environmental control chambers on two dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars (cv.). Trialeurodes vaporariorum longevity on cv. Chocho decreased as...
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PMID: 19768261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Pressurized low-sized module Kontur with an independent life support system (LSS) was developed by the Institute of Biomedical Problems cooperatively with the Special Design Bureau of Experimental Equipment to house gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) aboard robotic technology-purpose spacecraft. Design...
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PMID: 20120910
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The best method to prevent fire incident in space vehicles and other habitable pressurized modules is reduction of atmospheric oxygen concentration (hypoxia). Atmosphere doping with argon may ease tolerance of this hypoxia by humans. Mental performance in Ag-N2-O2 atmosphere with various oxygen cont...
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PMID: 20120913
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Purpose of the investigation was to study feasibility to include solid and liquid human discharges in the turnover of bioregenerative life support systems for physical/chemical and biological treatment. Human exometabolites were mineralized by way of wet process in hydrogen peroxide in alternating e...
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PMID: 19621807
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The increasing frequency of ISS egress operations resulted in ISS air pollution by an uncharacteristic group of toxic compounds, i. e. propellant residues and products of propellant incomplete burning. High reactivity and toxicity of these compounds necessitated the development of a method of sanita...
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PMID: 19621805
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
[Current status of life support systems for cosmonauts and ways of their enhancement in near future]
Abstract
The paper reviews the results of efforts undertaken so far to develop three types of life support systems: fill-and-draw and physicochemical reclamation systems for space flights of up to one year in duration, and systems for more extended missions. The authors point to the engineering and logistica...
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PMID: 19621810
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Trends in the chemical composition of air revealed by the sanitary-chemical and toxicological investigations in multifactorial ground-based tests and long-term space flights aboard the Salyut- 6, 7, Mir and the International space station have been used to deduce the chemical characteristic and to s...
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PMID: 19711857
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The author describes a zeolite system for carbon dioxide removal integrated into a closed air regeneration cycle aboard spacecraft. The continuous operation of a double-adsorbent regeneration system with pCO2-dependable productivity is maintained through programmable setting of adsorption (desorptio...
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PMID: 19621802
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Water Environment Research (80)12 2008
Abstract
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are the preferred technology for the preliminary treatment of Early Planetary Base Wastewater (EPBW) because of their compact configuration and promising treatment performance. For long-duration space missions, irreversible membrane biofouling resulting from the strong at...
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PMID: 19146098
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Future long-duration spaceflights are now being planned to the Moon and Mars as a part of the "Vision for Space Exploration" program initiated by NASA in 2004. This report describes the design reference missions for the International Space Station, Lunar Base, and eventually a Mars Expedition. There...
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PMID: 18581950
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Bioresource Technology (99)6 2008
Abstract
Wastewaters from farm and composting operations are often rich in select nutrients that potentially can be reutilized in crop production. Liners of silverleaf dogwood (Cornus alba L. 'Argenteo-marginata'), common ninebark [Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.], and Anthony Waterer spirea (Spiraeaxbum...
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PMID: 17481890
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neotropical Entomology (37)5 2008
Abstract
We investigated the effectiveness of the stingless bees Scaptotrigona aff. depilis Moure and Nannotrigona testaceicornis Lepeletier as pollinators of cucumber plants (Cucumus sativus var. caipira) in greenhouses during the Brazilian winter season. The study was conducted in four greenhouses (GH), of...
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PMID: 19061034
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Development of acute hypoxic hypoxia in consequence of fire in various pressurized modules was studied. The investigation was aimed to look into the effects of inert argon and dramatic oxygen reduction in gaseous environment on animals (Wistar rats, mice c57bl/6, balb/c and f1cbaxbalb/c hybrids, Jap...
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PMID: 18714727
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The review has been undertaken within project Mars-500 supported by the Russian Academy of Sciences and aimed to make choice of a method and associated device for effective decontamination and warming potable water for humans during long confinement and isolation. Analysis of the literary data and p...
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PMID: 19140466
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology / Zhongguo sheng tai xue xue hui, Zhongguo ke xue yuan Shenyang ying yong sheng tai yan jiu suo zhu ban (19)1 2008
Abstract
With enclosed chamber system, this paper studied the effects of elevated CO2 concentration (ambient + 350 micromol x mol(-1), E(C)), temperature (ambient + 2 degrees C, E(T)), and their combination (E(CT)) on the nutrient accumulation and allocation in subalpine Betula albo-sinensis seedlings in wes...
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PMID: 18419065
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The need for a closed and sustainable water system in greenhouse areas is stimulated by the implementation in the Netherlands of the European Framework Directive. The Dutch national project Kasza: Design of a Closed Water System for the Greenhouse Horticulture will provide information how the water...
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PMID: 18725743
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We present a major outcome of that research: a comprehensive archaeological map of greater Angkor, covering nearly 3,000 km2, prepared by the Greater Angkor Project (GAP). The map reveals a vast, low-density settlement landscape integrated by an elaborate water management network covering>1,000 km2,...
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PMID: 17717084
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The performance of traditional techniques of passive localization in ocean acoustics such as time-of-arrival (phase differences) and amplitude ratios measured by multiple receivers may be degraded when the receivers are placed on an underwater vehicle due to effects of scattering. However, knowledge...
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PMID: 17672639
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Support of human life during long-distance exploratory space travel or in the creation of human habitats in extreme environments can be accomplished using the action of microbial consortia inhabiting interconnected bioreactors, designed for the purpose of reconversion of solid, liquid and gaseous wa...
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PMID: 17553734
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present the first systematic study of the response of insect "cold cells" to a variation in the partial pressure of water vapor in ambient air. The cold cells on the antenna of the stick insect respond with an increase in activity when either the temperature or the partial pressure of water vapor...
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PMID: 17392413
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The study had the objective of assessing the seasonality of Aedes albopictus and the impact of environmental factors on breeding sites in a protected urban area. Immature individuals were collected through fluid aspiration from nine tree holes, in the Ecological Park of Tietê in the city of São Pa...
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PMID: 17516004
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present results from an artificial marine outdoor rock pool system in which we investigated the factors of (1) local grazer richness and composition, and (2) connectivity of local patches to a regional species pool, and their effects on algal biomass. Local species richness of six grazers was man...
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PMID: 17489466
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Purpose of the experiment was to define the hypothesized margins of phenotype adaptation and genotype modifications of bacteria-fungi associations that form the typical microbiota on space vehicle materials. The fundamental questions to answer were whether the selected test-cultures would remain vit...
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PMID: 17682500
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Analysis of species diversity of the micro-fungi typically detected at the sites of biodamage of synthetic polymers on space vehicles exhibited the presence of a broad variety of opportunistic pathogens and toxic species. Thus, 78 species of micromycetes of 300 polymer destructing fungi are associat...
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PMID: 18350825
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We undertook experimental testing of this supposition with three algae communities: chlorella-chlamydomonas, spirulina-chlamydomonas and spirulina-chlamydomonas-clorella during accumulative cultivation. Investigation of their gas-exchange profiles made it clear that the assimilation factor of such p...
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PMID: 18350824
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Installation of a greens production system on the International space station will mean a leap toward biological regeneration of food in long-duration space mission. Today, priority is given to green cultures as supplements of space rations and a psychological support to crews in exploration mission...
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PMID: 18672522
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Swedish Navy has operated submarines equipped with air independent propulsion for two decades. This type of submarine can stay submerged for periods far longer than other non-nuclear submarines are capable of. The air quality during longer periods of submersion has so far not been thoroughly inv...
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PMID: 17075617
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We addressed the question of whether temperature and pressure would be maintained in the appropriate range for humans as well as plants. Energy flow and material circulation should be controlled to provide an artificial ecological system on Mars. In our analysis, we assumed that the greenhouse would...
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PMID: 17124127
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biology Letters (2)2 2006
Abstract
We document the relationship between the proportion of protected land and species richness in a region, both with and without taking spatial variation in environmental energy availability into account. Using the South African avifauna as a case study, we find that total and threatened species richne...
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PMID: 17148358
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study demonstrates that aerosolizing greenhouse watering systems may be contaminated with Legionella or Pseudomonas which under certain circumstances could become a potential source of infection for workers and visitors. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The study results indicate that gree...
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PMID: 16696671
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In these systems, the microbial communities were well-established 6 weeks after set-up and were resistant to biological and physical perturbation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The implication for microbial inoculation of such systems for disease suppression is that the micro-organisms would...
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PMID: 16696667
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biology Letters (2)1 2006
Abstract
We describe a preliminary, 6 year dataset that shows tightly coupled ENSO-related bio-physical dynamics in a seawater lake in Palau, Micronesia. The lake is more strongly stratified during La Niña than El Niño conditions, temperature anomalies in the lake co-vary strongly with the Niño 3.4 climat...
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PMID: 17148349
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude from these experiments that the effects of sediment resuspension on phenanthrene degradation are consistent with a primary role of average oxygen exposure, and also an alteration in the PAH-degrading activity of microbial populations....
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PMID: 16309739
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Plant Biology (8)1 2006
Abstract
We present the first evidence that an enclosed CAM-dominated soil and plant community exposed to a substantial day/night temperature difference (30/20 degrees C), exhibits a diel gas exchange pattern consisting of four consecutive phases with a distinct nocturnal CO2 uptake. These phases were modula...
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PMID: 16435279
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neotropical Entomology (35)6 2006
Abstract
We examined the effect and interaction of three temperatures (24.5, 29.5 and 34.5 degrees C), two diets (2% spray-dried blood plus 0.05% vitamins and corn syrup carrageenan) and three population densities (300, 400, and 500 flies/cage) on egg production, egg hatch, number of observable fertilized eg...
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PMID: 17273709
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will try to point out the ontological and the epistemological characteristics of the new ecology. These characteristics facilitate the integration of physicochemical, biological and human systems into a common framework. Indeed, system ecologists attempt to unify the inorganic and the organic wor...
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PMID: 17286040
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Research in Microbiology (157)1 2006
Abstract
MELiSSA is a bioregenerative life support system designed by the European Space Agency (ESA) for the complete recycling of gas, liquid and solid wastes during long distance space exploration. The system uses the combined activity of different living organisms: microbial cultures in bioreactors, a pl...
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PMID: 16431089
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Research in Microbiology (157)1 2006
Abstract
We review the growth requirements of these two types of photosynthetic organisms, with particular attention to their suitability for use in harsh Martian conditions, i.e. low temperatures, low atmospheric pressure, high CO2 concentration, high UV radiation and dryness....
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PMID: 16439102
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Research in Microbiology (157)1 2006
Abstract
The International Space Station (ISS) is an orbital living and working environment extending from the original Zarya control module built in 1998. The expected life span of the completed station is around 10 years and during this period it will be constantly manned. It is inevitable that the ISS wil...
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PMID: 16364606
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Research in Microbiology (157)1 2006
Abstract
Abstract
There are several experimental models of biological life support systems (BLSS) designed to incorporate a chlorella pool. These BLSS can be optimized if populated by algal associations that could take up more functions within the closed cycling system than a single alga species. Introduction of a Sp...
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PMID: 17357628
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The review is devoted to the effects on the human hearing function of noise generated by the life support systems (LSS). Based on the analysis of literature on testing the experimental and operational LSS of the Russian and NASA space vehicles and stations the authors conclude that the negative effe...
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PMID: 17193973
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recycled water can be brought up to the potable grade by adding minimal quantities of three soluble concentrates with the maximal content of inorganic salts. The authors present results of 3-year storage of potable water mineralized with makeup concentrates and analysis of potable water prepared wit...
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PMID: 17193977
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To get better appreciation of the margins of phenotypic adaptation and genotypic changes in bacteria-fungi associations within the typical microbiota residing on structural materials of space-flown equipment, developed were a program and hardware for a series of experiments under the general name BI...
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PMID: 17193961
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The factors of space flight provoke some negative shifts in crew health. Improvement of the methods of diagnostics, evaluation of predisposition to diseases and correction of functional deviations is within the scope of the crew medical operations personnel. It is also a new focus of biomedical rese...
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PMID: 16915809
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results support one of the theories according to which the human organism eliminates heavy stable isotopes of biogenous chemical elements....
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PMID: 17357626
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Baked ceramic aggregates (fritted clay, arcillite) have been used for plant research both on the ground and in microgravity. Optimal control of water and air within the root zone in any gravity environment depends on physical and hydraulic properties of the aggregate, which were evaluated for 0.25-1...
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PMID: 16173159
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Water Resources Research (41)8 2005
Abstract
We used a single-component, multiphase lattice Boltzmann code to simulate liquid configurations in two-dimensional porous media at varying water contents for different gravity conditions and measured gas diffusion through the media using a multicomponent lattice Boltzmann code. The relative diffusio...
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PMID: 16173154
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Astronautica (57)1 2005
Abstract
The Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA) is undertaking a multi-year research, planning and design study that is exploring near- and long-term commercial space development opportunities. The central goal of this activity is to conceptualize a scenario of sequential, integrate...
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PMID: 15900646
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (76)6 Suppl 2005
Abstract
The current enthusiasm over the prospect of space tourism and the belief among many that such civilian spaceflight is imminent are characterized herein. There are many concerns about screening and certifying passengers for future spaceflight. Efforts by several organizations to propose such screenin...
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PMID: 15943209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (76)6 Suppl 2005
Abstract
We examined some of these issues in a questionnaire survey of 54 astronauts and cosmonauts who had flown in space and in a 135-d Mir Space Station simulation study in Moscow. We also conducted a NASA-funded study involving missions to the Mir Space Station, where 5 U.S. astronauts, 8 Russian cosmona...
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PMID: 15943205
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (76)6 Suppl 2005
Abstract
We are more likely to detect problems early while they are still mild and resolvable....
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PMID: 15943206
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (76)6 Suppl 2005
Abstract
Confinement and isolation have always confounded the extraordinary endeavor of human spaceflight. Psychosocial health is at the forefront in considering risk factors that imperil missions of 1- to 2-yr duration. Current crewmember selection metrics restricted to behavioral observation by definition...
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PMID: 15943214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (76)6 Suppl 2005
Abstract
Space crews must be self-reliant to complete long-duration missions successfully. This project involves the development and evaluation of a network of self-guided interactive multimedia programs to train and assist long-duration flyers in the prevention, assessment, and management of psychosocial pr...
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PMID: 15943215
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gravitational and space biology bulletin : publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology (18)2 2005
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: To develop an experimental facility for reducing C2H4 produced by plants' growing in the controlled ecological life support system (CELSS). Method: Based on technical parameters and performance requirements, project planning, design drawing, fabrication, and debug were conducted. Then, an...
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PMID: 16161274
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.