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Hypnotics and Sedatives (0):
Recent article
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Abstract
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Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS-MS) was developed and validated for the first time for the simultaneous quantification of zopiclone and its metabolites in rat plasma samples. The analytes were isolated from ra...
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PMID: 21547427
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the effects of a general anesthetic dose of propofol on levels of phosphorylated tau in the mouse hippocampus and cortex under normothermic conditions. Thirty min following the administration of propofol 250 mg/kg i.p., significant increases in tau phosphorylation were observed at th...
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PMID: 21304998
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Lakartidningen (108)3 2011
Abstract
Lakartidningen (108)3 2011
Abstract
Abstract
Sedation for colonoscopy discomfort imposes a recovery-time burden on patients. The water method permitted 52% of patients accepting on-demand sedation to complete colonoscopy without sedation. On-site and at-home recovery times were not reported.
To confirm the benef...
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PMID: 21184876
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Critical Care Medicine (39)1 2011
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX; Precedex) is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist that produces anxiolysis and sleep-like sedation without narcosis or respiratory depression and has relatively few cardiovascular side effects. Given its favorable sedative properties combined with its limited effects on hemod...
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PMID: 20959781
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychiatry Research (184)3 2010
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZs), which are typically used as anxiolytics, act by modulating inhibitory signaling through gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA)(A) receptors. Functionally, the inhibitory effects of GABA may be counterbalanced by the excitatory effects of glutamate (Glu) as the two neurotransmitter s...
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PMID: 21055907
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Effects of phenobarbital (PB) on the levels of serum thyroid hormones such as total thyroxine (T(4)) and triiodothyronine were examined in male mice, hamsters, rats, and guinea pigs. One day after the final administration of PB (80 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, once daily for 4 days), significant decrease...
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PMID: 20932986
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To assess sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of premedication with a medetomidine-buprenorphine or acepromazine-buprenorphine combination in dogs anesthetized with propofol and isoflurane.
Randomized controlled clinical trial.
90 dogs undergoing routine surgical and diagnostic procedures.
Dogs wer...
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PMID: 21155682
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To determine whether sublingual detomidine gel administration to horses would be effective in providing an appropriate degree of sedation and restraint to facilitate completion of veterinary and husbandry procedures under field conditions.
Multicenter, prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-contr...
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PMID: 21155687
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Critical Care Medicine (38)12 2010
Delirium duration and mortality in lightly sedated, mechanically ventilated intensive care patients.
Abstract
To determine the relationship between the number of delirium days experienced by intensive care patients and mortality, ventilation time, and intensive care unit stay.
Prospective cohort analysis.
Patients from 68 intensive care units in five countries.
Three hundred fifty-four medical and surgical...
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PMID: 20838332
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Critical Care Medicine (38)12 2010
Abstract
Abstract
To determine efficacy of a protocol for managing urethral obstruction (UO) in male cats without urethral catheterization.
Clinical trial.
15 male cats with UO in which conventional treatment had been declined.
Laboratory testing and abdominal radiography were performed, and cats with severe metaboli...
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PMID: 21118011
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain research (1360) 2010
Abstract
We investigated the effect of GABA(A)-receptor modulation (augmentation with 16μM etomidate and blockade with 100μM picrotoxin) on low-magnesium seizure-like events (SLEs) in mouse cortical slices. In WT slices, picrotoxin enhanced both the amplitude (49% increase, p=0.0006) and frequency (37% inc...
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PMID: 20831861
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of DEX for sedation in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery.
Data were collected retrospectively from 49 patients admitted to the ICU after cerebral aneurysm surgery who were allocated into two groups: non-DEX(nDEX, n = 25) and DEX (n = 24).
In the nDEX group, two pa...
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PMID: 21077308
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Harvard Health Letter (36)1 2010
Abstract
Abstract
We suggest that there is a need for a broader discussion about the recommendations for CDS, with a special focus on the needs of patients with progressive neurodegenerative disorders....
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PMID: 21135785
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psicothema (22)4 2010
Abstract
This work identifies which psychosocial, clinical and perceived health status factors predict health-resource use in Fibromyalgia (FM), considering the patients' assistance level. Participants were 315 FM patients from Primary Care (PC: n=101) and Rheumatology Services (RS: n=214). Stepwise regressi...
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PMID: 21044477
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Nocturnal sleep disturbances, including insomnia and recurrent nightmares, represent common distressing sleep complaints that might have important prognostic and therapeutic implications in psychiatric patients. The present study aimed at investigating nocturnal sleep disturbances in relation to the...
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PMID: 21114949
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bucolome N-glucuronide (BCP-NG), a major metabolite of bucolome (BCP), is the first unique N-glucuronide of barbituric acid derivatives to be reported. The purpose of the present study was to identify the UGT isoform(s) responsible for BCP-NG formation in rats. A pharmacokinetic study of BCP and the...
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PMID: 21155392
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
MMW Fortschritte der Medizin (152)40 2010
Abstract
Abstract
Sequential therapeutic trials for catatonoid frontal signs in clinically-evident frontotemporal dementia (n = 2) revealed differential benefits for lorazepam, amantadine, memantine, pramipexole, aripiprazole, quetiapine, citalopram, and donepezil, although certain signs also worsened. Citalopram and...
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PMID: 20859826
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Affective Disorders (126)1-2 2010
Abstract
In the period 2004-2006, 15 doctors in the Danish municipality of Lemvig introduced a more restrictive approach to the prescription of benzodiazepines and cyclopyrrolones. A prescription could be renewed only following personal consultation, and prescriptions were issued for only a single month's us...
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PMID: 20413161
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Dermatologic Clinics (28)4 2010
Abstract
Vulvar pruritus is a common and distressing condition for patients, and its presentation is often delayed and complicated by home remedies. The true prevalence cannot be accurately estimated. Vulvar pruritus is a symptom, and an underlying cause must be sought and not assumed. This is best accomplis...
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PMID: 20883911
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pediatric Emergency Care (26)10 2010
Abstract
Pediatric emergency physicians use various techniques and medications when performing procedural sedation and analgesia. The goals of our study were to assess US pediatric emergency medicine subspecialists and fellows (PEMSSFs) for individual practice variation and to evaluate (1) the use of supplem...
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PMID: 20881903
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Midazolam in an autoinjector was evaluated in an open-label dose escalation study involving 39 healthy participants. Safety and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for doses ranging from 5 to 30 mg. No serious adverse events were noted during the study. Two participants (30 mg) experienced ch...
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PMID: 20466872
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Revue medicale suisse (6)261 2010
Abstract
Propofol is progressively replacing benzodiazepines for sedation during endoscopy, even when the sedation is administered by non-anesthesiologists. Propofol ensures a more rapid induction of sedation and recovery and, in certain conditions, higher patient satisfaction and improved quality of endosco...
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PMID: 20939396
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study compared immobilization of gemsbok (Oryx gazella) using thiafentanil-xylazine (TX) versus carfentanil-xylazine (CX). Twelve adult gemsboks were divided into two groups, TX and CX. Each group received either 6 mg thiafentanil (0.036 microg/kg (0.032-0.040 microg/kg) and 20 mg xylazine (TX)...
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PMID: 20945664
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Histamine plays a key role in physiological processes through its interaction with H(1-4) histamine receptors. The H(1) receptor is a key element in the pathophysiology of allergic responses. H(1) antihistamine use is a key strategy for therapy in allergy.
Several new chemical entities with improved...
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PMID: 20716024
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A recently completed study quantified the percent of fentanyl or morphine sulfate lost to uncoated polyvinylchloride (PVC) tubing or to one of two hollow fiber oxygenators within the extracorporeal life support (ECLS) circuit. The results demonstrated the majority of drug loss was due to adsorption...
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PMID: 21114222
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Affective Disorders (125)1-3 2010
Abstract
I describe, as a first-person narrative, my own experience of psychotic mania, which was suspected to have been induced by the tricyclic antidepressant, dosulepin. I have had a 16-year history of depression and was receiving sertraline 50 mg od when I was prescribed, off licence, dosulepin 25 mg 1-2...
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PMID: 20570368
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Anesthesia & Analgesia (111)3 2010
Abstract
We report onset and duration of ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block using 1 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine per nerve (total local anesthetic volume 4 mL). Block performance time, block onset time, duration of surgery, and block duration were measured. Seventeen consecutiv...
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PMID: 20686008
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Owing to advances in MRI and its crucial role in the diagnosis of various diseases, deep sedation or anaesthesia for MRI in children is requested increasingly. According to current guidelines maximum patient safety and welfare has to be ensured. Recently different sedation regimens comparing effecti...
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PMID: 20531170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Danish medical bulletin (57)8 2010
Abstract
The mean cumulated phenobarbital dose at the time of the blood sampling was 877 mg +/- 557 mg, while the mean plasma phenobarbital concentration was 104 micromol/l +/- 62 micromol/l. A statistically significant linear correlation between phenobarbital dose and concentration was found for both males...
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PMID: 20682131
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Danish medical bulletin (57)8 2010
Abstract
Length of DT and hospitalization, mortality and rate of pneumonia (26%) were not affected by treatment. A subpopulation (9%) in the diazepam group was resistant to treatment. Respiratory depression occurred in 4% of the phenobarbital and in 1% of the diazepam-treated patients. Wernicke's encephalopa...
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PMID: 20682133
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Australasian Psychiatry (18)4 2010
Abstract
The Psychiatric Emergency Care Centre (PECC) is a relatively recent service development that aims to improve emergency care of psychiatric patients. The goal of this paper was to report on the characteristics of admissions to a recently established PECC.
Several key characteristics of admissions to...
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PMID: 20645898
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Insomnia and sleep problems are common with many sufferers seeking medical help from general practitioners (GPs) whose clinical response is limited, often involving prescription of hypnotic drugs. The case for improving the quality of care for patients with insomnia is compelling but there is little...
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PMID: 20545802
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The present findings suggest that the systemic administration of PRF induces a wide spectrum of behavioural alterations in rats, consistent with the putative existence of hypnosedative, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic compounds....
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PMID: 20663041
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Categorical measures of lorazepam sleepiness and dizziness were modeled to identify differences in pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters between these adverse events (AEs). Differences in data-derived PD parameters were compared with relative incidence rates in the drug label (15.7% and 6....
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PMID: 20213833
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In-flight stimulants decrease fatigue during combat operations without significant postflight symptoms. During combat, stimulants were used earlier, at lower doses, and on shorter sorties than previously thought. The factors associated with stimulant use are potentially modifiable by improving train...
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PMID: 20681231
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Pharmacology (78)2 2010
Abstract
We previously identified spinophilin as a regulator of alpha(2) adrenergic receptor (alpha(2)AR) trafficking and signaling in vitro and in vivo (Science 304:1940-1944, 2004). To assess the generalized role of spinophilin in regulating alpha(2)AR functions in vivo, the present study examined the impa...
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PMID: 20430865
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sleep in older adults with Alzheimer's disease can often be extremely fragmented, thus disturbing normal sleep-wake rhythms. This poor-quality sleep is challenging for caregivers and frequently results in admitting older adults to long-term care institutions. Many variables, such as genes, medicatio...
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PMID: 20804113
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review and compare the use of traditional and new stimulants in the treatment of EDS. For the treatment of cataplexy and automatic behaviors, serotonergic and noradrenergic agents are considered. The role of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is also explored in its ability to reduce daytime sleepiness...
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PMID: 20426704
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Harvard Health Letter (35)9 2010
Abstract
Pharmaceutical Biology (48)7 2010
Abstract
These results suggest that polygalasaponin possesses evident anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities and has a relatively safe dose range, which supports the use of Polygala tenuifolia root as an anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic drug in folk medicine....
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PMID: 20645780
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We aimed to assess the sedative effects of midazolam and dexmedetomidine and their effects on hemodynamics and the cardiovascular system under epidural anesthesia.
This study included 50 patients. Approval of the ethics committee and written consent from patients were obtained. The patients were sep...
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PMID: 20865584
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Benzodiazepine (BDZ) and non-benzodiazepine (NBDZ) hypnotics enhance GABAergic transmission and are widely used for the treatment of insomnia. In the pontine reticular formation (PRF), GABA inhibits rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and acetylcholine (ACh) release. No previous studies have characterized...
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PMID: 20614851
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although statistically significant values were not detected between the two groups with regard to mean arterial pressure, in Group I heart rates were higher and S(pO2) scores were lower in a statistically significant manner. When the groups were compared with regard to RSS, the RSS scores of Group I...
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PMID: 20531094
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Minerva anestesiologica (76)7 2010
Abstract
Minerva anestesiologica (76)7 2010
Abstract
We found high but comparable propofol requirements in both groups (PLUG 4.4+/-1.2 vs. noPLUG 4.2+/-1.0 mg kg-1 h-1, p=NS). The incidence of intraoperative awareness was lower in the PLUG compared to the noPLUG group (16 vs. 56%; P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Although no sedative-sparing effect could be foun...
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PMID: 20613691
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Intensive Care Medicine (36)7 2010
Abstract
Intensive Care Medicine (36)7 2010
Abstract
Critical Care Medicine (38)7 2010
Abstract
Abstract
We investigated the effect of haloperidol and azaperone in drive-net captured Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica). Both tranquilizers have been successfully used in a wide range of wild species for reducing postcapture stress response. During 2005, 39 free-ranging chamois were captured, randomly...
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PMID: 20688698
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
La Revue du praticien (60)6 Suppl 2010
Abstract
Seventy-six participants completed the questionnaire during both conferences, and 55 adults were followed-up at 1 and 3 months; 58% (n = 43) were aged over 60, and women represented 65% (n = 48) of the participants; 63% (n = 46) reported insomnia, out of which 89% complained of chronic insomnia (26%...
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PMID: 20623917
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Static axial measurements of RGA did not change with increasing dose of dexmedetomidine. Most sagittal airway dimensions demonstrated clinically modest, although statistically significant, reductions with high dose compared to low dose dexmedetomidine. Although, the dynamic changes in nasopharyngeal...
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PMID: 20412456
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Three thousand five hundred twenty-two (3522) children received dexmedetomidine sedation between May 1, 2007 and December 31, 2008 for magnetic resonance imaging studies. Median age was 3.6 years (interquartile range: 1.8-5.9). A total of 172 patients (4.9%) developed hypertension, with a higher inc...
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PMID: 20412458
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.