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Light Signal Transduction (1):
Recent article
Light Signal Transduction
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Abstract
We now report that ipRGCs are more abundant and diverse than previously appreciated, project more widely within the brain, and can support spatial visual perception. A Cre-based melanopsin reporter mouse line revealed at least five subtypes of ipRGCs with distinct morphological and physiological cha...
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PMID: 20624591
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)28 2010
Abstract
We discovered a novel synaptic interaction between Arr1 and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) that is enhanced in a dark environment when mouse photoreceptors are depolarized and the rate of exocytosis is elevated. In the photoreceptor synapse, NSF functions to sustain a higher rate of exocyto...
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PMID: 20631167
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Along the evolutionary path from single cells to multicellular organisms with a central nervous system are species of intermediate complexity that move in ways suggesting high-level coordination, yet have none. Instead, organisms of this type possess many autonomous cells endowed with programs that...
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PMID: 20534560
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (Washington) (49)23 2010
Abstract
The bacterium Caulobacter crescentus encodes a two-component signaling protein, LovK, that contains an N-terminal photosensory LOV domain coupled to a C-terminal histidine kinase. LovK binds a flavin cofactor, undergoes a reversible photocycle, and displays regulated ATPase and autophosphorylation a...
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PMID: 20459101
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We observe that the voltage dependence of block of a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel by a series of intracellular quaternary ammonium blockers, which are too bulky to traverse the narrow ion selectivity filter, gradually vanishes with extreme depolarization, a predicted feature of the extrinsic volt...
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PMID: 20100894
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Over the brief time intervals available for processing retinal output, the number of spikes generated by individual ganglion cells can be quite variable. Here, two examples of extreme synergy are used to illustrate how realistic long-range spatiotemporal correlations can greatly improve the quality...
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PMID: 20377298
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Vision (16) 2010
Abstract
Mouse retinal structure is maintained in retina-RPE organ cultures. The RPE in organ cultures produces sufficient amounts of 11-cis retinal to promote cone development and support signal transmission in the rod pathway. Organ cultures may be a powerful low-throughput screening tool to identify novel...
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PMID: 20664685
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show here that rectifying (nonlinear) synaptic currents, when combined thorough crossover inhibition can generate this linear signaling. Using simple mathematical models we show that for a large set of cases, repeated rounds of synaptic rectification without crossover inhibition can destroy infor...
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PMID: 19636690
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (Washington) (48)32 2009
Abstract
We construct LOV2 domains with (LOV-Jalpha) and without (LOV-core) the Jalpha helix for Arabidopsis phot1 and phot2 and Adiantum neochrome 1 and compare their light-induced difference FTIR spectra. Light-induced protein structural changes differ significantly between LOV-Jalpha and LOV-core for Arab...
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PMID: 19601589
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Accumulation of epidemiological evidence has accelerated in recent years, reflected in an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classification of shift work as a probable human carcinogen (2A). There is also a strong rodent model in support of the light-at-night (LAN) idea. CONCLUSION:...
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PMID: 19380369
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
The Journal of Chemical Physics (130)20 2009
Abstract
By means of integrated and dispersed IR photon echo measurement methods, the vibrational dynamics of C-N stretch modes in 4-cyanophenol and 4-cyanophenoxide in methanol is investigated. The vibrational frequency-frequency correlation function (FFCF) is retrieved from the integrated photon echo signa...
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PMID: 19485459
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (29)18 2009
Abstract
We investigate (1) how far differences in the capacity for temporal integration underlie such differences in sensitivity and (2) whether the response kinetics of the rod photoreceptors can explain temporal integration at the behavioral level. The toad was studied as a model that allows experimentati...
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PMID: 19420240
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Der Ophthalmologe (106)4 2009
Abstract
The evolution of light sensitive cells probably began with a primitive functional unit composed of a photoreceptor cell and a pigmented cell. Even during embryonic development this functional unit is formed in a differentiation process in which the two interacting partners depend on each other. For...
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PMID: 19343352
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Physical Review E (79)3 Pt 1 2009
Abstract
We compute here the mean time for a Brownian particle to hit a small target placed on the surface of a narrow cylinder. We then use this result to estimate the rate constant of cyclic-GMP (cGMP) hydrolysis by the activated enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE) in the narrow microdomains that build up the o...
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PMID: 19391893
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We designed an experimental setup consisting of optical devices for automatic video image acquisition and computer-controlled light stimulation, and developed algorithms to analyze physiological responses of the cells. Cells are categorized as motile and nonmotile by a classification scheme based on...
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PMID: 19256655
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined whether they contribute to photic regulation of DA in the retina as assayed by the ratio of DA with its primary metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and by c-fos induction in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-labelled DA amacrine cells. Light treatment (approximately 0.7 log W/m...
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PMID: 19200071
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying circadian rhythmicity within the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus has two light-sensitive components, namely the clock genes Per1 and Per2. Besides, light induces the immediate-early gene c-fos. In adult rats, expression of all three genes is induce...
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PMID: 19222559
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Marmoset photoreceptor development was studied to determine the expression sequence for synaptic, opsin, and phototransduction proteins. All markers appear first in cones within the incipient foveal center or in rods at the foveal edge. Recoverin appears in cones across 70% of the retina at fetal da...
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PMID: 19003975
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will describe the current knowledge about cephalopod phototransduction. Light excites cephalopod photoreceptors by either inducing Ca2+ release from intracellular stores or activating cation-permeable channels by an as yet unknown mechanism. A 92 kDa protein, which is homologous to the Drosophila...
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PMID: 19482705
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (Washington) (47)52 2008
Abstract
We designed two point mutations, Q513L and Q513N, and monitored the effects on the chromophore and protein using a combination of UV-visible absorbance and circular dichroism spectroscopy, limited proteolysis, and solution NMR. The results show that these mutations significantly dampen the changes b...
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PMID: 19063612
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Genetics (87)5 2008
Abstract
We report for the first time that CKI activity undergoes a significant circadian rhythm in the SCN (peaking at circadian time 12, the start of the subjective night), and its pharmacological inhibition alters photic entrainment of the clock, indicating that CKI may be a key element in this pathway....
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PMID: 19147935
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide evidence in mice that TSH participates in this photoperiodic signal transduction. Although most mouse strains are considered to be nonseasonal, a robust photoperiodic response comprising induced expression of TSHB (TSH beta subunit), CGA (TSH alpha subunit), and DIO2, and reduced expressi...
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PMID: 19015516
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biophysical Journal (95)10 2008
Abstract
BLUF domains constitute a recently discovered class of photoreceptor proteins found in bacteria and eukaryotic algae. BLUF domains are blue-light sensitive through a FAD cofactor that is involved in an extensive hydrogen-bond network with nearby amino acid side chains, including a highly conserved t...
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PMID: 18708458
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We measured the expression levels of thousands of genes in order to investigate their roles in phototransduction signaling in light-induced retinal degeneration using DNA microarray technology and then further explored the gene network using pathway analysis tools. Several cascades of gene component...
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PMID: 18985007
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Plant Physiology (148)3 2008
Abstract
We have focused on acceleration of flowering in response to vegetative shade, a condition that is perceived as a decrease in the ratio of red to far-red radiation. We have investigated the contributions of several known flowering-time pathways to this acceleration. The vernalization pathway promotes...
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PMID: 18790998
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assessed the state of SCN oscillators using markers for neuronal activity (c-FOS) and the clock protein (PER1) in Syrian hamsters housed in long (LD, 16 : 8 h light : dark) vs. short days (SD, 8 : 16 h light : dark). During SD, there was no detectable phase dispersion across the rostrocaudal exte...
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PMID: 19046391
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified the first-order interneurons downstream of the chromatic channels. Serial EM revealed that small-field projection neurons Tm5 and Tm9 receive direct synaptic input from R7 and R8, respectively, and indirect input from R1-R6, qualifying them to function as color-opponent neurons. Wide-f...
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PMID: 18957224
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (283)42 2008
Abstract
HAMP domains (conserved in histidine kinases, adenylyl cyclases, methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, and phosphatases) perform their putative function as signal transducing units in diversified environments in a variety of protein families. Here the conformational changes induced by environmental...
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PMID: 18697747
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the phototransduction cascade of a prebilaterian box jellyfish, the most basal animal having eyes containing lens and ciliary-type visual cells similar to vertebrate eyes, to examine the similarity at the molecular level and to obtain an implication of the origin of the vertebrate ph...
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PMID: 18832159
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Vision Research (48)23-24 2008
Abstract
We discovered a novel C312A transversion in exon 2 of the human GUCA1A gene, replacing Asn-104 (N104) in GCAP1 with Lys (K), in two affected members of a family with dominant cone dystrophy. The mutation N104K is located in the third EF-hand motif (EF3) shown previously to be instrumental in convert...
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PMID: 18706439
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Neuroscience (11)9 2008
Abstract
We found that the direct photic regulation of sleep in mice is predominantly mediated by melanopsin (OPN4)-based photoreception of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs). Moreover, OPN4-dependent sleep regulation was correlated with the activation of sleep-promoting neurons in the ventrolater...
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PMID: 19160505
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the photopic spectral sensitivity in the green-backed firecrown, Sephanoides sephaniodes, a South American hummingbird, and its possible ecological relationship with preferred flowers and body colouration. Avian colour vision is in general tetrachromatic with at least four types of cones,...
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PMID: 18584181
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Vision Research (48)21 2008
Abstract
Lampreys represent the most primitive vertebrate class of jawless fish and serve as an evolutionary model of the vertebrate visual system. Transducin-alpha (G alpha(t)) subunits were investigated in lamprey Petromyzon marinus in order to understand the molecular origins of rod and cone photoreceptor...
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PMID: 18687354
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a system that yields such photo-control over actin assembly. We fused the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 in its GDP-bound form to the photosensory domain of phytochrome B (PhyB) and fused the Cdc42 effector, the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP), to the light-dependent PhyB-binding domain...
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PMID: 18728185
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (Washington) (48)20 2008
Abstract
Signal transduction in outer segments of vertebrate photoreceptors is mediated by a series of reactions among multiple polypeptides that form protein-protein complexes within or on the surface of the disk and plasma membranes. The individual components in the activation reactions include the photon r...
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PMID: 18456304
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research (1225) 2008
Abstract
Simple photoreceptors, namely photoresponsive neurons without microvilli and/or cilia have long been known in the central ganglion of crayfish, Aplysia, Onchidium and Helix. Recently, similar simple photoreceptors, ipRGCs were discovered in the mammalian retinas. A characteristic common to all of th...
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PMID: 18538313
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroscience Letters (438)2 2008
Abstract
Light is the major synchronizer of circadian rhythms to the 24-h solar day. The intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) play a central role in circadian regulation but cones also provide, albeit indirectly, input to these cells. In humans, spectrally opponent blue versus yellow...
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PMID: 18479818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research (1209) 2008
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus receives dense serotonergic projections from the raphe nuclei. This input may be involved in the transmission of photic information with activation of 5-HT receptors at night having a photo-mimetic effect. 5-HT2C receptors have been implicated in this...
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PMID: 18400210
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (105)3 2008
Abstract
We here expressed and purified the invertebrate visual pigment and melanopsin to comparatively investigate their Gq-activation abilities. We successfully expressed and purified UV and blue light-sensitive visual pigments of the honeybee as well as the amphioxus melanopsin. Although the purified UV-s...
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PMID: 18088357
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (105)3 2008
Abstract
We investigated YY1 expression in chicken tissues and we identified the neural retina as one of the tissues with highest YY1 protein levels. Immunohistochemical detection of YY1 in the retina revealed a clear-cut photoreceptor specificity and day/night differences in the cytoplasmic localization of...
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PMID: 18047560
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research (1207) 2008
Abstract
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) play important roles in non-image forming photoreception and participate in the regulation of the circadian rhythm and the pupillary light reflex. The aim of the present work was to characterize the light response of ipRGCs at two developm...
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PMID: 18377877
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have obtained evidence that the amplitude of the electrical response to light of the retinal photoreceptors the receptor potential, is modified by the action of melatonin and that the magnitude of this action depends on the circadian time of melatonin application. In contrast, the electroretinogr...
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PMID: 18313959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied irradiance and spectral sensitivity of masking by light, primarily in mice with intact retinae. The sensitivity of negative masking was equivalent for medium ( approximately 500 nm) and short wavelengths ( approximately 365 nm) in three strains of wild-type mice, identifying a marked shor...
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PMID: 18412618
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Vision Research (48)3 2008
Abstract
To characterize rod and cone distribution and composition in two diurnal mouse-like rodents, retinas from adult Arvicanthis ansorgei and Lemniscomys barbarus were processed for immunohistochemistry using multiple rod- and cone-specific antibodies. Antibodies tested included rhodopsin, cone opsins, p...
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PMID: 17928024
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (18)1 2008
Abstract
Recent work in blind human subjects has confirmed the presence of a non-visual ocular photoreceptive mechanism similar to that described in blind mice. This system appears to subserve circadian photic entrainment, the pupillary light response, and a number of other aspects of neurophysiology and beh...
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PMID: 18177714
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genome Biology (9)8 2008
Abstract
Proteins of the phytochrome superfamily of red/far-red light receptors have a variety of biological roles in plants, algae, bacteria and fungi and demonstrate a diversity of spectral sensitivities and output signaling mechanisms. Over the past few years the first three-dimensional structures of phyt...
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PMID: 18771590
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Vision (14) 2008
Abstract
These results suggest that light and GTP modulates lateral displacement of PDE, which might contribute to light-induced reduction of rod photoreceptor sensitivity....
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PMID: 19112528
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Trends in Neurosciences (31)1 2008
Abstract
We now know that a small subset of retinal ganglion cells are directly photosensitive and utilize an opsin/vitamin A-based photopigment called melanopsin maximally sensitive in the blue part of the spectrum. We also know that these photosensitive retinal ganglion cells mediate a broad range of physi...
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PMID: 18054803
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mechanisms of Development (125)11-12 2008
Abstract
We report that a mutation in the gene encoding a central effector of the phototransduction cascade, cGMP phosphodiesterase 6alpha'-subunit (PDE6alpha'), affects not only the vision but also the survival of cone photoreceptors in zebrafish. We isolated a zebrafish mutant, called eclipse (els), which...
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PMID: 18824093
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (27)45 2007
Abstract
We demonstrate that SS14 and SS28 modulate cone photoreceptor cGMP-gated channels (CNGCs) through multiple mechanisms. In chicken cones cultured in constant darkness for 2 d after previous entrainment to light-dark (LD) cycles or in cells maintained in LD, application of 100 nm SS14 or 100 nm SS28 f...
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PMID: 17989283
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (17)16 2007
Abstract
Here, we show that (1) Prkcz plays an as yet unidentified role in melanopsin signaling, (2) the proteins of seven further light-regulated genes emerge as strong candidates in melanopsin signaling, and (3) transcriptional recalibration may provide a powerful new approach for dissecting unmapped signa...
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PMID: 17702581
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Molecular Biology (368)5 2007
Abstract
We present biochemical and genetic evidence showing that either Gln63 or Trp104 in the active site of the BLUF domain is crucial for light sensing, which in turn controls the antirepressor activity of AppA. Specifically, the Q63L and W104A mutants of AppA are insensitive to blue light in vivo and in...
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PMID: 17399741
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research (1148) 2007
Abstract
We have recently shown that in RCS/N-rdy rats melanopsin mRNA levels are dramatically reduced (about 90%) and melanopsin immunoreactivity cannot be detected in the retina of these rats at 60 days of age. Although RCS/N-rdy rats are a widely used model to investigate mechanisms of photoreceptor degen...
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PMID: 17382912
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (Washington) (46)18 2007
Abstract
We previously reported that a strongly hydrogen-bonded water molecule is observed only in the alkaline form of PR, where Asp97 is deprotonated (Furutani, Y., Ikeda, D., Shibata, M., and Kandori, H. (2006) Chem. Phys. 324, 705-708). This is probably correlated with the pH-dependent proton pumping act...
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PMID: 17428036
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Circadian control of cone CNGCs appears to entail elevated daytime tyrosine phosphorylation of an approximately 85-kDa auxiliary protein or another subunit of the CNGCs....
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PMID: 17251493
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that the carboxyl terminus has a determinant role in mCRY1 function by harboring distinguished domains involved in nuclear import and interactions with other clock proteins. Moreover, the carboxyl terminus must cross-talk with the PHR to establish full transcription repression capacity in m...
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PMID: 18419270
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The BLUF protein Slr1694 from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 is characterized by absorption and emission spectroscopy. Slr1694 expressed from E. coli which non-covalently binds FAD, FMN, and riboflavin (called Slr1694(I)), and reconstituted Slr1694 which dominantly contains FAD (called...
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PMID: 16996275
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research Bulletin (71)1-3 2006
Abstract
We investigated the effects of the metabotropic glutamate agonist (+/-)-1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (ACPD) on light-evoked phase responses in Syrian hamsters at three phase points: circadian time 6, a time when light has no effect on the circadian timing system; circadian time 13...
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PMID: 17113934
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In response to light stimulation Chlamydomonas reinhardtii changes the beating frequency, beating pattern, and beating synchrony of the trans and cis cilia to steer the freely-swimming cell relative to light sources. To understand the cell steering behavior the impulse responses of the beating frequ...
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PMID: 16986140
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.