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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Second Messenger Systems (1):
Recent article
Second Messenger Systems
Abstract
We found that the transmembrane receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), a co-receptor for Wnt proteins, bound to the Gα(s)βγ heterotrimer and that knockdown of LRP6 attenuated cAMP production by various GPCRs, including parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R). Knockdown...
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PMID: 21406690
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was originally identified as a highly conserved nuclear DNA-binding protein that participates in DNA replication, repair and transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Although the nuclear role of HMGB1 is not quite understood, recent studies cha...
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PMID: 21422809
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Journal (432)3 2010
Abstract
We have discovered a novel way of blocking the spontaneous differentiation of hESCs in the absence of exogenous cytokines by supplementing feeder-free conditions with EHNA [erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine], an established inhibitor of ADA (adenosine deaminase) and cyclic nucleotide PDE2 (phosph...
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PMID: 20923411
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review how phosphoinositide metabolism generates multiple second messengers with important roles in T-cell development and function. They include soluble inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate, long known for its Ca(2+)-mobilizing function, and phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate, whose generation by...
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PMID: 20943760
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Bulletin du cancer (97)11 2010
Abstract
We will present here a general classification of the main pathways of cell signalling and some of the recurrent mechanisms used for the transmission of information between cells and inside cells....
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PMID: 21047720
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the capability of bone marrow-derived human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) to release intracellular NAD+ through Cx43-HC. NAD+ efflux, quantified by a sensitive enzymatic cycling assay, was significantly upregulated by low extracellular Ca2+ (5-6-fold), by shear stress (13-fold) and by infl...
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PMID: 20964598
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that jack bean urease (JBU) has antidiuretic effects on Rhodnius prolixus Malpighian tubules, decreasing the serotonin-stimulated secretion of fluid. Now, we evaluate the toxicity of the intact JBU and its effect on R. prolixus anterior midgut, to further elucidate the mec...
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PMID: 20223243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the effect of cAMP on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced MMP-1 expression and the molecular events involved in the processes in human skin fibroblasts. We showed that cAMP suppresses TNF-alpha-induced MMP-1 expression via protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. cAMP inhibited TNF-alph...
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PMID: 20357815
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that HIV-1 required signaling by the PRRs Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) and DC-SIGN for replication in dendritic cells (DCs). HIV-1 activated the transcription factor NF-kappaB through TLR8 to initiate the transcription of integrated provirus by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). However, DC-SIGN sig...
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PMID: 20364151
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that in monocyte/macrophage-like U937 cells, extracellular nucleotides heterologously desensitize CysLT(1) receptor (CysLT(1)R)-induced Ca(2+) transients. Given that monocytes express a number of other inflammatory and chemoattractant receptors, this study was aimed at chara...
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PMID: 19965602
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
The Journal of Pain (11)4 2010
Abstract
We have developed a model in the rat, in which exposure to vibration (60-80Hz) induces, in skeletal muscle, both acute mechanical hyperalgesia as well as long-term changes characterized by enhanced hyperalgesia to a proinflammatory cytokine or reexposure to vibration. Exposure of a hind limb to vibr...
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PMID: 19962353
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hypertension Research (33)4 2010
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of the HO inducer, heme-arginate, on the phospholipase C (PLC)/inositol-triphosphate (IP(3)) pathway in the mesenteric arterioles of uninephrectomized (UnX) deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats, which is a volume-overload model characterized by elevated e...
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PMID: 20203687
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have mapped the causative genetic defect to a 3.25 megabase candidate region on chromosome 5q13.3-q14.1. A maximum LOD score of 4.1 (Theta = 0) was obtained at marker D5S1962. Here we show that ADSD is caused by a complex frameshift mutation (c.94G>C+c.95delT) in the phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B)...
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PMID: 20085714
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Science Signaling (3)145 2010
Abstract
We show that deleting Arap3 in the mouse caused embryonic death in mid-gestation due to an endothelial cell-autonomous defect in sprouting angiogenesis. Explants taken at a developmental stage at which no defect was yet present reproduced this phenotype ex vivo, demonstrating that the defect was not...
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PMID: 20978237
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have therefore investigated cannabinoid receptor expression by mouse islet β-and α-cells and the effects of selective receptor agonists on cyclic AMP and calcium levels, and on dynamic insulin secretory responses. CB1 and CB2 mRNA and protein expression by islets was detected by RT-PCR and west...
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PMID: 21099327
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Medicinal Chemistry (17)29 2010
Abstract
In the last decades, the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been revolutioned by the introduction into the clinical practice of the selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), following the observation of the unique response of OCD patients to clomipramine. However, if...
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PMID: 20712565
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology/Revue Canadienne de Physiologie et Pharmacologie (87)10 2009
Abstract
Modulation of intracellular free calcium levels is the primary second messenger system of the neuronal glutamatergic system, playing a role in regulation of all major cellular processes. The protein neuregulin (NRG) beta1 acts as an extracellular signaling ligand in neurons, rapidly regulating curre...
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PMID: 20052014
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurotrauma (26)10 2009
Abstract
These results show that buprenorphine (0.05 mg/kg) can be used as part of the postoperative care to reduce pain after SCI without affecting behavioral, physiological, or anatomical parameters....
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PMID: 19653810
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hypertension Research (32)10 2009
Abstract
The kidney is important in the long-term regulation of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis. Stimulation of ETB receptors in the kidney increases sodium excretion, in part, by decreasing sodium transport in the medullary thick ascending limb of Henle and in collecting duct. However, the role of ETB...
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PMID: 19662022
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In many diarrhoeal diseases the intestinal mucosa is stimulated to secrete salt and water. This occurs in diarrhoea as a result of several bacterial toxins, is associated with inflammation and release of inflammatory mediators, and, in many instances, occurs when a neural element is evident. An unde...
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PMID: 1700466
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (136)13 2009
Abstract
We show that all known MSP-dependent meiotic maturation events in the germline require Galpha(s)-adenylate cyclase signaling in the gonadal sheath cells. We show that the MSP hormone promotes the sustained actomyosin-dependent cytoplasmic streaming that drives oocyte growth. Furthermore, we demonstr...
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PMID: 19502483
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cyclic (5 to 3 )-diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a small molecule that regulates the transition between the sessile and motile lifestyle, an integrative part of biofilm formation and other multicellular behavior, in many bacteria. The recognition of c-di-GMP as a novel secondary messenger so...
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PMID: 19327118
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis (101)4 2009
Abstract
Reperfusion injury may cause myocardial cell death and limit the benefit achieved by restoration of coronary artery patency in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The mechanism includes altered Ca(2+) handling with cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload, Ca(2+)- and ATP-dependent hyperco...
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PMID: 19350105
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inflammation Research (58)4 2009
Abstract
The present study demonstrates that ZPDC glycoprotein is a natural anti-oxidant and one of the modulators of pro-inflammatory signal transduction pathways in RAW 264.7 cells....
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PMID: 19214384
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Physiology & Behavior (96)4-5 2009
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that GnRH, PGE2 and db-cAMP act via the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP and MAPK pathways to facilitate estrous behavior (lordosis and proceptivity) in estradiol-primed female rats. Estradiol-primed rats received intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of pharmacological antagonists...
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PMID: 19162055
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Hypernociception induced by PGE(2) (100 ng) by intraplantar (i.pl.) injection, was reduced by i.pl. treatment with inhibitors of PKA [A-kinase-anchoring protein St-Ht31 inhibitor peptide (AKAPI)], PKCepsilon (PKCepsilonI) or adenylyl cyclase. PKA activity was essential in the early phase of the indu...
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PMID: 19220288
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will focus on the lipid-sensitive mechano-gated K(2P) channel TREK-1 and will emphasize on the polymodal function of this "unconventional" K+ channel....
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PMID: 18369610
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The challenge to achieve a gestalt understanding of general anaesthesia is really dependent upon an understanding of the elusive concept of consciousness. Until very recently, anaesthesia has been understood to depend fundamentally on the lipid solubility of anaesthetic agents, unsurprisingly a misl...
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PMID: 19400482
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We included 62 outpatients with HF and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Cases had at least one hospital admission or emergency department visit for acute HF in the previous year and were in NYHA class III/IV despite optimized therapy. The individual age- and sex-matched controls were sy...
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PMID: 19168517
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We were prompted to analyze the expression of some of these PLC in human bronchoalveolar carcinoma-derived alveolar epithelial A549 cells. The effects of several fluoro-edenite fibers were compared with those of tremolite, a member of the calcic amphibole group of asbestos that originates from Calab...
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PMID: 19148471
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Analytical Biochemistry (386)1 2009
Abstract
We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry-based method to detect c-di-GMP with high sensitivity and to quantify the c-di-GMP concentration in the bacterial cell as described here in detail. We successfully used the methodology to determine and compare the c-di-GM...
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PMID: 19135022
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the immunohistochemical analysis of bony callus, the immunohistochemical stain of CGRP was lower in experimental groups than in control groups from 4 to 14 days (P< .05 or P< .01), and the stain of eNOS showed the same phenomena from 4 to 7 days (P< .01), but the stain of iNOS did not show any st...
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PMID: 19138599
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Macrophages orchestrate innate immune responses in tissues by activating various proinflammatory signaling programs. A key mechanism for preventing inflammatory disease states that result from excessive activation of such programs is the generation of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosph...
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PMID: 19531801
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Somites are condensations of mesodermal cells that form along the two sides of the neural tube during early vertebrate development. They are one of the first instances of a periodic pattern, and give rise to repeated structures such as the vertebrae. A number of theories for the mechanisms underpinn...
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PMID: 18766407
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Science Signaling (2)75 2009
Abstract
We showed that key anti-inflammatory effects of cAMP were mediated specifically by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Selective inhibitors of PKA anchoring, time-lapse microscopy, and RNAi screening suggested that differential mechanisms of PKA action existed. We showed a specific role for A kinas...
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PMID: 19531803
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Neuroscience (10)1 2009
Abstract
Using a strictly neuron-restricted promoter we virally transduced neurons in the organotypic brainstem slices which contained pre-Bötzinger complex, constituting the rhythm-generating part of the respiratory network. Fluorescent cAMP sensor Epac1-camps was expressed both in neuronal cell bodies a...
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PMID: 19327133
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton was affected by strong blue and red light. No blue light specific actin reorganization was detected. EGTA and trifluoperazine strongly inhibited chloroplast responses and disrupted the integrity of the cytoskeleton. This disruption was reversible by Ca(2+) or Mg(2+). Additiona...
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PMID: 19480655
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
(a) This enzyme is indeed the molecular machine for the ATP-dependent and -coupled transport of Na(+) and K(+) across the plasma membrane of a living cell in which such a process (sodium pump) is detected. (b) The Na/K-ATPase is also an important signal transducer that not only interacts and regulat...
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PMID: 18283487
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe three protocols to assess protein kinase C activity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils). These methods are useful to study the activation and function of protein kinase C in these immune cells. Since neutrophils provide a ready source of human primary tissue, these methods are...
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PMID: 19160675
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Lipid second messengers play important roles in many cell signaling cascades. Lipid signaling molecules allow for high specificity, rapid transduction, and rapid reversibility of localized stimulation events. Fluorescent sensors capable of detecting individual signaling lipids enable their productio...
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PMID: 19763497
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Journal of Neurochemistry (108)1 2009
Abstract
The lipid diacylglycerol (DAG) analogue 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) was used to verify the existence of DAG-sensitive channels in cortical neurons dissociated from E13 mouse embryos. Calcium imaging experiments showed that OAG increased the cytosolic concentration of Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) in ne...
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PMID: 19094061
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Over 25 years ago it was suggested that the mechanism by which lithium was clinically effective may be due to a stabilizing effect on the phosphoinositol second messenger system (PI-cycle), which has multiple effects within cells. It was proposed that lithium, which is an inhibitor of one of the key...
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PMID: 20374155
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Adenosine is an autacoid that plays a critical role in regulating cardiac function, including heart rate, contractility, and coronary flow. In this chapter, current knowledge of the functions and mechanisms of action of coronary flow regulation and electrophysiology will be discussed. Currently, the...
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PMID: 19639282
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biophysical Chemistry (139)1 2009
Abstract
We study the role of cellular variability on the occurrence of Ca2+ wave propagation in a net of diffusively coupled cells. Dynamics of individual cells is simulated by a mathematical model for Ca2+ oscillations. Structural diversity of cells is introduced via variations of the bifurcation parameter...
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PMID: 18990482
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (28)51 2008
Abstract
We report here anxiety-related behaviors in two lines of transgenic mice expressing a constitutively active isoform of Galphas (or Galphas*). The first line expressed Galphas* throughout postnatal forebrain neurons, while the second line of mice conditionally expressed Galphas* selectively in the st...
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PMID: 19091983
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Iubmb Life (60)12 2008
Abstract
The lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) controls the rate, amplitude, duration, and location of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the cell. There are three classes of PKC isozymes and, of these, the conventional and novel isozymes are acutely controlled by DAG. The kinetics of DAG productio...
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PMID: 18720411
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated ICS in cochlear organotypic cultures, in which ATP acts as an IP(3)-generating agonist and evokes Ca(2+) responses that have been linked to noise-induced hearing loss and development of hair cell-afferent synapses. Focal delivery of ATP or photostimulation with caged IP(3) elicited C...
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PMID: 19047635
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Microbiologica Sinica (48)11 2008
Abstract
C-di-GMP [Bis-(3',5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate] is a novel global second messenger in bacteria. The diguanylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase involve in c-di-GMP synthesis and degradation, respectively. alr3504 in Anabaena PCC7120 possibly encodes diguanylate cyclase with a coserved GG...
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PMID: 19149171
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The body of literature characterizing cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) as Ca2+-mobilizing second messengers is growing apace. However, their unique properties may, for the uninitiated, make them difficult to work with. This article re...
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PMID: 18852050
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We therefore investigated its importance in mediating Fc gammaR-dependent phagocytosis in NR8383 rat alveolar macrophages. Pulldown of active Rap1 and fluorescence microscopic analysis of GFP-RalGDS (Ral guanine dissociation stimulator)-transfected macrophages revealed that Rap1 is indeed activated...
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PMID: 18832707
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbiology (154)Pt 10 2008
Abstract
We ask whether the details are consistent and complete enough to predict growth and osmoregulation in these bacteria by integrating this information in a mathematical model. Parameterized for the halophilic organism Halomonas elongata, the model predicts the substrate and salt dependence of growth,...
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PMID: 18832302
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report that cAMP antagonized UV-induced apoptosis in Rat-1 and NIH 3T3 cells. Despite that cAMP significantly suppressed UV-induced p38 activation, inhibition of p38 activity showed no significant effect on UV-induced cell death in both cell lines. Further studies revealed that cAMP antagonized U...
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PMID: 18566605
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbiology (154)Pt 10 2008
Abstract
We report the presence of c-di-GMP in Mycobacterium smegmatis, and its role in the long-term survival of the organism. M. smegmatis has a single bifunctional protein with both GGDEF and EAL domains, which show diguanylate cyclase (DGC) and phosphodiesterase (PDE)-A activity, respectively, in vitro....
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PMID: 18832301
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the distribution of 32 PtdIns5P-metabolizing proteins in 39 eukaryotic genomes. Phylogenetic profiles identify four groups of co-evolving proteins, confirming known protein complexes and revealing new ones. The complexes comprise a phosphatase, a kinase and a regulator; this indicates tha...
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PMID: 18774718
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the nervous system, many intracellular responses to elevated calcium are mediated by CaM kinases (CaMKs), a family of protein kinases whose activities are initially modulated by binding Ca(2+)/calmodulin and subsequently by protein phosphorylation. One member of this family, CaMKII, is well-estab...
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PMID: 18817731
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (K(Ca)) with either micromolar (BK(Ca) channels) or submicromolar (SK(Ca) channels) affinity for Ca(2+) ions to provide distance constraints for Ca(2+)-effector coupling in local Ca(2+) domains and review their significance for the cell physiology of K(Ca) chann...
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PMID: 18817728
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We survey data that lead us to propose two distinct roles of [Ca(2+)] in vesicle recruitment: one accelerating "molecular priming" (vesicle docking and the buildup of a release machinery), the other promoting the tight coupling between releasable vesicles and Ca(2+) channels. Such coupling is essent...
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PMID: 18817727
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.