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Atmosphere Exposure Chambers (0):
Recent article
Atmosphere Exposure Chambers
Abstract
We investigated the proapoptotic and monocyte chemoattractant cytokine endothelial monocyte-activating protein 2 (EMAPII). Lung-specific overexpression of EMAPII in mice caused simplification of alveolar structures, apoptosis, and macrophage accumulation, compared with that in control transgenic mic...
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PMID: 21576822
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
This is a report of two cases of arterial gas embolism (AGE) occurring during the course of routine pressure tolerance testing (PTT) of Canadian Forces divers in a dry hyperbaric chamber. PTT is used by many military organizations as a means to determine whether divers can sustain a hyperbaric chall...
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PMID: 21197859
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The risk of severe decompression sickness (DCS) increases rapidly above 6248 m (20,500 ft) and is greater when breathing higher proportions of inert gas. Contemporary aircrew may be exposed to higher cabin altitudes while breathing molecular sieve oxygen concentrator (MSOC) product gas containing va...
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PMID: 21197850
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Anesthesia & Analgesia (111)1 2010
Abstract
Although exposure of the rat alveolar epithelium to S-ketamine decreases amiloride-sensitive transalveolar Na+ transport and AFC, IV S-ketamine at clinically relevant bolus concentrations does not affect AFC, even in the presence of mild lung injury....
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PMID: 20519416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (22)5 2010
Abstract
A directed-flow nose-only inhalation exposure system was constructed to support development of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for complex hydrocarbon mixtures, such as jet fuels. Due to the complex nature of the aerosol and vapor-phase hydrocarbon exposures, care was taken to in...
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PMID: 20109056
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (22)4 2010
Abstract
CO was significantly associated with declines in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), PM was significantly associated with declines in HRV and BW, and NO(2) was significantly associated with declines in HR. Some significant associations occurred in the same day (PM and HRV, PM and BW, C...
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PMID: 20105060
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry (336)1-2 2010
Abstract
Although numerous advancements made in the field of human health have resulted in reduced deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), many patients with cardiac disease show no established risk. Therefore, other unknown factors may be responsible for the pathophysiology of CVD. Out of 350,000 sudde...
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PMID: 19809794
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (22)2 2010
Abstract
We first conducted an n-fold cross-validation of the model using samples of the original EPA data from which the model was developed. We then identified seven more recently published studies with controlled exposures to a wide range of ozone exposure patterns relevant to the current ambient ozone he...
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PMID: 19778178
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (22)2 2010
Abstract
Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the role that metal compound properties play in respiratory disease pathogenesis and provide a rationale for differing pulmonary immunotoxicities of commonly encountered ambient metal pollutants....
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PMID: 19757987
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The day after the altitude exposure, 53.4% of subjects reported ear pain. In the treated group, 61.4% of subjects were free of symptoms, compared to 31.8% in the control group (P < 0.01). Tympanogram was abnormal in eight symptomatic subjects and in six asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest tha...
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PMID: 20131654
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This report describes how 27 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were safely treated, monitored and managed in a monoplace chamber that was compressed with air to 1.5 atmospheres absolute (152 kPa). A total of 75 hyperbaric oxygen treatments were delivered using the monoplace system describe...
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PMID: 20369651
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Since 1850, compressed-air work has been used to prevent shafts or tunnels under construction from flooding. Until the 1980s, workers were digging in compressed-air environments. Since the introduction of tunnel boring machines (TBMs), very little digging under pressure is needed. However, the weari...
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PMID: 20737925
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used voltage-sensitive dye imaging to study the properties of transient large-scale neuronal populations under hyperbaric conditions using a newly-developed high-pressure optical cell. In our experiments we investigated propagation of neuronal voltage wave depolarization along the CA2-CA1 Schaffe...
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PMID: 20568544
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Of the 11 subjects, seven subjects who underwent hypoxic exposure for 4 min were analysed. SpO2 decreased to 69% at the 7620 m level without oxygen. However, SEF, BIS, RE, and SE before and during hypoxic exposure were almost identical. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that hypoxia of oxygen saturatio...
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PMID: 19397504
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There was a significant decrease in the number of aviators who reported experiencing air hunger while training on the ROBD-50 (44.2%) as compared to the ROBD-30 (59.4%) [Pearson chi2 (1) = 5.45, P < 0.051. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that the ROBD breathing-gas flow rate is an important contr...
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PMID: 19522365
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Toxicological Sciences (109)1 2009
Abstract
Inhaled polydisperse micronsized agglomerated particulates composed of nanosized primary particles may exert their pulmonary toxicity in either form, depending on whether these tightly associated structures are disintegrated within the biological system or not. This hypothesis was tested in a rat bi...
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PMID: 19251949
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Live high train low (LHTL) is a well-known training model for preparation of competitions. In this study, the thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in heart, lung and muscle tissues of rats. They were intermittently exposed to...
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PMID: 19764346
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results demonstrated that the metabolism of terpenoids in ginkgo leaves was more sensitive to elevated CO(2) than elevated O(3)....
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PMID: 18626560
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
C(3) crops are generally considered more sensitive than C(4) crops to the elevated CO(2) and O(3), but it is unclear whether the concentrations of phenolic compounds in them are affected. In this paper, an enrichment experiment with open-top chamber was conducted to examine the effects of elevated C...
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PMID: 18781273
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A personal cyclone sampler (cyclone) was operated in a 0.9-m3 chamber, side by side with a 25-mm filter sampler (filter) and either a slit impactor (Air-O-Cell) or a single-stage, multiple-hole, agar impactor (N6). Aerosols of two fungal spores were collected for 5 min to 5 hr-Aspergillus versicolor...
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PMID: 18720289
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Eye Research (33)10 2008
Abstract
IOP in the hypobaric hypoxic condition (18.23 +/- 2.84 mmHg) was significantly greater than IOP in both the prehypoxic condition (16.52 +/- 2.84 mmHg) (p < 0.001) and the post-hypoxic condition (17.02 +/- 2.52 mmHg) (p < 0.01). When corrected for hypoxia-related changes in CCT, IOP under hypobaric h...
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PMID: 18853320
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
During the manufacture of products containing butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), low emissions to the air may occur. Due to potential exposure of terrestrial communities to BBP vapors, phytotoxicity tests were conducted using Chinese cabbage, white mustard, and white clover. No significant effects on shoo...
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PMID: 18465066
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There is an increase in dry eye symptomatology after ocular stress. The use of artificial tears just before or after ocular stress is helpful in relieving resultant symptoms in normals....
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PMID: 18677237
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical Neurophysiology (119)7 2008
Abstract
For both categorical stimuli, impairment of early visual sensory and compensation through late cognitive processes was noticed. For targets, compensatory discrimination-categorization processes (reflected on P3 amplitudes) were sufficient to override our mild transient hypoxic challenge. For nontarg...
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PMID: 18456548
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plasma OPN protein level was found to be significantly decreased on day 0.5 of exposure to HHE, as was the level in the adrenal gland (which secreted highest levels of OPN protein). In the right ventricle of the heart (mRNA) and the lung (protein), OPN expression was found to be significantly increa...
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PMID: 18284657
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (20)9 2008
Abstract
Nose-only inhalation exposure chambers offer key advantages to whole-body systems, particularly when aerosol or mixed aerosol-vapor exposures are used. Specifically, nose-only chambers provide enhanced control over the route of exposure and dose by minimizing the deposition of particles either on th...
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PMID: 18645729
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Experimental Neurology (212)1 2008
Abstract
We investigated whether repetitive exposures to nitrogen modify the excitatory and inhibitory control of the dopaminergic nigro-striatal pathway. We used voltammetry to measure dopamine levels in freely-moving rats, implanted with dopamine-sensitive electrodes in the striatum. NMDA/GABA(A) receptor...
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PMID: 18452916
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Benzene is an important industrial chemical. At certain levels, benzene has been found to produce aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, myeloblastic anemia and genotoxic effects in humans. Metabolism by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and myeloperoxidase to hydroquinone, phenol, and other metabolites contri...
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PMID: 18455711
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pneumologie (62)6 2008
Abstract
The MR 730 AGM and Humicare 200 generated a constant relative humidity of 100%. Among the remaining humidifiers, only the HC 602, HumidAire 2i and REMstar reached a humidity of about 95% at high flow rates. The Minni-Max, Somnia2 and VIVO 30 generated a humidity of 95% still at a flow rate of 55 l/m...
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PMID: 18535976
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Otology & Neurotology (29)4 2008
Abstract
Of 17,935 exposures, 740 trainees (4.1%) had ear pain. Of 7,047 trainees, 429 (6.1%) complained of ear pain especially in Type III, totaling 625 times. Fighter pilots and cargo pilots complained of ear pain one twelfth and one third the number of times, respectively, compared with passengers. Of the...
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PMID: 18401284
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrated that this facility can be effectively and safely used to evaluate acute responses to diesel exhaust exposure in human volunteers....
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PMID: 18581813
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Lab Animal (37)4 2008
Abstract
Lab Animal (37)4 2008
Abstract
Circulation Research (102)5 2008
Abstract
We compared the proatherogenic effects of ambient particles of <0.18 microm (ultrafine particles) with particles of <2.5 microm in genetically susceptible (apolipoprotein E-deficient) mice. These animals were exposed to concentrated ultrafine particles, concentrated particles of <2.5 microm, or filt...
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PMID: 18202315
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesized that skeletal muscle may act as a source of NO during exposure to hypoxia. Therefore, we measured NO in forearm venous plasma and in skeletal muscle interstitial dialysate in seven healthy young men during exposure to simulated altitude of 2,438 and 4,877 m (20 min at each level) in...
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PMID: 17985154
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (20)5 2008
Abstract
We investigated the effects of inhaled dichlorvos (2,2-dimethyl-dichlorovinyl phosphate, or DDVP) vapor on the respiratory mechanics and blood cholinesterase activity of guinea pigs. Data revealed significant dose-dependent changes in several pulmonary parameters. Animals exposed to a DDVP concentra...
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PMID: 18368617
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (20)5 2008
Abstract
The disposition of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in male and female Fischer 344 rats following single or repeated inhalation exposures was evaluated. Animals were administered a single 6-h nose-only exposure to 7 or 160 ppm 14C-D5 or fourteen 6-h nose-only exposures to unlabeled D5 followed on d...
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PMID: 18368622
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Physiological Genomics (32)3 2008
Abstract
We first determined the effect of CCH and CIH on global gene expression in different regions of mouse brain using microarrays and then investigated the biological role of genes of interest. We found that: 1) in the cortical region, the expression level of 80 genes was significantly altered by CIH (1...
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PMID: 18056785
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated whether inhaling peak concentrations of aldehydes several times daily is more damaging than semi-continuously inhaling low-dose aldehydes. We exposed Xpa-/-p53+/- knock-out mice either intermittently or semi-continuously to mixed acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and acrolein. The intermit...
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PMID: 17936466
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest a possible mechanism for observed correlations between particulate nitrate and organic acids in the atmosphere. Calcium rich mineral dust may be an important sink for simple organic acids....
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PMID: 18075693
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We showed that trekrezan increased the degree of adaptive metabolic changes in the brain, heart, and liver of rats during adaptation to hypoxic hypoxia....
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PMID: 19024000
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesized that IHE would improve sleep arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) levels and decrease desaturation events, thereby contributing to improvements in sleep quality and quantity during subsequent exposure to high altitude. Ten sea-level residents (mean+/-SE: 22+/-1 yr, 179+/-2 cm, 79+/-3 kg...
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PMID: 19115911
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Klinicheskaia meditsina (86)12 2008
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate effect of adaptation to periodic hypoxia in pressure chamber (PHPC) on the serum lipid profile in 45 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) in the period of scarring compared with physical exercises (15 patients). Adaptive therapy was shown to cause significant...
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PMID: 19227306
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To assess the effects of acrylonitrile (AN) exposure on reproduction, Sprague-Dawley rats (25/sex/group) were exposed to vapor atmospheres of AN via whole-body inhalation at concentrations of 0, 5, 15, 45 (two offspring generations) and 90 ppm (one offspring generation), 6 h daily, 1 litter/generatio...
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PMID: 18293209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have developed a high pressure optical cell to study large-scale transient neuronal coalitions--"assemblies" using voltage sensitive dye (VSD) fluorescence combined with fast CCD imaging of brain slices under hyperbaric conditions. The new cell has been tested at pressures up to P = 150-200 atm,...
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PMID: 18351125
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Toxicologic Pathology (36)2 2008
Abstract
We investigated the toxicity of inhaled diacetyl at concentrations of up to 365 ppm (time weighted average), either as six-hour continuous exposures or as four brief, intense exposures over six hours. A separate group inhaled a single pulse of ~1800 ppm diacetyl (92.9 ppm six-hour average). Rats wer...
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PMID: 18474946
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (20)2 2008
Abstract
Environmental risk assessments are broadening to include evaluations of avian species exposed to gaseous and particulate materials (Mineau, 2002b; Irvine, 2004; Carmalt, 2005). Since the avian respiratory tract is fundamentally different from the respiratory tract of rodents, the effects of gaseous...
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PMID: 18236233
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (20)1 2008
Abstract
A facility has been assembled that provides a controlled inhalation exposure to freshly diluted and mixed diesel exhaust using a diesel engine under load and a two-stage exhaust dilution system with dynamic feedback control. The concentrations of particulate matter less than 2.5 microm in diameter (...
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PMID: 18236222
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (20)1 2008
Abstract
Accurate systems designed to expose laboratory animals to carefully controlled concentrations of gases and aerosols are an important tool in inhalation toxicology studies. These systems are necessary for determining the dose-response relationship of toxicants under a variety of exposure conditions....
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PMID: 18236221
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Lab Animal (37)1 2008
Abstract
Inhalation exposure studies, in which test subjects are fully or partially immersed in an atmosphere containing a compound of interest, are usually carried out using one of two possible exposure systems: large whole-body chambers or systems that expose only the animal's nose or head. Whole-body cham...
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PMID: 18094700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroscience (149)3 2007
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of prenatal exposures to cannabinoids or carbon monoxide (CO) in an animal experimental model reproducing the environmental conditions in which a fetus develops whose mother, during pregnancy, ingests by smoking low doses of cannabinoids or CO. Particu...
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PMID: 17916407
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously hypothesised that the number of bubbles evolving during decompression from a dive, and therefore the incidence of decompression sickness (DCS), might be reduced by pretreatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). The inert gas in the gas micronuclei would be replaced by oxygen, which wo...
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PMID: 17674026
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuropharmacology (53)6 2007
Abstract
We provide first evidence that a high fentanyl dose induces long-term ALB 2 weeks after its administration. When associated with fentanyl, 50% N2O prevented such long-term ALB. These results suggest that a single exposure to N2O could improve post-injury pain management and facilitate rehabilitation...
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PMID: 17884109
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemosphere (70)1 2007
Abstract
We avoid these artifacts and use an activated carbon denuder to remove hydrocarbons from the exhaust stream to investigate their role in the inflammatory response. Human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o) were exposed at the air-cell interface to diluted and aged exhaust from a diesel generator o...
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PMID: 17767946
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The BIO 14.6 hamster (dystrophic), animal model of limb girdle muscular dystrophy, exhibits low plasma triiodothyronine levels, muscle weakness, and decreased breathing. After exposure to acute intermittent bouts of hypoxia, dystrophic hamsters depress ventilation relative to baseline resulting in v...
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PMID: 17855493
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Physiological Genomics (31)2 2007
Abstract
We previously showed in C57BL/6J mice that IH causes hypercholesterolemia and upregulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1, a transcription factor of lipid biosynthesis in the liver. The goal of the present study was to provide mechanistic evidence that IH causes hypercholeste...
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PMID: 17666524
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results suggested that CLTIHH increases the basal ventilation and hypoxic respiratory responses and that enhanced ventilatory responses were due not only to the augmentation of peripheral chemoreceptor activity but also to the augmentation of central respiratory activity....
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PMID: 17845892
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroscience Letters (425)3 2007
Abstract
We compared the effects of early prolonged NBO to delayed HBO on infarct size and functional outcome. We also examined whether combining NBO and HBO is of additional benefit. Wistar rats underwent filament-induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 150 min. Animals breathed either air, 100%...
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PMID: 17850964
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inhalation Toxicology (19)11 2007
Abstract
Several pharmacokinetic studies on inhalation exposure to manganese (Mn) have already demonstrated that Mn readily accumulates in the olfactory and brain regions. However, a shortening of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 relaxation time or high T1 signal intensity in specific sites of the bra...
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PMID: 17849280
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.