Abstract
The Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) has recorded a significant increase of accidental asphyxia deaths in infancy associated with cosleeping in the state of Maryland in 2003. A total of 102 infants died suddenly and unexpectedly during 2003 in the state of Maryland. Of the 102 infants, 46...
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PMID: 19901821
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Abstract
Twenty-eight percent of the parents did not know what a car safety seat was. While 20% of parents reported using a car safety seat, only 10% used them correctly. Car safety seat use was correlated with higher socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION: Increased education of parents regarding the proper use o...
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PMID: 19779990
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Abstract
Persons employed in high-risk lead-related occupations can transport lead dust home from a worksite through clothing, shoes, tools, or vehicles. During 2008, the Maine Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program (MCLPPP) identified 55 new cases of elevated (>or=15 microg/dL) venous blood lead levels...
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PMID: 19696718
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study suggests that booster seat laws are associated with a lower proportion of injury expenditures for MV occupant injuries in booster seat-aged children. Observed income disparities raise questions regarding whether access to booster seats, quality of affordable seats, and proper use and/or e...
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PMID: 19590349
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Parents surveyed > or =6 months after receiving the child passenger safety program displayed less correct safety seat knowledge compared with parents surveyed <6 months after participating in the program. Parents noted multiple barriers to safety seat use. Programmatic changes that merit future stud...
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PMID: 19590351
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The results of our study demonstrate that a substantial number of caregivers of pediatric trauma patients will self-report risky drinking behaviors, and therefore, an opportunity exists for these families to receive the benefits of screening and brief intervention programs in pediatric trauma care s...
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PMID: 19590353
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study demonstrates that there are anticipated variable effects on basic physiologic function for body-casted children based on the method of restraint. Restraint modalities which place the child forward facing with the face in proximity to the anterosuperior cast overlying the chest should be a...
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PMID: 19509628
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Safe transportation of preterm and low birth weight infants requires special considerations. Both physiologic immaturity and low birth weight must be taken into account to properly position such infants. This clinical report provides guidelines for pediatricians and other caregivers who counsel pare...
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PMID: 19403510
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Child safety seats are highly effective in reducing the risk of death during severe traffic collisions and generally outperform seat belts. Parents should be encouraged to use child safety seats in favor of seat belts....
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PMID: 19059860
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Falls from infant carriers are common, often involve children unbuckled in their car seats, and represent a significant source of morbidity. Injury prevention measures such as education and manufacture labeling may be effective strategies....
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PMID: 19194348
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Immaturity of the respiratory center and decompensation for the respiratory changes caused by the sitting position were suspected to cause DS in infants. Sitting-type car safety seats should be used with caution for preterm infants, and all preterm infants need to be screened by polysomnographic exa...
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PMID: 19309252
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sixty elementary schools in Minneapolis were asked to participate in a study to evaluate the most effective education method to increase booster seat knowledge and use in kindergarten-age children. School personnel selected one of the following interventions: (1) written information, (2) parent educ...
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PMID: 19785300
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Applying high-threat messages to child passenger safety interventions is promising and has the potential to be adapted to other health risk areas....
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PMID: 19114138
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There were 64 deaths in the period: 54 of these occurred during sleep and did not have a clear medical diagnosis. Maori and Pacific infants and infants from low decile areas were over-represented in the group. The majority (88.7%) of infants were < 6 months of age at death. Overall, 50% of infants h...
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PMID: 19680305
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Safety device coding on state police accident report (PAR) forms was compared with provisions in state traffic safety laws. PAR forms were obtained from all 50 states and the District of Columbia (states/DC). For seat belts, 22 states/DC had a primary seat belt enforcement law vs 50 with a PAR code....
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PMID: 19074248
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The risk of sudden unexpected death in infants who sleep in bassinets can be reduced by following American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, including positioning infants supine and avoiding soft bedding in bassinets. In addition, parents must ensure that the bassinet is mechanically sound and that...
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PMID: 18582899
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Habitual restraint use was reported for 92.5% of children. The frequency of habitual use decreased with increasing child's age (p = 0.0143). Among children 3-7 years, correct restraint use was lower than in the previous survey (p = 0.0039). Increased child's age was associated with decreased likelih...
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PMID: 18474067
PDF is available here.
Abstract
When used correctly, child safety seats can reduce the risk of death and serious injury by 54% in toddlers and 71% in infants [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 2001. Traffic Safety Facts 2001. Children (DOT HS 809 471), U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC]. The p...
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PMID: 18606275
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Parents are more likely to make appropriate restraint choices for their children if they possess restraint knowledge specific to their children's age and size. Educational campaigns may be most effective when they provide information for specific ages and transition points. Strategies to overcome pa...
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PMID: 18523107
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Of the 508 deaths reviewed, 409 were unexplained and 99 were explained after investigation. Seventeen deaths occurred in a sitting device, of which 10 were unexplained. There was no excess of premature infants dying. However, there was an excess of infants of less than 1 month of age found to have d...
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PMID: 17641002
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There were no outcome differences between car seat users and non-car seat users. However, there were significant improvements in injury severity score (7.0 vs. 10.1, P = .002) and revised trauma score (7.6 vs 7.3, P = .013 for seat belt users compared to nonusers) even after matching on propensity s...
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PMID: 18485967
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Shopping carts continue to be an important cause of injuries among children. Directing safety awareness toward those families with children <5 years, mandatory safety standards, and modification of shopping cart design may decrease injury rates....
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PMID: 18460396
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The most common seating position for appropriately restrained child occupants in a child-restraint system is the right rear outboard. The center rear seating position is used less often by children restrained by a child-restraint system as they get older. Children seated in the center rear have a 43...
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PMID: 18450877
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To assess the risk of using portable cribs and playpens as sleep surfaces for infants, data from playpen/portable crib deaths occurring between January 1, 1999, and February 4, 2004, that were reported to the Consumer Product Safety Commission were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-one playpen/portab...
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PMID: 18057162
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Trauma due to road crashes is the leading cause of death and injury in Canadian children younger than 14 years, despite mandatory use of vehicle restraints since 1977. A multisite intervention study using a pretest-posttest design was conducted in four Ontario cities to test the effectiveness of an...
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PMID: 18339338
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution ability of 4% sodium hypochlorite at increasing temperatures with the use of a baby bottle warmer. Twenty pieces of bovine pulp tissue from freshly extracted incisors and canines were weighted and randomly distributed among four groups in...
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PMID: 18352903
PDF is available here.
Abstract
699 of 3959 questionnaires were returned (response rate, 18%), of which seven lacked essential details. The remaining 692 responses provided information on 1500 children. Of these children, 633 aged 4-11 years fell within the recommended height range for using booster seats, but only 29% were typica...
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PMID: 18341454
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to expand the American Academy of Pediatrics' (AAP) car safety seat testing recommendation to include high-risk infants following cardiac surgery. Car safety seat testing (< or =4 days prior to discharge) was retrospectively reviewed for 66 postoperative infants. Car sa...
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PMID: 17674081
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a case where adult 3-point restraint used without booster seat was responsible for severe thoracic injury resulting in complete shoulder and clavicle dislocation, occipito-atloidal dislocation, and complete disruption of right common carotid artery in a 7-year-old boy. Misplacement of the...
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PMID: 18347494
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In 2005 in Auckland, New Zealand, the prevalence of wrapping cot mattresses in polythene, which has been recommended for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention by proponents of the toxic gas theory, was 21.7%. This cannot account for the 63% decline in SIDS from 1994 to 2004.
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PMID: 17641915
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Infant use of cot mattresses with exposed PU foam leads to accumulation of proteins within the PU, which can promote bacterial growth. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The study provides a mechanistic explanation for increased levels of bacteria associated with exposed PU of cot mattresses. In...
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PMID: 18042213
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This is the first observational study of booster seat use in this Milwaukee population with appropriate restraint use varying widely from reported state and national data. The low rates of appropriate booster seat use, particularly by Latino and African American caregivers and those living in low-in...
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PMID: 18570146
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Evaluation of injury criteria based on the quantitative analysis of the simulations yielded that the implementation of load-limiting behavior in the upper tether and lower LATCH anchors was effective in reducing the head injury criteria by approximately 60 to 70%. CONCLUSION: Implementation of load-...
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PMID: 18570147
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Based on estimates from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), there were about 25,000 baby walker-related injuries treated annually in U.S. hospital emergency departments during the early 1990s. This amounted to about 8 injuries for every 1000 baby walkers in use. Most injuries resulte...
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PMID: 18215533
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This manuscript reports the results of an evaluation of two community-based booster seat promotion programs in Michigan; one program focused on a low-income community, while the other focused on a Hispanic community. Each community received funding to develop and implement a booster seat interventio...
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PMID: 18215561
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The average birth weight of the study infants was 3.1 +/- 0.5 kg. Two patients were born at less than 37 weeks gestation. Surgical procedures included modified Blalock-Taussig shunt technique (n = 15), arterial switch operation (n = 12), Norwood Sano modification (n = 11), coarctation repair (n = 8)...
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PMID: 17786375
PDF is available here.