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Genes, pX (0):
Recent article
Genes, pX
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia, was the first human retrovirus to be isolated. It is now the 30(th) anniversary of the initial discovery of HTLV-1. This review discusses recent insights into the role of the HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein in cellul...
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PMID: 20970064
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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médecine/sciences (26)4 2010
Abstract
We described the characterization of a novel viral protein that we have termed HBZ for HTLV-1 bZIP factor. This viral factor is encoded on the antisense strand of HTLV-1 proviral DNA, demonstrating the existence of antisense transcription from a promoter located in the 3' LTR. HBZ can negatively con...
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PMID: 20412744
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The results indicated that HTLV-I integration was preferentially directed towards genomic environments with high C:G content, and toward genes that replicate early, regulate cell cycle or involved with signal transduction....
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PMID: 20128347
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe here Tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) as an interferon (IFN)-alpha antagonist counteracting the transactivation function of IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3). Co-expression of Tax, but not the Tax mutant unable to bind to CBP, significantly inhibited the repo...
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PMID: 18678383
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Journal of Infectious Diseases (196)12 2007
Abstract
We used a synthetic tetramer of DRB1*0101 and its epitope peptide to analyze HTLV-1-specific CD4(+) T cells ex vivo. The frequency of tetramer(+)CD4(+) T cells was significantly greater in patients with HAM/TSP than in healthy HTLV-1 carriers (HCs) at a given proviral load and correlated with HTLV-1...
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PMID: 18190256
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We genetically characterized the tax gene from 63 HTLV-1-positive Argentinean individuals, including 14 patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and 49 healthy HTLV-1 carriers. RFLP analysis showed that 48 samples yielded the tax A profile (76.19%) and that 15 samples...
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PMID: 17919108
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (282)26 2007
Abstract
We biochemically characterized the quaternary complex formed by Tax, CREB, KIX, and the viral CRE by examining the individual molecular interactions that contribute to Tax stabilization in the complex. Our data show KIX, Ser(133)-phosphorylated CREB, and vCRE DNA are all required for stable Tax inco...
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PMID: 17449469
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
HTLV-1/2 proviral burden was significantly higher among patients with HIV-HTLV-1 coinfection than among patients with HIV-HTLV-2 coinfection. Highly active antiretroviral therapy may be of limited value in controlling virus expression of HTLV-1/2 in patients with HIV-HTLV-1/2 coinfection....
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PMID: 17407044
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Immunology (178)9 2007
Abstract
We sequenced a large number of HTLV-I tax genes from HLA-A*02 HAM/TSP patients and estimated synonymous and nonsynonymous changes of the genes to detect positive selection pressure on the virus. We found the pressures in three of six CTL epitopes in HTLV-I Tax, where amino acid substitutions prefere...
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PMID: 17442981
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cancer Control (14)2 2007
Abstract
Although the precise mechanism of leukemogenesis of ATL remains unclear, recent progress provides important clues in oncogenesis by HTLV-I. Future research should focus on the composition of novel therapeutic strategies, including prevention, based on the evidence in the leukemogenic mechanisms....
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PMID: 17387298
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the pXBL polymorphisms of 30 isolates from four countries. Rates of overall and synonymous substitutions were consistently lower, and nucleotide/amino acid composition bias and codon bias higher, in more-overlapped than in less-overlapped regions. Ratios of nonsynonymous/synonymous substit...
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PMID: 17239558
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Herein, we analyzed the role of p30 in cell cycle regulation. Jurkat T-cells transduced with a p30 expressing lentivirus vector accumulated in the G2-M phase of cell cycle. We then analyzed key proteins involved in G2-M checkpoint activation. p30 expression in Jurkat T-cells resulted in an increase...
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PMID: 17634129
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review the state of the art regarding our understanding of ATL leukemogenesis and new potential molecular targets in ATL therapy....
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PMID: 18027200
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Links between human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 and adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) were first suspected in 1980. Provirus integration has since been found in all ATL cells. Although the viral Tax protein is involved in the proliferation of the infected cells during the preleukemic stage, Tax expression...
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PMID: 18027202
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (80)21 2006
Abstract
We inoculated uninfected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the HTLV-1-producing cell line MT-2 into NOD-SCID, common gamma-chain knockout mice (human PBMC-NOG mice). HTLV-1 infection was confirmed with the detection of proviral DNA in recovered samples. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were fou...
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PMID: 16943297
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (80)21 2006
Abstract
We demonstrate proper incorporation of histone H1 into chromatin. Addition of H1 to the chromatin template reduces HTLV-1 transcriptional activation through a novel mechanism. Specifically, H1 does not inhibit CREB or Tax binding to the vCREs or p300 recruitment to the promoter. Rather, H1 directly...
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PMID: 16943293
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (80)21 2006
Abstract
We found that beta-catenin protein was overexpressed in the nucleus and that beta-catenin-dependent transcription was significantly enhanced in Tax-positive HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines compared to that in Tax-negative HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. Transfection with beta-catenin-specific small inter...
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PMID: 16920823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Vox Sanguinis (91)3 2006
Abstract
The HTLV PCR is a useful addition for HTLV confirmation, especially in serologically indeterminate samples and for look-back studies. HTLV PCR confirmation will provide additional useful information for donor medical staff for counselling donors....
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PMID: 16958835
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the molecular and epidemiological characterization of 128 human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) isolates from Brazilian patients with different clinical manifestations of the infection. Thirty-two percent of the patients were asymptomatic, 44% had HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tro...
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PMID: 17067264
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Oncology Reports (16)3 2006
Abstract
We examined the epigenetic mechanisms involved in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax expression. Blockade of histone deacetylation with trichostatin A (TSA) resulted in Tax upregulation. Using a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, we verified local histone hyperacetylation a...
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PMID: 16865259
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that HTLV-1 infection induces interferon (IFN)-gamma production in the spinal cords of HAM-resistant strains but not in those of WKAH rats. Neurons were the major cells that produced IFN-gamma in HTLV-1-infected, HAM-resistant strains. Administration of IFN-gamma suppressed expression of pX...
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PMID: 16816372
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We named 'mitotic lobulation' in A549 cells just before the exit from mitosis and multinuclei formation. External expression of wild-type Bub1-EGFP clearly suppressed the multinuclei formation by retaining A549 cells at the mitotic phase during 48 h of time-lapse observation. This suppressive effect...
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PMID: 16449967
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Virus Genes (32)3 2006
Abstract
We found that sequence variations in the rex gene of each virus result in amino acid differences significantly more often than variations in the tax gene. For all three viruses the highest ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous changes was found in the rex gene. In the overlapping regions of tax and...
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PMID: 16732475
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Infectious Diseases (193)11 2006
Abstract
We examined Foxp3 expression by flow cytometry. Our analysis showed that HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis was associated with a lower expression (compared with that in asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers and healthy donors) of Foxp3 in peripheral-blood leukocytes. In individuals in...
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PMID: 16652285
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Immunology Letters (105)1 2006
Abstract
We selectively immortalized antigen-responsive T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs were stimulated with either alloantigen or soluble antigen, then infected with a murine leukemia virus-based retroviral vector carrying an immortalizing gene, either the Tax gene from...
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PMID: 16442639
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors have been shown to form heterodimers with cAMP-responsive element binding protein 2 (CREB-2), a transcription factor involved in regulating basal and Tax-mediated transactivation of the human T cell leuke...
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PMID: 16458341
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Medicine (12)4 2006
Abstract
We describe the generation of HTLV-I Tax transgenic mice using the Lck proximal promoter to restrict transgene expression to developing thymocytes. After prolonged latency periods, transgenic mice developed diffuse large-cell lymphomas and leukemia with clinical, pathological and immunological featu...
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PMID: 16550188
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Leukemia Research (30)3 2006
Abstract
We examined the effects of curcumin on AP-1 activity in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. Curcumin suppressed the constitutive AP-1 DNA-binding and transcriptional activity in HTLV-1-infected T-cell line. Curcumin also inhibited HTLV-1 Tax-induced AP-1 transcriptional activity. JunD was detectable as a...
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PMID: 16157375
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified a T-to-C mutation 2 nucleotides (nt) upstream from the AG in a GT-AG intron between exons 2 and 3 in the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) tax mRNA. This mutation resulted in the preferential usage of an alternative splice site, causing a 75-nt elongation of tax mRNA and redu...
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PMID: 16139410
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined the premature stop codons in tax gene as one of the mutations that may lead to escape of HTLV-I from the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in HTLV-I carriers, to test whether a putative CTL escape mutant can emerge in the early stage of ATL development and whether HTLV-I infected cel...
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PMID: 16052518
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Retrovirology (3)1 2006
Abstract
These results suggest that Tax1BP2 may be an important block to centrosome re-duplication that is observed in normal cells. Presently, a specific cellular protein that prevents centrosome re-duplication has not been identified. This paper has provided further insight into how Tax induces centrosome...
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PMID: 16899128
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
After cell-to-cell transmission, HTLV-I increases its viral genome by de novo infection and proliferation of infected cells. Proliferation of infected cells is clonal and persistent in vivo. During the carrier state, infected cells are selected in vivo by the host's immune system, the genetic and ep...
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PMID: 16155611
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I briefly review the discovery and characterization of the first human retrovirus, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, focusing on contributions from Japanese researchers. The unique regulatory mechanisms for the viral regulation with Tax and Rex, etiology of ATL and possible leukemogenic mechanism...
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PMID: 16155600
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined the effect of feeding a cholesterol-enriched diet on the development of hypercholesterolemia in pX transgenic mice, which spontaneously develop chronic inflammatory arthritis. Cholesterol feeding to pX transgenic mice induced a striking elevation in serum total cholesterol (ca. 500 mg/dl...
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PMID: 16141549
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the North of Argentina, an endemic area for HTLV-1, intrafamilial transmission of this virus has been observed. The HTLV-1 status in 13 family members of a seropositive blood donor from the central region of Argentina (non-endemic area) was investigated. According to serological and molecular ass...
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PMID: 15902707
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Laboratory Investigation (85)7 2005
Abstract
Our model described here is a useful unique model for in vivo malignant transformation....
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PMID: 15924152
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously reported that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inhibits growth in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-positive T-cell lines and fresh cells from patients with adult T-cell leukemia. However, the mechanism of this inhibition is not clear. In the present study, we observed that NF-...
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PMID: 15843825
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine the variation of the tax and rex genes of BLV. The tax and rex genes share 420 bases and have overlapping reading frames. The tax gene encodes a protein that functions as a transactivator of the BLV promoter, is required for viral replication, acts on cellular promoters, and is responsibl...
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PMID: 15702995
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We thus characterized the sensitivity of ATLL cells to TRAIL in this study. Although most primary ATLL cells and cell lines expressed TRAIL death receptors on their surface, they showed only restricted sensitivity to TRAIL. Among the 10 ATLL cell lines examined, one was sensitive, but two had insuff...
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PMID: 15638862
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Immunologic Research (32)1-3 2005
Abstract
The pathogenesis of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-induced adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) was explored using an infectious molecular viral clone and a transgenic mouse model. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB by the HTLV transcriptional transactivator protein Tax was found to be importan...
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PMID: 16106073
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Intervirology (48)6 2005
Abstract
HTLV-1 tax-like sequences were revealed in blood and for the first time in saliva from MF patients living in an HTLV-1 nonendemic region. Expression of tax-like sequences was confirmed by both reverse transcription PCR and Western blot.
Copyright (c) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel....
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PMID: 16024940
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We sequenced the p12 gene in 144 HAM/TSP patients, 41 adult T cell leukemia (ATL) patients, and in 46 ACs. p12K was observed in only two HAM/TSP patients, but was not present in either ATL patients or ACs. Interestingly, a premature termination codon in the p12 was observed in 5.6% of HAM/TSP patien...
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PMID: 15585100
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (78)20 2004
Abstract
We report that both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 have evolved accessory genes to encode proteins that act as negative regulators of both Tax and Rex. HTLV-1 p30(II) and the related HTLV-2 p28(II) inhibit virion production by binding to and retaining tax/rex mRNA in the nucleus. Reduction of viral replication i...
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PMID: 15452228
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the highly frequent expression of CCL5 (RANTES) in ATL and HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines. Among various human T-cell lines, those infected with HTLV-I selectively expressed the CCL5 gene and secreted CCL5. Furthermore, CCL5 was expressed by leukemic cells in peripheral blood and lymph nodes...
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PMID: 15239133
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We investigated the effects of PS-341, a peptide boronate inhibitor of the proteasome in HTLV-1 Tax transgenic tumors in vitro and in vivo. In Tax transgenic mice, PS-341 administered thrice weekly inhibited tumor-associated NF-kappaB activity. Quantitation of proliferation, apoptosis, and interleuk...
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PMID: 15090453
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that in a sheep model, only CD5(-) B cells proliferated clonally, while CD5(+) B cells rapidly decreased when the disease progressed to the lymphoma stage. We demonstrate here that, although both CD5(+) and CD5(-) B cells, but not CD4(+) T, CD8(+) T and gammadeltaTCR(+)T cells, are protecte...
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PMID: 15158193
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that his results apparently represent false-positive cases of the ML-based method and that there is no solid evidence that this gene contains positively selected sites. We further demonstrate that in the tax gene of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), all codon sites, including...
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PMID: 15014169
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) associated cell lines and fresh adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells. We compared 2 types of HTLV-I associated cell lines: one was derived from leukemic cells (leukemic cell line) and the other from nonleukemic cells (nonleukemic cell line). Altho...
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PMID: 14991578
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (78)8 2004
Abstract
We introduced short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against Tax in a rat HTLV-1-infected T-cell line. Our results demonstrated that expression of siRNA targeting Tax successfully downregulated Tax expression. Repression of Tax expression was associated with resistance of the HTLV-1-infected T cells to Tax...
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PMID: 15047798
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cancer Research (64)6 2004
Abstract
We show that ATL and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy patients exhibit high plasma levels of functional vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. The viral oncoprotein Tax transactivates the promoter of the gap-junction protein connexin-43 and enhances gap-junction-mediated...
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PMID: 15026341
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
International Immunology (16)3 2004
Abstract
We generated a double-mutant mouse by crossing two murine models of RA, a gp130 mutant knock-in mouse (gp130F759/F759) and an HTLV-1 pX transgenic mouse (pX-Tg), in a C57BL/6 background, which is resistant to arthritis. The mice spontaneously developed severe arthritis with a much earlier onset than...
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PMID: 14978019
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Medicine (10)2 2004
Abstract
We report that HTLV-1 has evolved a genetic function to restrict its own replication by a novel post-transcriptional mechanism. The HTLV-1-encoded p30(II) is a nuclear-resident protein that binds to, and retains in the nucleus, the doubly spliced mRNA encoding the Tax and Rex proteins. Because Tex a...
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PMID: 14730358
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Laboratory Investigation (84)2 2004
Abstract
We earlier reported that Fischer 344/jcl strain (F344) rats carrying a unique pX gene of human T lymphocyte virus type I (HTLV-I) under control of a rat lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (p56lck) type I promoter (lck-pX rats) spontaneously developed epithelial thymomas from the thymic medu...
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PMID: 14688799
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have used real-time RT-PCR with splice-site specific primers to accurately measure the levels of individual pX mRNA species in chronically infected T cell lines. We have asked whether virus regulatory proteins or ectopic expression of cellular factors influence pX mRNA splicing in cells that were...
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PMID: 14675632
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Journal of Antibiotics (56)11 2003
Abstract
In addition to malbranicin (1) and dihydromalbranicin (5), new substituted quinones 2, 3, 6 and hydroquinone 4 were isolated from the culture brothes of two strains of Malbranchea cinnamomea. The chemical constitutions of new metabolites 2, 3, 4 and 6 were elucidated by optical spectroscopy, mass sp...
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PMID: 14763557
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude that, as HTLV-1, STLV-1 mainly replicates by the clonal expansion of infected cells; accordingly, STLV-1 natural monkey infection constitutes an appropriate and promising model for the study of HTLV-1 associated leukemogenesis in vivo.
Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc....
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PMID: 12925959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.