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R Factors (0):
Recent article
R Factors
Abstract
The multiple drug resistance (MDR) is a serious health problem and major challenge to the global drug discovery programmes. Most of the genetic determinants that confer resistance to antibiotics are located on R-plasmids in bacteria. The present investigation was undertaken to investigate the abilit...
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PMID: 20693597
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PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We will summarize recent understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to the RK2 DNA replication and partitioning.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20600283
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PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present the complete 28.15kb nucleotide sequence of pSK1 and discuss the genetic content and evolution of the 14kb region that is conserved throughout the pSK1 plasmid family. In addition to the previously characterized plasmid maintenance functions, this backbone region encodes 12 putative gene...
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PMID: 20547176
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A total of 273 Escherichia coli isolates from raw and treated municipal wastewaters were investigated to evaluate the frequency and persistence of antibiotic resistance and to detect the occurrence of conjugative R plasmids and integrons. The highest resistance rates were against ampicillin (22.71%)...
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PMID: 19240351
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Current Microbiology (58)2 2009
Abstract
Probiotic compounds, which are often constituted of lactobacilli, exert a number of health benefits through maintenance of the intestinal ecosystem balance. Among the important interactions that occur in the gut microbiota, plasmid transfer by mating is an increasing cause of concern, particularly w...
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PMID: 18810532
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A total of 54 gram-negative bacteria obtained from various pathological labs and hospitals of Karachi were screened for their resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline antibiotics. Of the 54 bacteria, 50 were resistant to one or more an...
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PMID: 19168419
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FASEB Journal (23)1 2009
Abstract
We have used in vitro transcription of the kan gene by the T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) in the presence of AID and a genetic reversion assay for kanamycin-resistance to investigate the causes of multiple clustered mutations (MCMs) during somatic hypermutations. We find that, depending on transcription c...
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PMID: 18772346
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Reconstitution of a plasmid spindle shows how three components together accomplish the task of DNA segregation.
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A conjugative plasmid, pMRV150, which mediated multiple-drug resistance (MDR) to at least six antibiotics, including ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was identified in a Vibrio cholerae O139 isolate from Hangzhou, eastern China,...
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PMID: 18710912
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Screening of 368 consecutive nonreplicate clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to nalidixic acid and at least one extended-spectrum beta-lactam revealed the presence of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS determinants, and identified novel qnrB variants, in Citrobacter freundii isolates. This study al...
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PMID: 18725444
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mikrobiyoloji bulteni (42)4 2008
Abstract
Plasmid mediated AmpC beta-lactamases are reported from Enterobacteriaceae with increasing frequency. There have been reports of treatment failures in patients infected with these organisms and given broad-spectrum cephalosporins. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of plasmid medi...
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PMID: 19149075
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that in situ transfer of plasmids and the exchange of antibiotic-resistant genes can occur between released and indigenous bacteria in activated sludge....
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PMID: 18930008
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study provides the first report of a floR-carrying plasmid in the genus Aeromonas and the first description of a tetR-tet(Y) determinant. The analysis of the multiresistant A. bestiarum strain indicates that strains of this species, some of which are opportunistic pathogens for fish, might also...
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PMID: 18413319
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I DNA restriction-modification (R-M) system. Three toxin/antitoxin systems and the R-M system ensured stabilization of the plasmid in the host bacteria. These data suggest that the mosaic structure of pIP1206 could have resulted from recombination between pRSB107 and a pAPEC-O1-ColBM-like plasmid, c...
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PMID: 18458128
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The large conjugative multidrug resistance (MDR) plasmid pOLA52 was sequenced and annotated. The plasmid encodes two phenotypes normally associated with the chromosomes of opportunistic pathogens, namely MDR via a resistance-nodulation-division (RND)-type efflux-pump (oqxAB), and the formation of ty...
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PMID: 18440636
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mikrobiyoloji bulteni (42)3 2008
Abstract
In this study, a plasmid, carrying ampicillin resistance (ampR) gene, isolated from a clinical isolate of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium presenting ACSSuT (ampicilin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamide, tetracycline) resistance phenotype, was defined. The length of complete sequen...
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PMID: 18822880
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEMS Microbiology Letters (284)1 2008
Abstract
The 46-kb plasmid pSK41 is the prototype of a family of staphylococcal conjugative multiresistance plasmids. Sequence analyses have revealed the presence of a putative resolvase gene, res, on pSK41, and identical or related genes carried by other staphylococcal multiresistance plasmids. Carriage of...
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PMID: 18492061
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Each MDR A. salmonicida isolate carried the same plasmid, which was related to plasmid pSN254. This is the first report of plasmid-mediated florfenicol-resistant A. salmonicida in North America. In addition, it is the first report of a plasmid-associated AmpC beta-lactamase sequence in a member of t...
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PMID: 18375380
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The pMLST method was suitable for rapid and easy subtyping of IncI1 plasmids. This study demonstrates that the pMLST method can contribute to the epidemiological description of circulation of specific resistance plasmids among beta-lactamase producers isolated from animals and humans....
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PMID: 18367460
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Fish Diseases (31)6 2008
Abstract
We also detected gyrA and/or parC mutants that are highly resistant to old and new generation quinolones. This study revealed that transferable R-plasmids encoding EM, LCM and TC are widely distributed and are conserved regardless of the area and/or time of collection....
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PMID: 18471102
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endodontics (34)5 2008
Abstract
Multiple bacterial species coexisting in infected root canals might interact, but evidence for interspecies gene transfer is lacking. This study tested the hypothesis that horizontal exchange of antibiotic resistance can occur between different bacterial species in root canals. Transfer of the conju...
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PMID: 18436036
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Le infezioni in medicina : rivista periodica di eziologia, epidemiologia, diagnostica, clinica e terapia delle patologie infettive (16 Suppl2) 2008
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones acts by interacting with type II topoisomerases (DNA gyrase and topoisomerases IV). Related to this mechanism of action, bacteria have developed resistance mechanisms consisting in some target mutations (GyrA/GyrB for DNA gyrase and ParC/ParE for topoisomerase IV) or in a reduced ac...
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PMID: 18843219
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida is a bacterial fish pathogen that causes a disease known as pasteurellosis. Two transferable multiple-drug resistance (R) plasmids, pP99-018 (carrying resistance to kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfonamide) and pP91278 (carrying resistance to...
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PMID: 18070959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plasmids of incompatibility group (Inc) HI1 are important vectors of antibiotic resistance in both of the major causal agents of enteric fever: Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi and S. Paratyphi A. In S. Typhi, IncHI1 plasmids appeared in the 1970s and spread glob...
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PMID: 19741288
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbiology (154)Pt 1 2008
Abstract
The conjugative plasmid pOLA52, which confers resistance to olaquindox and other antimicrobial agents through a multidrug efflux pump, was investigated for its ability to promote biofilm formation in Escherichia coli. Screening of a transposon-mutagenized pOLA52 clone library revealed several biofil...
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PMID: 18174137
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The TraM protein encoded by plasmid R1 has three functions in conjugative transfer: (i) it positively controls transfer gene expression, (ii) it stimulates efficient site-specific ssDNA cleavage at the oriT in vivo and (iii) it couples the relaxosome to the envelope-bound transport complex. Plasmid...
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PMID: 18082262
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of tetracycline and oxytetracycline resistance determinants in Bacillus cereus strains isolated from honey samples. Of a total of 77 isolates analyzed, 30 (39%) exhibited resistance to tetracyclines according to the results of a disk diffusion me...
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PMID: 19213248
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Conjugation potential and class 1 integron carriage of resident plasmids in river water copiotrophs.
Abstract
Plasmid content was investigated in hundred copiotrophic Gram-negative river water isolates that exhibited resistance to four or more antibiotics. A total of seventy-seven isolates were found to carry plasmids of varying sizes. These isolates were primarily grouped as Pseudomonads and members of Ent...
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PMID: 18088011
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These data suggest that the introduction of nalidixic acid in veterinary medicine seemed to affect the susceptibilities of Salmonella Dublin among the cattle population in Japan, whereas the introduction of enrofloxacin has not caused any additional effect. The prudent use of antimicrobials in the v...
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PMID: 17956907
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The APA (Arcelin/Phytohemagglutinin/alpha-Amylase inhibitor) gene family is composed of various members, present in Phaseolus species and coding for lectin and lectin-related seed proteins having the double role of storage and defense proteins. Here members of the APA family have been identified by...
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PMID: 17701394
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
One hundred and twenty-six extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates of Klebsiella spp. were collected in 1998, 2002 and 2003 from seven outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of five Hungarian county and teaching hospitals. The isolates were multidrug resistant but we...
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PMID: 17369027
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEMS Microbiology Letters (271)1 2007
Abstract
Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolates carrying the bla(CTX-M-9) gene located on plasmids prevailed at the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain in the 1996-1999 period. The bla(CTX-M-9)-carrying plasmids showed a great variability in size, suggesting the mobilization of...
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PMID: 17391369
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
EMBO Reports (8)5 2007
Abstract
Plasmids are units of extrachromosomal genetic inheritance found in all kingdoms of life. They replicate autonomously and undergo stable propagation in their hosts. Despite their small size, plasmid replication and gene expression constitute a metabolic burden that compromises their stable maintenan...
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PMID: 17471262
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have further assessed the functionality of the replication region in pSJ5.6, an-iteron type plasmid, using in vivo complementation assays in Escherichia coli. A 2.1kb PstI-RsaI fragment containing the ori1 and repA gene of pSJ5.6 was cloned into vector pZErO -2 to obtain pZA-MRR. The pUC origin i...
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PMID: 17137626
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (38)1 2007
Abstract
The 1940s and 1950s were marked by intense debates over the origin of drug resistance in microbes. Bacteriologists had traditionally invoked the notions of 'training' and 'adaptation' to account for the ability of microbes to acquire new traits. As the field of bacterial genetics emerged, however, i...
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PMID: 17324813
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We reconstituted the three-component segregation system of the R1 plasmid from purified components. We found that the ParR/parC complex can construct a simple bipolar spindle by binding the ends of ParM filaments, inhibiting dynamic instability, and acting as a ratchet permitting incorporation of ne...
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PMID: 17332412
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Salud Publica de Mexico (49)6 2007
Abstract
The dissemination of cephalosporin resistance was due to related plasmids carrying the ESBL genes....
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PMID: 18176701
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin systems were discovered as plasmid auxiliary maintenance cassettes. In recent years, an increasing amount of structural and functional information has become available about the proteins involved, allowing the understanding of bacterial cell growth inhibition by the toxins on a molec...
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PMID: 17305597
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbiology (152)Pt 12 2006
Abstract
All strains of the moderately thermophilic, acidophilic, sulphur-oxidizing bacterium Acidithiobacillus caldus that have been tested contain a set of chromosomal arsenic resistance genes. Highly arsenic-resistant strains isolated from commercial arsenopyrite bio-oxidation tanks contain additional tra...
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PMID: 17159207
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone resistance is emerging in gram-negative pathogens worldwide. The traditional understanding that quinolone resistance is acquired only through mutation and transmitted only vertically does not entirely account for the relative ease with which resistance develops in exquisitely suscept...
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PMID: 17008172
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent research on plant responses to bacterial attack has identified extracellular and intracellular host receptors that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns and more specialized virulence proteins, respectively. These findings have shed light on our understanding of the molec...
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PMID: 16936700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEMS Microbiology Letters (261)2 2006
Abstract
We pursued proteins that cause plasmid over-replication as potential antimicrobial agents. Our focus was on the pir-encoded pi protein of plasmid R6K that possesses both positive and negative functions in controlling gamma origin-based replication. We observed that three of four pir mutations examin...
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PMID: 16907728
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Medical Microbiology (55)Pt 7 2006
Abstract
The antimicrobial resistance of 122 Shigella sonnei isolates obtained in Korea during the period 1991-2000 was characterized. These isolates were highly resistant to traditional antibiotics such as trimethoprim (100 %), streptomycin (100 %), sulfamethoxazole (94 %), tetracycline (93 %) and nalidixic...
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PMID: 16772414
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Microbiology (115)1-3 2006
Abstract
An erm(C)-carrying plasmid of unusual size and restriction map, designated pSES22, was identified in a Staphylococcus saprophyticus strain and sequenced completely. Constitutive expression of the erm(C) gene from pSES22 is based on a novel 22-bp tandem duplication in the erm(C) translational attenua...
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PMID: 16487670
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review novel multidrug resistance islands recently described in Salmonella....
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PMID: 16716633
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesize that these plasmid-encoded gyrase toxins might contribute to, or predispose towards, clinically significant fluoroquinolone resistance, and that the plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance determinant, Qnr, may facilitate this. Establishing the extent and mechanisms of cross-resistance t...
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PMID: 16585131
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mutation Research (612)3 2006
Abstract
pKM101 is a mutagenesis-enhancing resistance transfer plasmid (R plasmid) that was introduced into several tester strains used in the Salmonella/microsome mutation assay (Ames test). Plasmid pKM101 has contributed substantially to the effectiveness of the Ames assay, which is used on a world-wide ba...
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PMID: 16716644
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Journal of Nursing (106)4 2006
Abstract
Journal of Bacteriology (188)8 2006
Abstract
Xer-mediated dimer resolution at the mwr site of the multiresistance plasmid pJHCMW1 is osmoregulated in Escherichia coli containing either the Escherichia coli Xer recombination machinery or Xer recombination elements from K. pneumoniae. In the presence of K. pneumoniae XerC (XerC(Kp)), the efficie...
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PMID: 16585742
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genetika (Moskva) (42)3 2006
Abstract
I restriction-modification enzymes. The ArdA of R64 is highly homologous to ColIb-P9 ArdA, differing only by four amino acid residues of the overall 166. However, unlike ColIb-P9 ArdA, which inhibits both the endonuclease and the methylase activities of EcoKI, the R64 ArdA protein inhibits only the...
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PMID: 16649659
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to search for plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance determinants QnrA and QnrS in fluoroquinolone-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacterial isolates recovered in Sydney, Australia, in 2002. Twenty-three fluoroquinolone-resistant, of whic...
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PMID: 16922624
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plasmid elimination test showed that Usnic acid could eliminate the resistant plasmid in Sa effectively. At 24th and 48th hour after the treatment of Usnic acid, the elimination rate of resistant plasmid was 5.2% and 16.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: Usnic acid can eliminate the antibiotic-resistant p...
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PMID: 16722317
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Periodontology 2000 (42) 2006
Abstract
Abstract
Among 13 outbreak causing isolates in 1991, 9 (69.23%) showed AmChlCotTet-resistance, while 4 (30.77%) Cot-resistance only. During 1992-1994, all 13 isolates were susceptible to Am, Chl, Cot and Tet. During 1995-2005, isolates demonstrated different resistance patterns and emergence of nalidixic aci...
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PMID: 16855314
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The group of 50 clinical MRSA strains resistant to MLS-B was examined for the presence of ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA/B genes by using PCR. Gene ermA was found in 43 strains (86%). 20 of ermA strains demonstrated inducible whereas 23 constitutive type of expression. The gene ermC was present in 15 of exa...
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PMID: 17340992
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed bacterial samples recovered from turtle farms and found that strains of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae and other bacteria, such as Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, were resistant to high concentrations of gentamici...
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PMID: 16391058
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plasmid R1 is a low-copy-number plasmid belonging to the IncFII group. The genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, and physiology of R1 replication and its control are summarised and discussed in the present communication. Replication of R1 starts at a unique origin, oriR1, and proceeds unidirect...
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PMID: 16199086
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.