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Great Lakes Region (8):
Recent article
Great Lakes Region
Abstract
These results suggest opportunities to improve the environmental performance of freight transport through infrastructure development, technology implementation, and economic incentives....
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PMID: 20681436
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
Concentrations of atrazine and metolachlor and stereoisomer fractions (SF = herbicidally active/total stereoisomers) of metolachlor were determined in 101 surface water samples collected from the five Laurentian Great Lakes in 2005-2006. Geometric mean (GM) concentrations of atrazine ranged from 5.5...
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PMID: 20504016
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Leeches are widespread in the Great Lakes Basin, yet their potential to harbor disease-causing agents has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the bacterial community of the commonly occurring leech, Myzobdella lugubris, within the Lake Erie Watershed. Leech samples were...
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PMID: 20597437
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have developed a rapid and sensitive one-step quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay that amplifies a 100-base-pair conserved segment from both the genomic negative strand and the mRNA positive strand of the nucleoprotein (N) gene of VHSV IVb. This assay is linear over s...
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PMID: 20575365
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Thirty-four years of data from the Great Lakes Fish Monitoring Program (GLFMP) show significant changes in the behavior of most contaminants in lake trout over time consistent with changes in contaminant inputs following regulation and remediation. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) show positive...
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PMID: 20163091
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cladophora in the Great Lakes grows rapidly during the warm summer months, detaches, and becomes free-floating mats as a result of environmental conditions, eventually becoming stranded on recreational beaches. Cladophora provides protection and nutrients, which allow enteric bacteria such as Escher...
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PMID: 20595755
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This review and statistical analysis was conducted to better understand the nature and significance of environmental exposures in the Great Lakes Basin and watershed to a variety of environmental contaminants. These contaminants of interest included current-use pesticides, pharmaceuticals, organic w...
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PMID: 20652664
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We measured the thiaminase I activities of crude extracts from five forage fish species and one strain of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus over a range of pH values. The clupeids, alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum, had very similar thiaminase I pH dependencies, with opti...
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PMID: 20218495
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We sought to better understand the combined effects of variable levels of thiamine and fatty acids in lake trout eggs on prehatch, posthatch, and swim-up-stage mortality. We sampled the eggs of 29 lake trout females from southwestern Lake Michigan. The concentrations of free thiamine and its vitamer...
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PMID: 20218500
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that there were significant differences in the egg thiamine content in lake trout Salvelinus namaycush fed two Lake Michigan prey fish (alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and bloater Coregonus hoyi). Lake trout fed alewives produced eggs low in thiamine, but it was unknown wheth...
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PMID: 20218501
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (19)7 2009
Abstract
We present an approach to evaluate wetland condition consisting of: (1) a stratified random sample representing the entire range of anthropogenic stress, (2) field data representing a range of water depths within the wetlands sampled, (3) nonmetric multidimensional scaling (MDS) to determine a biolo...
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PMID: 19831067
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Environmentally important perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates, as well as per- and polyfluorinated precursor compounds including several sulfonamides, telomer acids, and alcohols were determined in individual herring gull (Larus argentatus) eggs collected (in 2007) from 15 colonies located at...
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PMID: 19848159
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assess the costs and benefits of IAS for provisioning, regulating and cultural services, and illustrate the synergies and tradeoffs associated with these impacts using case studies that include South Africa, the Great Lakes and Hawaii. We identify services and interactions that are the least unde...
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PMID: 19577817
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report here data on atmospheric partial pressures of PCB-11 and of total PCBs at five sites around the Great Lakes and demonstrate that both total PCBs and PCB-11 track human population density. In addition, we show that with the exception of Chicago, the PCB congener pattern at our sampling site...
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PMID: 19764206
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Entomology (38)4 2009
Abstract
We compared the genetic diversity and the amount of genetic differentiation within and among 2 South Korean and 10 North American populations. Overall allelic polymorphism was low, never exceeding four alleles per locus. However, differences in genetic diversity were seen among South Korean and Nort...
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PMID: 19689913
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Entomology (38)4 2009
Abstract
These results provide support for focusing state and regional detection programs on the detection of emerald ash borer adults. If bark peeling for larvae is incorporated into these programs, peeling efforts focused below the crown base may increase likelihood of identifying new infestations while re...
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PMID: 19689904
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (19)3 2009
Abstract
We develop a model of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha)-Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs) dynamics based on free-swimming Lake Michigan fish by synthesizing population and epidemiological theory. Using the model, we expose critical uncertainties about the system, identify opportunities for ef...
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PMID: 19425436
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We developed a model of riverine N export for 18 Lake Michigan Basin watersheds based on N budgets at 5-year intervals from 1974 to 1992. N inputs explained a high proportion of the spatial variation in river export but virtually none of the temporal variation, whereas between year N export was rela...
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PMID: 19368192
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (19)2 2009
Abstract
We examined applicability of each of these alternate pathways in Great Lakes coastal marshes invaded by hybrid cattail (Typha x glauca). In a survey including transects in three marshes, we found that T. x glauca was associated with locally high soil nutrients, low light, and large amounts of litter...
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PMID: 19323198
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Light microscope observations of a haplosporidian in Diporeia spp. amphipods from Lakes Michigan and Huron, USA, found that the parasite spore is operculate and measures 8.1 microm in length and 6.1 microm in width. Round to amorphous sporocysts averaging 23.6 microm were present throughout hemal si...
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PMID: 19326796
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We suggest that urban and industrial areas, which are heavily populated, act as sources of PCDDs and PCDFs to the atmosphere....
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PMID: 19320154
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Pollution (157)1 2009
Abstract
A region-wide data analysis on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the sediment of the Great Lakes reveals a total accumulation of approximately 300+/-50 tonnes, representing a >30% reduction from the 1980s. Evidence of in situ degradation of sediment PCB was found, with estimated t(1/2) of 11 and 1...
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PMID: 18771832
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Zoological Science (26)1 2009
Abstract
We investigated the phylogeography of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, in eastern North America, using complete sequence of the mitochondrial ND1 gene from 369 samples collected at 15 sites. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two major lineages (northern and southern clades) in a parsimony net...
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PMID: 19267609
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Research (109)1 2009
Abstract
A variety of environmentally persistent contaminants of the Great Lakes Basin are able to bioaccumulate in the aquatic food chain and pose a threat to the health and reproductive success of people and wildlife that depend on locally caught fish as a source of dietary protein. Exposure to polychlorin...
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PMID: 18950754
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We PCR-amplified, cloned, and sequenced 1000 nucleotides downstream of the Pokey insertion site in genes with and without insertions from 10 obligately and 10 cyclically parthenogenetic isolates of Daphnia pulex. Variation among genes with Pokey insertions was higher than variation among genes witho...
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PMID: 19088812
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Extremes of the hydrologic cycle will accompany global warming, causing precipitation intensity to increase, particularly in middle and high latitudes. During the twentieth century, the frequency of major storms has already increased, and the total precipitation increase over this time period has pr...
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PMID: 18929971
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Toxicology (23)4 2008
Abstract
These results indicate that the genetic composition of the bloom could impact the concentrations and congeners of microcystin produced and that the cell count methods currently being used to gauge public health threats posed by Microcystis blooms may not sufficiently assess actual bloom toxicity....
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PMID: 18247416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We attempt to improve the emission inventory for PCBs by compiling and analyzing the multimedia total PCB emission/release data reported for the U.S Great Lakes states for each year from 1990 to 2000. Although Toxic Release Inventory (TRI), National Emissions Inventory (NEI), Great Lakes Regional Ai...
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PMID: 18720652
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We performed two experiments measuring extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) in polluted and unpolluted sediments of Lake Erie. In the first experiment, inoculations with moderate concentrations of copper and zinc appreciably diminished EEA from uncontaminated sites, whereas EEA from contaminated se...
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PMID: 18559016
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
As part of the Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN), air samples were collected at five sites around the Great Lakes (two urban, two rural, and one remote) every 12 days during 2005-2006, and the concentrations of polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-etha...
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PMID: 18678000
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (18)4 2008
Abstract
We used hierarchical partitioning to evaluate the independent influence of geomorphology, geography, and anthropogenic stress on common wetland plants of the U.S. Great Lakes coast and developed multi-taxa models indicating wetland condition. A seven-taxon model predicted condition relative to water...
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PMID: 18536257
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We present results from analysis of a 25-year data set documenting dietary change in a predatory seabird from the Laurentian Great Lakes. We reveal significant declines in trophic position and alterations in energy and nutrient flow over time. Temporal changes in seabird diet tracked decreases in pe...
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PMID: 18481511
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In total, 394 questing adult blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae), collected at four sites were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for five microbial species: Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei, Borrelia burgdorferi, and the rickettsial I. sc...
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PMID: 18402145
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our analysis demonstrates that transfer of an infected fish is most likely to occur at moderately low levels of pathogen prevalence because the probability of detecting at least one infected fish through screening increases as pathogen prevalence increases. Small screening samples (i.e., with a low...
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PMID: 18536499
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Lancet (371)9613 2008
Abstract
Microbial Ecology (55)2 2008
Abstract
We established extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) and substrate-induced respiration (SIR) profiles of sediment samples collected from littoral and profundal regions of the western, central, and eastern basins of Lake Erie. Lake Erie is spatially structured such that the central and western basins r...
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PMID: 17607503
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A unique time series of surface sediment, trapped settling material, and suspended particulate material polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) samples were collected at a 45-m deep site off Grand Haven (MI, USA) over a 14-month period. Both concentrations and congener distributions remained constant for the...
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PMID: 18348618
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We examined water level data (1860-2006) representing Lakes Michigan and Huron to evaluate changes in both long-term and seasonal patterns over time, and explore relationships with candidate predictor variables. Our tools for this analysis included both Seasonal Trend decomposition using Loess (STL)...
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PMID: 18284132
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We noticed an increasing f(syn) value in the calibration standard which became exacerbated as the liner got dirtier and suggested the prospect of DP degradation. Followup studies indicated these compounds were dechlorinated DP species produced on the injection liner. Using a clean injection liner, t...
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PMID: 18284131
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Health (7 Suppl 2)suppl 2 2008
The coastal environment and human health: microbial indicators, pathogens, sentinels and reservoirs.
Abstract
Innovative research relating oceans and human health is advancing our understanding of disease-causing organisms in coastal ecosystems. Novel techniques are elucidating the loading, transport and fate of pathogens in coastal ecosystems, and identifying sources of contamination. This research is faci...
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PMID: 19025674
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Health (7 Suppl 2)suppl 2 2008
Abstract
We understand best the effects of acute toxicity, but almost nothing is known about the effects of chronic, subacute toxin exposure. The OHH initiatives have brought scientists together to work collectively on HAB issues, within and across regions. The successes that have been achieved highlight the...
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PMID: 19025673
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The themes identified inform nursing practice by pointing out the importance of culture within traditional Indigenous healing, as well as the need for a holistic approach when caring for Indigenous people. Additionally, the Indigenous men healers acknowledged their connection with Western medicine a...
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PMID: 18649444
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are an increasing problem in the lower Laurentian Great Lakes. To better understand their occurrence and distribution, samples for particulate toxin analysis were collected from more than 140 New York Lakes including Lakes Erie, Champlain and Ontario. Microcystins were of...
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PMID: 18461769
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have collected samples in Lake Erie as part of the MELEE (Microbial Ecology of the Lake Erie Ecosystem) and MERHAB-LGL (Monitoring Event Responses for Harmful Algal Blooms in the Lower Great Lakes) research programs to develop appropriate tools and refine methods necessary to characterize the eco...
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PMID: 18461781
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been related to several waterborne diseases such as acute gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, and respiratory illness, and it has been shown that an important human exposure pathway is through recreational waters. However, HAdV occurrence at recreational freshwater beach...
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PMID: 17933924
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assess the suitability of species lists compiled from existing data sources for making watershed-level fish management and conservation decisions. For nine Great Lakes watersheds, we developed existing species lists by compiling all available federal and state agency and museum fish survey data....
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PMID: 17375272
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (17)6 2007
Abstract
We examined the degree to which the variance in effect size could be attributed to imprecision in the field sampling protocol used to estimate effect sizes, differences in catchment-scale landscape attributes between barrier and reference streams within pairs, and differences in landscape attributes...
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PMID: 17913140
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ecological Applications (17)6 2007
Abstract
We conducted a regional survey in the Chippewa and Chequamegon National Forests, in Minnesota and Wisconsin, U.S.A., respectively, to measure the extent and patterns of earthworm invasion and their relationship to potential earthworm introduction sites. We sampled earthworms, soils, and vegetation i...
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PMID: 17913131
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Tissues of 156 adult herring gulls (Larus argentatus) were sampled in the early 1990s from 11 colonies throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes and 2 reference colonies in Lake Winnipeg and the Bay of Fundy. Gulls from 1 or more Great Lakes differed from Lake Winnipeg or the Bay of Fundy for 17 of 19 c...
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PMID: 17687730
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our findings suggest that adult Great Lakes gulls suffered from chronic exposure to chemical stressors in the early 1990s sufficient to modulate endocrine function and physiological processes and induce structural changes in tissues....
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PMID: 17687731
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In May 2006 a large mortality of several thousand round gobies Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) occurred in New York waters of the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario. Necropsies of sampled fish from these areas showed pallor of the liver and gills, and hemorrhagic areas in many organs. Histopa...
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PMID: 17803104
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sediment traps were deployed in the three major basins of Lake Erie, and the central (Mississauga) basin of Lake Ontario, and refurbished seasonally over the period 2000-2002. In Lake Ontario, sediment down-flux rates and corresponding contaminant down-flux rates were highest in winter during period...
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PMID: 17057964
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explored temporal trends of young-of-year (YOY) fishes caught in bottom trawl hauls at an established offshore monitoring site in Lake Erie in fall during 1961-2001. Sampling was conducted during morning, afternoon, and night in each year. Catches per hour (CPH) of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)...
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PMID: 16957842
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this study, three types of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) passive samplers, including a fiber-retracted device, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-rod and a PDMS-membrane, were evaluated to determine the time weighted average (TWA) concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Hamil...
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PMID: 17612185
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Passive air samples (PAS) were collected and analyzed to assess the spatial and temporal trends of chiral organochlorine signatures in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Samples were collected from 15 sites and analyzed for the concentrations and enantiomer signature of chlordanes and alpha-hexachlorocyclo...
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PMID: 17612163
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Management (39)5 2007
Abstract
We developed a geographic information system database of 86 variables related to five classes of anthropogenic stress in the U.S. Great Lakes basin: agriculture, atmospheric deposition, human population, land cover, and point source pollution. The original variables were quantified by a variety of d...
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PMID: 17387547
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.