Abstract
We exploited breed phylogeny and reports of drug sensitivity to survey other purebred populations that might be genetically at risk. We found that the same allele, mdr1-1Delta, segregated in seven additional breeds, including two sighthounds that were not expected to share collie ancestry. A mutant...
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PMID: 15289602
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper examines how caregivers' medicinal discourse serves as an indirect critique of modernization, urbanization and development in the Brazilian Amazon. When caregivers in two peri-urban neighborhoods, Triunfo and Bairro da Luz, discuss medicinal plants they highlight the positive aspects of p...
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PMID: 15081193
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In Renaissance and early modern times, the concept of imagination (Latin imaginatio) was essential for the (natural) philosophical explanation of magic processes, especially in the anthropology of Paracelsus. He assumed that imagination was a natural vital power including cosmic, mental, phychical,...
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PMID: 15338531
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Waichi Sugiyama (1610-1649) is the first Sokengyo. He is famous for being the first to use the tube technique for acupuncture. However, his technique was not clear in his book "Sugiyama Ryu Sanbu Sho", because his work was orally taught or even secret. Wadaichi Shimaura is the third Sokengyo, who is...
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PMID: 15382358
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We thus show that since ca. 1800 AD the regional increase in lead contamination was mostly driven by coal consumption ((206)Pb/(207)Pb approximately 1.17-1.19; (206)Pb/(204)Pb approximately 18.3-18.6), which peaks around 1915 AD. The increasing usage of leaded gasoline, introduced in the 1920s, was...
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PMID: 15152314
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A peat core from Lindow bog near Manchester, England, was precisely cut into 2 cm slices to provide a high-resolution reconstruction of atmospheric Pb deposition. Radiocarbon and (210)Pb age dates show that the peat core represents the period ca. 2000 BC to AD 1800. Eleven radiocarbon age dates of b...
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PMID: 15152320
PDF is available here.
F Islami,
F Kamangar,
K Aghcheli,
S Fahimi,
S Semnani,
N Taghavi,
H A Marjani,
S Merat,
S Nasseri-Moghaddam,
A Pourshams,
M Nouraie,
M Khatibian,
B Abedi,
M H Brazandeh,
R Ghaziani,
M Sotoudeh,
S M Dawsey,
C C Abnet,
P R Taylor and
R Malekzadeh
Abstract
We established Atrak Clinic, a referral clinic for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in Gonbad, the major city of eastern Golestan, which has permitted, for the first time in this region, endoscopic localisation and histologic examination of upper GI cancers. Among the initial 682 patients seen at Atra...
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PMID: 15054463
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Until recently, the effects of a minor head injury have been minimalized by health care workers. Few resources have been available to individuals who experienced a mild traumatic brain injury who were discharged from hospital emergency services. Recognizing the needs of these individuals and their f...
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PMID: 15065401
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We know, Coiter (1573) was the first to present an illustration of the sutura incisiva in the human. This fact, and furthermore its development from three parts:-(1) the alveolar part with the facial process, (2) the palatine process, and (3) the processus Stenonianus-can no longer be found in moder...
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PMID: 14760532
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species avidly reacts with nitric oxide (NO) producing cytotoxic reactive nitrogen species capable of nitrating proteins and damaging other molecules which leads to the reduction of erythrocyte deformability. The aim of this investigation was to assess the importance of alpha-tocophe...
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PMID: 15258362
PDF is available here.
Abstract
According to Charles Frédéric Heusinger (1853), dog distemper had been imported from Peru into Spain in the course of the 17th century. The disease was well described in 1746 by Ulloa in his work Relación histórica del viaje a la América meridional. During the course of the 1760s, the disease w...
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PMID: 15376360
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The article proposes a revision of the approach to madness and the birth of the psychiatric institution taken by Foucault in History of Madness. The hypothesis is that the origins of modern Psychiatry revolutionize the approach to madness by proposing it is possible to dialogue with the insane, beca...
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PMID: 15318405
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study reviews historical and biomedical aspects of soldier load carriage. Before the 18th century, foot soldiers seldom carried more than 15 kg while on the march, but loads have progressively risen since then. This load increase is presumably due to the weight of weapons and equipment that inc...
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PMID: 14964502
PDF is available here.
Abstract
European universities had great intellectual and religious influence in the Renaissance and Reformation and exhibited considerable variety. Italian universities taught law and medicine to doctoral students. Their loose organization made it possible for professors to produce original research in law,...
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PMID: 15143752
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Life and temporary death of a geat french mineral water: Bussang (1615-1983).
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PMID: 15386891
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is a non-trivial cause of morbidity and mortality in young individuals from diseases such as aplastic anemia and hydrops fetalis. Curiously, given this significant disease burden, the one genetic phenotype known to protect against PVB19 infection--the p red-cell phenotype char...
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PMID: 15082109
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Throughout the evolution of the concepts concerning the peripheral nerves, different ideas have dominated at different moments in history. The studies and demonstrations conducted in an attempt to further our knowledge of our own constitution and working at the same time enabled us to gain a better...
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PMID: 15175983
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The postnatal period is defined as approximately 40 days in most cultures; most societies have special postnatal customs that include special diet, isolation, rest and help in the household. The resemblance between different cultures is striking. Many postnatal customs from rural societies that were...
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PMID: 14691498
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Studies generally, it is believed that the ancient 'Chinese ginseng' did exist due to the fact that it is clearly recorded in the Chinese historical and medicine-related sources. Although it is hard to deny that such 'ginseng' did exist in ancient China, the re-examination of its true nature is also...
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PMID: 15005097
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper narrates the history of the conservation of the human brain, tracking techniques of brain archiving from the first experiments in the preservation of soft tissue in spirits of alcohol to the latest refinements in cryogenic technology. It traces the changing social and legal conditions tha...
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PMID: 15069869
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explicate here, and the traits are typically used as the test implications for these models. However, adequate tests of hypotheses and models rest on robust test implications, and we argue here that the current set of test implications suffers from three main problems: (1) Many are empirically de...
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PMID: 14971366
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the medical writings of antiquity the recipe, a basic form of scientific writing, was considered a literary genre with conventions of its own. In texttype-linguistics, however, the recipe plays only a minor role; in studies on the history of literary short texts it is hardly ever mentioned and, f...
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PMID: 14765522
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Hitherto, Bo-Juyi has been known as a sickly poet. But analysis of his disease according to the traditional Chinese medicine had not been until this paper. So many factors affected his illness; especially the weak life power which he was given from his mother and the heavy load of stress he suffered...
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PMID: 15017972
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The symbolic characters of the Seven Deadly Sins can be traced from time to time in the cultural history of human mankind, being directly specified in certain artistic products. Such are, among others, the painting entitled "The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Lost Things" by Hieronymus Bosch and the...
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PMID: 14743592
PDF is available here.