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Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (0):
Recent article
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Abstract
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Abstract
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is the paradoxical worsening or unmasking of an infection or neoplasm in HIV-1-infected patients shortly after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. New insights into the pathogenesis of IRIS may help identify biomarkers that coul...
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PMID: 20966640
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Leprosy Review (81)3 2010
Abstract
The impact of leprosy and HIV co-infection is an evolving picture. Surprisingly the outcomes that were feared, of more lepromatous disease has not materialised. But with the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy, the emergence of leprosy as Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome is re-focusing att...
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PMID: 21067057
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We report a case of severe exacerbation of chronic disseminated candidiasis after pegylated granulocyte-colony stimulating factor administration. We emphasize the major inflammatory substrate of the disease and suggest that immune-modulating strategies such as hematopoietic growth factors, should be...
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PMID: 20688295
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a case in a patient from Côte d'Ivoire living in France in whom skin papular lesions developed after initiation of ART. These lesions were associated with microbiologically proven leprosy. Thus, latent leprosy can appear as IRIS, and leprosy-associated IRIS should be considered in HIV-i...
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PMID: 20595470
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Clinical Immunology (136)1 2010
Abstract
Biomarkers could be useful in evaluating immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). A cohort of 45 HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive patients with baseline CD4 T cell counts
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
New England Journal of Medicine (362)22 2010
Abstract
Abstract
Of the 627 patients studied, 237 (38%) had TB at the initiation of HAART. In total, 18 (7.5%) of 237 patients with TB at baseline had paradoxical TB-associated IRIS, and 12 (3%) of 390 patients without TB at baseline developed ART-associated TB. Most IRIS events occurred during the initial 30 days o...
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PMID: 20571170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a case of nodular oral herpes simplex virus-1-positive lesions consistent with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient recently commenced on treatment for tuberculosis and HIV co-infection.
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PMID: 20498114
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Seroprevalence rates of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus differ across SSA; it is low in South African children as compared to endemic areas like Uganda. The major route of transmission in SSA is horizontal rather than sexual. The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma has increased exponentially with the HIV/AI...
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PMID: 19996745
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
While antiretroviral therapy(ART) in HIV-infected patients results in dramatic reductions in HIV viral load and subsequent improvements in CD4 cell count, part of patients experience clinical deterioration as a direct consequence of rapid and dysregulated restoration of antigen-specific immune respo...
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PMID: 20229799
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (26)3 2010
Abstract
The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is a heterogeneous collection of pathological manifestations attributed to an excessive and deregulated immune response to various infectious and non-infectious pathogens consecutive to the modification of immune status. Mycobacteria and mycoses in the...
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PMID: 20346278
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Leprosy Review (81)1 2010
Abstract
Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace / Fondazione clinica del lavoro, IRCCS [and] Istituto di clinica tisiologica e malattie apparato respiratorio, Universita di Napoli, Secondo ateneo (73)1 2010
Abstract
We present three interesting cases, with complicated or unusual manifestations of tuberculous pericarditis: a patient with cardiac tamponade as the initial manifestation of tuberculosis; a patient progressing to constriction despite adequate treatment; and a patient receiving anti-TNFalpha, who deve...
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PMID: 20499793
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of HIV therapy (15)1 2010
Abstract
Abstract
IRIS manifestations included meningitis (n = 4), intracranial space occupying lesions (SOLs, presumed tuberculomas; n = 5), meningitis and SOLs (n = 5), radiculomyelitis (n = 1) and spondylitis (n = 1). In patients with tuberculoma IRIS, we observed a high prevalence of 1) low density lesions on non...
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PMID: 20074410
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We reviewed the medical records of 174 HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive patients older than 15 years (the median CD4 count at commencement of HAART was 37 cells/mm3) and compared characteristics of patients with and without IRIS. During a 12-month follow-up period after commencement of HAA...
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PMID: 20578492
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a case of unmasking tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in the HIV-1 infected patient who had no previous history of mycobacterial infection. She had tuberculosis of intestines, peritoneum and mesenteric glands within 2 months of ARV. However, her...
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PMID: 21038792
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest opportunistic infection in people living with HIV. Many co-infected patients first present with advanced immunosuppression and require antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during TB treatment. The incidence of TB in patients established on ART remains...
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PMID: 20046149
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a case of IRIS manifesting as polyarticular gout, a previously unreported rheumatological manifestation of IRIS. A 53-year-old HIV-infected man with a history of intermittent attacks of gout and an initial CD4 count of 112 cells/microL and a viral load of >100,000 copies/mL presented to...
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PMID: 20051757
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
IRIS typically occurs some weeks to months after initiation of HAART, usually in association with mycobacterial infections, cytomegalovirus, Cryptococcus neoformans and Pneumocystis jirovecii. In principle, any pathogen may cause a similar inflammatory response. Risk factors for IRIS include severe...
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PMID: 19997137
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) occurs in a subpopulation of HIV-infected patients after the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The purpose of this review is to describe the immunopathogenesis, risk factors, diagnostic problems, treatment and prevention of IRIS. A liter...
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PMID: 19915226
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
New Microbiologica (32)4 2009
Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been shown to induce a major and durable viral load reduction accompanied by a stable CD4 increase. This process may evolve with adverse clinical phenomena, known as the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). In the HIV population, non-tu...
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PMID: 20128450
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control (58)RR-11 2009
Abstract
This report updates and combines into one document earlier versions of guidelines for preventing and treating opportunistic infections (OIs) among HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children, last published in 2002 and 2004, respectively. These guidelines are intended for use by clinicians and other healt...
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PMID: 19730409
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is exuberant and dysregulated inflammatory responses to invading microorganisms. It manifests when an abrupt shift of host immunity from an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive status towards a pathogenic proinflammatory state occurs as a result of rapi...
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PMID: 19483618
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Der Internist (50)7 2009
Abstract
We describe a patient with late HIV presentation, opportunistic infections and an immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) after starting a combination antiretroviral therapy (ART)occurring in this severely immunodeficient patient. In the beginning, a miliary tuberculosis was diagnoses, followed by a s...
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PMID: 19499194
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical Infectious Diseases (48)11 2009
Abstract
Paradoxical neurologic TB-IRIS accounts for 12% of paradoxical TB-IRIS cases. Neurologic TB-IRIS causes considerable short-term morbidity but has reasonable long-term outcomes. Further research is needed to devise optimal diagnostic and management strategies for patients with tuberculosis who experi...
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PMID: 19405867
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Prospective data on incidence, characteristics, and risk factors for cryptococcal meningitis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (CM-IRIS) are lacking.
Prospective study of 65 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV-infected cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patient...
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PMID: 19365271
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report two observations of tuberculosis exacerbation with extension to other territories (lymph node and pericarditis) occurring 3 weeks and 4 months after administration of tuberculosis treatment, with a favourable development, in absence of rehabilitation or addition of complementary therapy Th...
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PMID: 19583029
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control (58)RR-4 2009
Abstract
This report updates and combines earlier versions of guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV-infected adults (i.e., persons aged >/=18 years) and adolescents (i.e., persons aged 13--17 years), last published in 2002 and 2004, respectively. It has been pre...
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PMID: 19357635
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
HBV DNA and ALT levels at baseline were higher in patients with HF (n=8) than in patients without HF (n=28) (P=.01). After the initiation of ART, CXCL-10 levels remained elevated in patients with HF but decreased in patients without HF (P<.01). sCD30 levels increased and were significantly higher at...
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PMID: 19231993
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
New Microbiologica (32)2 2009
Abstract
We demonstrate that this procedure is possible without complications such as cryptococcal dissemination into the peritoneum....
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PMID: 19579702
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Hawaii medical journal (68)2 2009
Abstract
We report an unique case of IRIS in a patient co-infected with HIV and M. leprae presenting as an exacerbation of his Hansen's Disease where the patient's skin lesions progressed from borderline tuberculoid to lepromatous leprosy following ART administration....
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PMID: 19385373
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The AIDS reader (19)3 2009
Abstract
Abstract
The hallmark of HIV-1/simian immunodeficiency virus infections is the progressive depletion of CD4(+) T cells that ultimately renders the host incapable of defending against AIDS-defining opportunistic infections and malignancies. Although many potential mechanisms have been proposed...
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PMID: 19149994
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We define "unmasked TB" as that which occurs in patients with reactivation disease who develop clinically recognizable TB after ART with the restoration of previously acquired TB antigen-specific functional immune responses. TB cases with clinical evidence of an inflammatory syndrome are a subset of...
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PMID: 19090776
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesised that Treg could be defective in either numbers and/or function and therefore unable to ensure the physiological equilibrium of the immune system in patients with IRD. Phenotypic and functional CD4(+) T-cell subsets of eight late-stage HIV patients with nadir CD4 count <50 cells/micro...
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PMID: 19180462
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although HAART has markedly reduced the IR of HZ, it remains a frequent complication in HIV-infected children. The risk of HZ is similar in the 90 days before and after initiating HAART....
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PMID: 19131890
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
25 years old HIV-positive farmer on Anti-retroviral therapy from North Ethiopia with PKDL occurring as IRIS is reported. He developed popular and nodular lesions on the face, chest and arms (Grade II severe PKDL) one month after anti-retroviral therapy initiation, who had history of therapy for visc...
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PMID: 19743785
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The most common manifestation of nontuberculous mycobacterial immune reconstitution syndrome is lymphadenopathy. Other common findings are pulmonary consolidation and centrilobular nodularity, ascites, splenomegaly, multiple hypoattenuating splenic lesions, and peripheral lymphadenopathy....
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PMID: 19346853
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection who commence antiretroviral therapy when they are very immunodeficient are susceptible to immune reconstitution disorders. The most common disorders are the various forms of immune restoration disease (IRD) that appear to result from the restor...
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PMID: 19025493
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We report a case of development of a paucibacillary leprosy patch close to the site of a local trauma, after an interval of about 13-14 years, in a HIV positive subject. Also discussed are the various hypotheses in the aetiopathogenesis of leprosy like entry route of lepra bacilli into the body, via...
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PMID: 20509336
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Leprosy Review (79)4 2008
Abstract
Le infezioni in medicina : rivista periodica di eziologia, epidemiologia, diagnostica, clinica e terapia delle patologie infettive (16)4 2008
Abstract
We summarise the epidemiology, clinical presentations and management of TB-associated IRIS....
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PMID: 19155683
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Cell Biology (178)10 2008
Abstract
Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) induced by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been attributed to dysregulated expansion of tuberculin PPD-specific IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) T cells. Objectives: To investigate the role of type 1 helper T cell e...
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PMID: 18755923
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a new case of immune reconstitution syndrome in a liver transplant recipient after successful treatment of cryptococcal meningitis....
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PMID: 18975277
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
HIV Medicine (9)10 2008
Abstract
Of the 260 selected HIV-infected women, a pregnancy occurred in 39 women in a median follow-up time of 66 months. Women who became pregnant had higher CD4 cell count at baseline but this difference progressively lessened during follow-up because they had a slower increase than women who did not beco...
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PMID: 18795961
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In a short span of two and a half decades, HIV/AIDS has emerged as second largest killer disease that has affected mankind. The triple drug antiretroviral therapy (ART) has ensured a reasonably good quality of life to HIV infected individuals. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associat...
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PMID: 19263705
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.