Find your PDFs fast.
Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Models, Neurological (1):
Recent article
Models, Neurological
Abstract
We report that early gamma oscillations (EGOs) enable precise spatiotemporal thalamocortical synchronization in the neonatal rat whisker sensory system. Driven by a thalamic gamma oscillator and initially independent of cortical inhibition, EGOs synchronize neurons in a single thalamic barreloid and...
|
PMID: 21998388
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
| < More recent | Older article > |
Journal of Neuroscience (31)37 2011
Abstract
We used functional multineuron calcium imaging to monitor the spike outputs from thousands of CA1 neurons in response to the stimulation of two independent sites of the dentate gyrus in rat hippocampal networks ex vivo. Only pyramidal cells were analyzed based on post hoc immunostaining. Some CA1 py...
|
PMID: 21917800
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that Rab3B is highly enriched in inhibitory synapses in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Using electrophysiological recordings in acute slices, we demonstrate that knockout (KO) of Rab3B does not alter the strength or short-term plasticity of excitatory or inhibitory synapses but does impa...
|
PMID: 21844341
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Orientation selectivity (OS) is an emergent property in the primary visual cortex (V1). How OS arises from synaptic circuits remains unsolved. Here, in vivo whole-cell recordings in the mouse V1 revealed that simple cells received broadly tuned excitation and even more broadly tuned inhibition. Exci...
|
PMID: 21835349
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We build on recent advances in the measurement and description of population activity to frame and test an "initial condition hypothesis" of arm movement preparation and initiation. This hypothesis leads to a model in which the timing of movements may be predicted on each trial using neurons' moment...
|
PMID: 21835350
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We summarize the current state of knowledge of regeneration in the specialized sense organs in both nonmammalian vertebrates and mammals and discuss possible areas where new advances in regenerative medicine might provide approaches to successfully stimulate sensory receptor cell regeneration. The f...
|
PMID: 21835338
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Neurocritical care bioinformatics is a new field that focuses on the acquisition, storage and analysis of physiological and other data relevant to the bedside care of patients with acute neurological conditions such as traumatic brain injury or stroke. The main focus of neurocritical...
|
PMID: 21750522
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results demonstrate that recording amplitude and noise are relatively independent of microelectrode size, but instead are primarily affected by the selected recording bandwidth, impedance of the electrode-tissue interface and the density and firing rates of neurons surrounding the recording elec...
|
PMID: 21775783
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The computation time required for modeling the nonlinear response of an axon to an applied electric field is a significant limitation to optimizing a large number of neural interface design parameters through use of advanced computer algorithms. This paper introduces two methods of p...
|
PMID: 21750371
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We focus on self-awareness, a pivotal component of conscious experience and its integration within the global neuronal network (GNW), a theoretical concept that unifies convergent approaches on the neural bases of conscious processing. We report recent evidence to show that self-awareness mobilizes...
|
PMID: 21719514
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biological Psychiatry (69)12 2011
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder overlap behaviorally, clinically, and cognitively. An important question of potential future clinical relevance is whether these two overlapping disorders are mediated by similar or distinct underlying brain substra...
|
PMID: 21094938
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cross-channel envelope correlations are hypothesized to influence speech intelligibility, particularly in adverse conditions. Acoustic analyses suggest speech envelope correlations differ for syllabic and phonemic ranges of modulation frequency. The influence of cochlear filtering wa...
|
PMID: 21682421
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In order to harness the computational capacity of dissociated cultured neuronal networks, it is necessary to understand neuronal dynamics and connectivity on a mesoscopic scale. To this end, this paper uncovers dynamic spatiotemporal patterns emerging from electrically stimulated neu...
|
PMID: 21622081
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We interpret this as possible candidate for information condensation mechanism in a network. Our purpose is to test this possibility in a network model consisting of five fully connected neurons, particularly, the influence of geometric size of the network, on its ability to condense information. Dy...
|
PMID: 21656922
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present a model of plasticity induction for reinforcement learning in a population of leaky integrate and fire neurons which is based on a cascade of synaptic memory traces. Each synaptic cascade correlates presynaptic input first with postsynaptic events, next with the behavioral decisions and f...
|
PMID: 21738460
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We developed a computational model of glutamatergic signaling at a prototypical dendritic spine to examine the patterns of NMDAR subtype activation at temporal and spatial resolutions that are difficult to obtain experimentally. We demonstrate that NMDAR subtypes have different dynamic ranges of act...
|
PMID: 21738464
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of... (55)3 2011
Abstract
We will outline studies that support the dynamic hypothesis by: 1) testing slope differences among biomarkers; 2) describing how biomarkers map all neuropathological and clinical changes starting from the detection of amyloid burden, to neurodegeneration, and symptoms; and finally 3) identifying the...
|
PMID: 21532538
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Multiple length scales are involved in the development of traumatic brain injury, where the global mechanics of the head level are responsible for local physiological impairment of brain cells. In this study, a relation between the mechanical state at the tissue level and the cellula...
|
PMID: 20635116
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We suggest combining these alternative methods in order to have complementary information on brain functional networks....
|
PMID: 21714140
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current concepts on the mechanisms of dystonia and the beneficial effects of deep brain stimulation.
Abstract
The application of lesioning procedures in the basal ganglia and, more recently, of deep brain stimulation (DBS) has revolutionalized dystonia treatment. However, our understanding of the mechanism of action of DBS is only minimal. This is largely due to a rudimentary understanding o...
|
PMID: 21604241
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The two-dimensional spectro-temporal modulation filtering concept of the auditory model [T. Chi, P. Ru, and S. A. Shamma, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 118(2), 887-906 (2005)] is implemented on the Fourier spectrogram. The Fourier magnitude spectrogram is analyzed in terms of its joint spectro-temporal modulat...
|
PMID: 21568374
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The absolute threshold for a tone depends on its duration; longer tones have lower thresholds. This effect has traditionally been explained in terms of "temporal integration" involving the summation of energy or perceptual information over time. An alternative probabilistic explanation of the process...
|
PMID: 21568418
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Comodulation masking release (CMR), assessed using a flanking-band (FB) paradigm, may reflect the contribution of both across- and within-channel cues when FBs are proximal to the signal frequency. This study examined the effect of disrupting within-channel cues based upon envelope beats at the outpu...
|
PMID: 21568420
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (27)5 2011
Abstract
médecine/sciences (27)5 2011
Abstract
Abstract
We show that in freely behaving rats after a long period in an awake state, cortical neurons can go briefly 'offline' as in sleep, accompanied by slow waves in the local EEG. Neurons often go offline in one cortical area but not in another, and during these periods of 'local sleep', the incidence of...
|
PMID: 21525926
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We argue that approaches that fail to take the principles of graph theory into consideration and do not reflect the underlying neurobiological properties of the brain will likely mischaracterize brain network structure and function....
|
PMID: 21486299
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (27)4 2011
Abstract
médecine/sciences (27)4 2011
Abstract
We then describe the functional changes that occur at the different (rapid, slow, automatization) acquisition phases, and propose specific roles that the putamen, the cerebellum and their motor-related cortical areas, play in this form of motor behavior. Finally, we put forward evidence that post-tr...
|
PMID: 21524407
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (21)5 2011
Abstract
We predicted recruitment of the left-hemispheric VWFA, identically to the sighted. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show that activation during Braille reading in blind individuals peaks in the VWFA, with striking anatomical consistency within and between blind and sighted. Furthermor...
|
PMID: 21333539
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose a novel and completely non-parametric algorithm to estimate the tissue intensity probabilities in 3D images. Instead of relying on traditional framework of iterating between classification and estimation, we pose the problem as an instance of a blind source separation problem, where the u...
|
PMID: 21172751
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We study the effects of passive dendritic properties on the dynamics of neuronal oscillators. We find that the addition of a passive dendrite can sometimes have counterintuitive effects on firing frequency. Specifically, the addition of a hyperpolarized passive dendritic load can either increase, de...
|
PMID: 21517524
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In light of the issue of oscillation propagation in neural networks, various topologies of FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron populations are investigated. External Gaussian white noise is injected into the first neuron only. Before the oscillation spreads to the other neurons in the network, so...
|
PMID: 21517527
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that for a single postsynaptic neuron maximum energy efficiency, measured in bits of mutual information per molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumed, requires maximum energy consumption. For groups of parallel postsynaptic neurons we determine values of the synaptic conductance at w...
|
PMID: 21517530
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review key polymorphisms linked to emotional and mnemonic processing and their influence on neuromodulator activity in the amygdala and other emotion-related structures. We discuss their potential roles in specific cognitive processes involved in memory formation, and review links between these g...
|
PMID: 21094178
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A mathematical model was developed to describe the longitudinal response in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive (ADAS-cog) obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.
The model was fit to the longitudinal ADAS-cog scores from 817 patients...
|
PMID: 20810324
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Neuroscience (14)2 2011
Abstract
We review this approach and its existing and potential applications to Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, addiction, schizophrenia and preclinical animal models used to screen new antipsychotic drugs. The approach's proven explanatory and predictive p...
|
PMID: 21270784
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper proposes non-Gaussian models for parametric spectral estimation with application to event-related desynchronization (ERD) estimation of nonstationary EEG. Existing approaches for time-varying spectral estimation use time-varying autoregressive (TVAR) state-space models wit...
|
PMID: 21257361
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We presently investigated a role for the inhibitory neurotransmitters GABA and glycine in scratch-evoked inhibition of spinal itch-signaling neurons in a mouse model of chronic dry skin itch. Superficial dorsal horn neurons ipsilateral to hindpaw dry skin treatment exhibited a high level of spontane...
|
PMID: 21818363
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that epileptic seizures can be generated by many different combinations of synaptic strengths and intrinsic membrane properties. This integrative view has important medical implications: the specific state of a patient characterized by a set of biophysical characteristics ultimately d...
|
PMID: 21811612
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have shown that the cholinergic axonal segments which were in the microproximity with dopaminergic fibers possessed a greater density of en passant varicosities compared to more distant segments, suggesting an activity-dependent level of en passant varicosities in the axonal zone of interaction....
|
PMID: 21811630
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The human brain is a complex network. An important first step toward understanding the function of such a network is to map its elements and connections, to create a comprehensive structural description of the network architecture. This paper reviews current empirical efforts toward generating a netw...
|
PMID: 21251014
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We give a new hierarchical probabilistic model for brain activity patterns that does not require an experimental design to be specified. We estimate this model in the dictionary learning framework, learning simultaneously latent spatial maps and the corresponding brain activity time-series. Unlike p...
|
PMID: 21761686
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We construct an atlas that captures functional characteristics of a cognitive process from a population of individuals. The functional connectivity is encoded in a low-dimensional embedding space derived from a diffusion process on a graph that represents correlations of fMRI time courses. The atlas...
|
PMID: 21761652
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neural Development (6)1 2011
Abstract
We show that vesicle trafficking is coordinated through at least two mechanisms. First, a significant proportion of STVs and PTVs are transported together before forming a stable terminal. Second, individual PTVs and STVs share pause sites within the axon. Importantly, for both STVs and PTVs, encoun...
|
PMID: 21569270
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neural plasticity (2011) 2011
Abstract
These results raise the possibility that certain forms of synaptic plasticity may occur within the cortex while synaptic potentiation takes place within synapses in the hippocampus and amygdala. This hypothesis is supported by electrophysiological evidence obtained from freely moving animals that ne...
|
PMID: 21912749
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bladder problems are frequently disorders of control, which is exercised from the brain. In such disorders, brain responses to bladder events are abnormal; therapy is accompanied by regional changes that may be measured by functional imaging and used to monitor the effect of treatment. The regional r...
|
PMID: 21290223
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Inhibitor ofadenylate cyclase (SQ 22,536) and inhibitors ofserin/threonine protein kinases A (PKA -Rp-cAMPS), G (PKG - H-Arg-Lys-Arg-Ala-Arg-Lys-Glu-OH), calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII - KN-93), p38mitogen-activated (MAPK - PD 169316), and tyrosine protein kinases (ge...
|
PMID: 21961321
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There is a great challenge in identifying the early diagnosis of the Alzheimer's disease, which has become the most frequent cause of dementia in the last few years, being responsible for 50% of the cases in western countries. The main focus of the work is the development of a multicriteria model for...
|
PMID: 21431596
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Perception (40)1 2011
Abstract
Two ambiguous figures (Mach's book-figure and the AMBEGUJAS phenomenon) have been studied. They show colour shifts synchronised with the shifts of their alternative phases. The perceived concave phase appeared to have chromatic surface colour, but the perceived convex phase can appea...
|
PMID: 21513182
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Temporal information in acoustic signals is important for the perception of environmental sounds, including speech. This review focuses on several aspects of temporal processing within human auditory cortex and its relevance for the processing of speech sounds. Periodic non-speech sounds, such as tra...
|
PMID: 21476940
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract A direct relationship has been established between synaptic activity and amyloid-β secretion. Dysregulation of neuronal calcium homeostasis was shown to increase production of amyloid-β, contributing to the initiation of Alzheimer's disease. Among the different routes of C...
|
PMID: 21568789
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the advantages given by a 3D stereoendoscope over a 2D monocular endoscope, first by assessing the variability of stereoacuity in each subject, then in analyzing their overall correct response rate in differentiating between heights of two different images with 2D and 3D vision....
|
PMID: 21335748
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We employ real-time transparent rendering strategy to display fiber tracts within their structural context in a virtual environment. Thereby, we not only emphasize spatial patterns but furthermore allow an interactive control over the amount of visible anatomical information....
|
PMID: 21335844
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
During the 1990s and early 2000s, cognitive neuroscience investigations of human category learning focused on the primary goal of showing that humans have multiple category-learning systems and on the secondary goals of identifying key qualitative properties of each system and of roughly mapping out...
|
PMID: 21182535
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We automate the process of finding parameters. To configure a single neuron we derive a maximum likelihood method for configuring a neuron model, specifically the Mihalas-Niebur Neuron. Similarly, to configure neural circuits, we show how we use genetic algorithms (GAs) to configure parameters for a...
|
PMID: 20959265
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Medicine (16)12 2010
Abstract
Nature Medicine (16)12 2010
Abstract
Abstract