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Fats (2):
Recent article
Fats
Waste Management (30)10 2010
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is applied widely to treat the source collected organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (SC-OFMSW). Lipid-rich wastes are a valuable substrate for anaerobic digestion due to their high theoretical methane potential. Nevertheless, although fat, oil and grease waste from sewage...
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PMID: 20400285
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Journal of Dairy Science (93)10 2010
Abstract
Earlier studies identified large between-herd variation in estimated lactation curve parameters from test-day milk yield and milk composition records collected in Ragusa province, Italy. The objective of this study was to identify sources of variation able to explain these between-herd differences i...
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PMID: 20855033
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)9 2010
Abstract
Ewe raw milk composition, rennet coagulation parameters, and curd texture were monitored throughout the milk production season in 11 commercial flocks reared under a part-time grazing system. Milking season lasted from February to July. During that period, the diet of the animals shifted from indoor...
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PMID: 20723663
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)9 2010
Abstract
The objectives of this meta-analysis were to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation with the organic trace minerals (OTM; Availa-4 and 4-Plex, Zinpro Corp., Eden Prairie, MN) on milk yield, composition, and component yields and reproductive performance in dairy cows. Twenty research papers an...
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PMID: 20723697
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)9 2010
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the physicochemical properties of cheese elaborated via traditional artisan methods using goat milk containing 5, 1.5, or 0.4% fat and ripened for 1, 7, 14, or 28 d. Seventy-two cheeses were produced (2 batches x 3 fat levels x 4 ripening times x triplicate...
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PMID: 20723668
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)9 2010
Abstract
Feed management is one of the principal levers by which the production and composition of milk by dairy cows can be modulated in the short term. The response of milk yield and milk composition to variations in either energy or protein supplies is well known. However, in practice, dietary supplies of...
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PMID: 20723688
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)8 2010
Abstract
Fat-reduced cheeses often suffer from undesirable texture, flavor, and cooking properties. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by starter strains have been proposed as a mechanism to increase yield and to improve the texture and cooking properties of reduced-fat cheeses. The objective of this work was...
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PMID: 20655415
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (137)14 2010
Abstract
We describe here a role for the Fat-Hippo pathway in controlling the growth and differentiation of Drosophila optic neuroepithelia. Mutation of tumor suppressor genes within the pathway, or expression of activated Yorkie, promotes overgrowth of neuroepithelial cells and delays or blocks their differ...
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PMID: 20570939
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemosphere (80)6 2010
Abstract
White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a condition associated with white fungal growth on ears, wings, and nose of hibernating bats; this condition has recently resulted in high bat mortality in the northeastern United States. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of morbidity and mortality are still unknown. Elevat...
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PMID: 20493513
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Concern about pork quality has increased during last decades. Given the influence of fat content and composition on sensorial, nutritional, and technological variables of pork meat, an accurate knowledge about genetic control of pig lipid metabolism is required. This study focused on...
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PMID: 20418459
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde (135)11 2010
Abstract
Abstract
A set of methods has been developed to study the adhesion between four Lactobacillus reuteri strains and the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) components in dairy products. By combining sucrose density gradient (SDG) centrifugation and bacterial DNA quantification it was found which strains of L. reu...
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PMID: 20377223
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An isolate exhibiting high extracellular lipolytic activity was identified as Pseudomonas gessardii by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The slaughterhouse waste, goat tallow, was used as a lipid substrate for the production of acidic lipase by P. gessardii. The maximum lipase activity of 156 U/ml wa...
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PMID: 20204455
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To investigate the influence of trimetazidine, which is known to be an antioxidant and modulator of metabolism, on cardiac function and the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in db/db mouse.
Trimetazidine was administered to db/db mice for eight weeks. Cardiac fun...
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PMID: 20383170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Three models for the estimation of milk, fat and protein daily yield (DY) based on a.m. (AM) or p.m. (PM) milkings were compared. A total of 518 766 test-day records from 5078 dairy cattle farms obtained between March 2004 and April 2008 were analysed. The DY model was a linear model with DY as a de...
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PMID: 20030901
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the milk quality of Massese ewes receiving diets with different forage:concentrate ratios (FC ratio), specially on milk fat globules characteristics and fatty acids composition. The diet is one of the main environmental factors that influence the lipidic content...
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PMID: 20196898
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Grazing cows could produce milk with a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is beneficial to human health, compared with non-grazing cows, though grazing alone could compromise milk production. Under oceanic climate conditions, a study involving 15 dairy cows, fed total mixed rati...
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PMID: 20196899
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Obesity is a growing global public health dilemma. The objective of this project is to develop and validate a screening mechanism for bioactive compounds that may reduce body fat and promote health. Resistant starch (RS) reduces body fat in rodents. Amylose starch that has a high content of RS, endo...
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PMID: 20353151
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggested that the porcine lipase protein yielded by transformed yeast cells may improve fat digestibility and enhance the growth performance in postweaning piglets....
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PMID: 20166658
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose that a simple but reasonable initial interpretation of brain and spinal cord MRI can be made by considering whether signal intensity is white or black or gray on precontrast T1-weighted and T2-weighted pulse sequences. We have formulated this task as a 2 x 2 table.
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PMID: 20182216
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ghrelin stimulates pituitary growth hormone (GH) release, and has a key role in the regulation of food intake and adiposity in vertebrates. To investigate the central effect of native rainbow trout ghrelin (rtghrelin) on food intake in rainbow trout, as well as its possible mode of action, four grou...
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PMID: 19896947
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pig large tumor suppressor 2 (Lats2), a novel gene that may regulate the fat reduction in adipocyte.
Abstract
We mapped pig Lats2 to chromosome 11p13-14 by using FISH, and western blotting demonstrated that pig Lats2 protein was most abundant in adipose. In Drosophila, Lats2 ortholog was reported as a key component of the Hippo pathway which regulates cell differentiation and growth. Here, we show that pig...
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PMID: 20193127
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via digital gene expression analysis. Hierarchical clustering of genes was performed according to their relative abundance within the six separate groups (Hanwoo fat versus non-Hanwoo fat, Hanwoo muscle versus non-Hanwoo muscle and Hanwoo liver ver...
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PMID: 20193130
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The adaptation of a colorimetric technique for the analysis of cholesterol in raw milk is presented. Performance quality was satisfying (mean intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) 4.8, inter-assay CV 9.1%, linearity between 0 and 7 mm, recovery of spiked cholesterol into raw milk 98.1 and 106.3%...
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PMID: 19930755
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is considered to be a regulator of post-natal growth and differentiation of the mammary gland. In the present work, associations of two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine IGF2 gene with milk production traits were studied in dairy Holstein-Friesian cows...
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PMID: 19785908
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also investigated circulating levels of ANGPTL4, which proved to be higher in the F19-treated group. This increase, together with total body fat and triglyceride levels told a story of inhibited LPL action through ANGPTL4 leading to decreased fat storage. Co-culture experiments of colonic cell li...
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PMID: 20927337
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
At the end of 12 weeks, the participant was able to lift 17 lbs during full knee extension. Average skeletal muscle cross-sectional areas increased in all of the measured muscle groups (12%-43%). Hypertrophy ranging from 30% to 112% was detected in multiaxial slices after the NMES RT protocol. Intra...
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PMID: 20397451
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Glucose is the major precursor of lactose synthesis in the mammary gland. Lactose the major carbohydrate and osmolyte of milk, controls milk volume and its concentration. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbG) is a retrospective measure of mean blood glucose level and it is largely unaffecte...
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PMID: 19851880
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parazitologiya (44)4 2010
Abstract
The method of estimation of the biological age in non-feeding tick females by the level of adipose inclusions in the cells of the midgut and fat body is developed. In order to estimate the fat reserves in non-feeding females, alive ticks were dissected and fragments of their internal were vitally st...
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PMID: 21061588
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)1 2010
Abstract
Eighteen ruminally cannulated dairy cattle were fed a series of diets (in 28-d periods) designed to elicit different degrees of milk fat depression (MFD) for the purpose of relating MFD to ruminal bacterial populations. Cows were fed a TMR containing 25% starch (DM basis) supplied as corn silage, a...
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PMID: 20059925
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)1 2010
Abstract
Very long chain n-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) are important in human cardiac health and the prevention of chronic diseases, but food sources are limited. Stearidonic acid (SDA; 18:4n-3) is an n-3 fatty acid that humans are able to convert to EPA. In utilizing SDA-enhan...
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PMID: 20059901
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)1 2010
Abstract
We collected 4,100 milk samples in 14 herds from 976 Churra ewes sired mostly by 15 AI rams and analyzed them by gas-liquid chromatography for milk fatty acid composition. The studied traits were 12 individual FA contents (proportion in relation to the total amount of FA), 3 groups of fatty acids [s...
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PMID: 20059931
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical calcium (19)9 2009
Abstract
Vitamin D and K are nutrients necessary for bone health. Vitamin D insufficiency, which is milder than vitamin D deficiency to cause rickets and osteomalacia, is associated with increased fracture risk. Serum 25 (OH) D concentration, a good marker for vitamin D status, must be higher than the tradit...
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PMID: 19721209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Blends of anhydrous milk fat (AMF) and linseed oil (70:30) and of AMF, rapeseed oil (RO), and linseed oil (LO) (70:20:10) were submitted to enzymatic interesterification. The oxidative stabilities of the blends, the interesterified (IE) blends, and IE blends with 50 ppm of alpha-tocopherol added as...
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PMID: 19606905
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Rennet coagulation parameters, curd texture and gross compositional variables were studied in ewes' raw milk samples from nine commercial flocks using different concentrate:forage ratios and grazing times. From early lactation to March flocks were fed concentrate pellets and hay whereas from April t...
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PMID: 19519977
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results illustrate that rennet gel structure is affected by droplet-droplet and droplet-casein interactions, which in turn are determined by the composition of the oil-water interface as well as the ionic equilibrium in the reconstituted milk gels....
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PMID: 19519978
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The activity of human milk on cell growth has been evaluated on two cell lines, MDCK and Caco-2. The proportion of human milk samples that reduced by half the growth of MDCK cells was of 36%. This inhibitory activity was associated with casein and not the whey fraction. Great variability was found i...
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PMID: 19445823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effects of high-pressure homogenisation (HPH) in the pressure range 100-300 MPa on the gel formation and rheological properties of rennet-induced skim milk (0.08%, fat, w/w) and standardised milk (3.60% fat, w/w) gels at pH 6.60 were studied. The average casein micelle size in skim milk was sign...
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PMID: 19445828
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In a prospective, no experimental and comparative analysis, the relationship between the mother's nutritional conditional and their macronutrient's concentrations was evaluated in 40 samples from mothers who had children 15 days to 6 months old, in a hospital setting at the Emergency room of the Ped...
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PMID: 19719012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Isoelectric solubilization/precipitation (ISP) at acidic and basic pH was applied to whole carp, yielding proteins, lipids, and insolubles. The objective was to characterize composition of recovered materials. Crude protein was concentrated to 89-90% in proteins recovered at acidic p...
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PMID: 19368395
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Improvement in physical stability of solid dispersions was attributed to hydrogen bonding, while improvement in bioavailability of SDCAGA compared to SDCAP, in spite of comparable solubility and dissolution profile, may be attributed to Gelucire, which utilizes intestinal esterase for lipolysis, pro...
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PMID: 19505364
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We simulated the change in fat signal using a linear method and checked the starting point of data filling for the null point using a phantom of different T1 values. We then checked the contrast between the fat signal and liver. After checking by using simulation, a clinical evaluation was done. The...
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PMID: 19498247
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results could be explained well with diffusion theory. The temperature gradient and concentration gradient originating from the heat treatment were considered to cause the net particle diffusion from the surface to the bottom soymilk. Lipids, which mainly exist as oil bodies, are easily incorp...
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PMID: 19296578
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The anaerobic biodegradability of municipal primary sludge, thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS), and fat, oil, and grease (FOG) was assessed using semi-continuous-feed, laboratory-scale anaerobic digesters and compared with the ultimate degradability obtained from 120-day batch digestion at 35 d...
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PMID: 19472939
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Despite decades of research into the effects of exercise on fat metabolism, there is still no clear understanding of how exercise helps to regulate fat mass. Although exercise improves the capacity of muscle to oxidize fat, our studies suggest that moderate duration exercise (< or =1 h) has little i...
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PMID: 19305201
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the effects of BE on physical fatigue. BE was divided into, high, mid, and low-molecular-weight fractions (LMF), to explore the effectiveness of BE compounds. The swimming times to exhaustion of mice administered 0.86 g/kg BE and those administered 0.86 g/kg LMF were significantly lo...
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PMID: 19252297
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The basic objectives of this study were to prepare and characterize solid dispersions of poorly soluble drug spironolactone (SP) using gelucire carriers by spray-drying technique. The properties of the microparticles produced were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron...
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PMID: 18821154
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The rate of penetration of the active ingredients was inversely related to the lipid content, i.e. simple changes of the cosmetic properties by modifications of the lipid content may affect the efficacy of a formulation....
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PMID: 19120336
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Modified-butterfat (MBF) was synthesized with four blends (8:6:6, 6:6:8, 6:6:9, and 4:6:10, by weight) of anhydrous butterfat (ABF), palm stearin (PS) and flaxseed oil (FSO) through enzymatic interesterification in a continuous packed-bed reactor. Flow rate effect of 3, 5, 8 and 10 mL/min on enzymat...
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PMID: 19138078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The physicochemical (pH, texture, Vitamin C, ash, fat, minerals) and sensory properties of banana were correlated with the genotype and growing conditions. Minerals in particular were shown to discriminate banana cultivars of different geographical origin quite accurately. Another issue relates to th...
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PMID: 18989831
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Several studies have shown that volatile compounds are particularly well-suited for the authentication lamb diet by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of adipose tissue. The aim of the present work was to use dynamic headspace-GC-MS to study the variations in the amounts of volati...
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PMID: 19154165
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether lipocalin type-prostaglandin D synthase (l-pgds) deficiency contributes to atherogenesis using gene knockout (KO) mice. A high-fat diet was given to 8-week-old C57BL/6 (wild type; WT), l-pgds KO (LKO), apolipoprotein E (apo E) KO (AKO) and l-pgds/apo E do...
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PMID: 19070593
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed the functional roles of AVP in hormone release and metabolisms of glucose, fat, and protein in mutant mice lacking the V1a (V1aR-KO) or V1b receptor (V1bR-KO). Our study suggests that antagonists for the receptors could affect the hormone secretions and metabolisms....
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PMID: 19151542
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We found that the first derivative model was the best, and the performance for 0-4 degrees C was better than that for 20 degrees C. At 0-4 degrees C and 20 degrees C, the correlation coefficients were 0.950 and 0.924 for fat, 0.713 and 0.455 for protein and 0.944 and 0.914 for water respectively, SE...
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PMID: 19385215
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I of protein to fat (11,653/I1,745) in the dead seed kernels of the cistanche deserticola was decreased from 0.31 to 0. 23, which was 25.8% less than that in vital seed kernels. The results suggest that FTIR not only can be used in fast comprehensive analysis of seed components, but also can be used...
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PMID: 19385214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effect of different hydrolysis times (4, 8 and 24 h) of a lipase-rich enzymatic preparation (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0% w/v) produced by fungus Penicillium sp. in solid-state fermentation was evaluated on the anaerobic biodegradability of a poultry slaughterhouse wastewater with 800 mg oil and grease [O&...
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PMID: 19587421
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract