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Sphingolipids (1):
Recent article
Sphingolipids
Abstract
We do not have a clear picture of their precise intracellular localization. Advances in lipidomics and subcellular fractionation should help to improve this situation. Genetic approaches have provided insights into the diversity of sterol and sphingolipid functions in eukaryotes providing evidence t...
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PMID: 21454248
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Xenobiotica (41)5 2011
Abstract
We focus on two sphingolipid signaling molecules, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide, as they are involved in cell fate decisions (survival vs. apoptosis) and in a wide range of pathophysiological processes. For S1P, we will discuss sphingosine kinases and S1P lyase as the enzymes which are...
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PMID: 18751924
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Studies of sphingolipids have become one of the most rapidly advancing fields in the last two decades. These highly diverse lipids have been known to have multiple physiological functions and clinical implications in several diseases, including tumorigenesis, inflammation, atheroscle...
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PMID: 21401891
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuromolecular Medicine (12)4 2010
Abstract
We have made an honest attempt to compile recent findings made by others and us relating to the role of sphingolipids in the disease process of MS....
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PMID: 20607622
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined the precise substrate specificities of all the ELOVLs by in vitro analyses. Particularly notable was the high activity exhibited by ELOVL1 toward saturated and monounsaturated C20- and C22-CoAs, and that it was essential for the production of C24 sphingolipids, which are unique in thei...
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PMID: 20937905
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Food and Chemical Toxicology (48)10 2010
Abstract
We believe that metabonomic approach is helpful to further understanding and clinical diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) induced nephrotoxicity.
Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20678537
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have proposed a possibility of another important sphingolipid function associated with cold acclimation. In animal cells, it has been known that the plasma membrane contains microdomains due to the chanracteristics of sphingolipids and sterols, and the sphingolipid- and sterol-enriched microdomai...
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PMID: 20818179
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously shown that the expression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) gene in drug-resistant K562/AO2 human leukemia cell was higher than that in drug-sensitive K562 cell, and the sensitivity to adriamycin of K562/AO2 cell was enhanced by inhibiting GCS. It is concluded that the overexpres...
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PMID: 19936984
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise a complex family of naturally occurring molecules that are enriched in lipid rafts and contribute to their unique biochemical properties. Membrane sphingolipids also serve as a reservoir for bioactive metabolites including sphingosine, ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate and cer...
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PMID: 20559316
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide a brief overview of the mechanisms by which sphingolipids regulate steroidogenesis. In addition, we discuss how steroid hormones control sphingolipid metabolism. Finally, we outline evidence supporting the emerging role of bioactive sphingolipids in various nuclear processes and discuss a...
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PMID: 20138078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Many sphingolipids have key functions in the regulation of crucial cellular processes. Ceramide (Cer) and sphingosine (Sph) induce growth arrest and cell death in multiple situations of cellular stress. On the contrary, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the product of Sph phosphorylation, promotes proli...
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PMID: 20100817
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Experimental Gerontology (45)5 2010
Abstract
We investigate the ceramide, sphingomyelin (SM) and phosphatidylserine (PS) levels in the hippocampus of 3-month-old-32-month-old rats as well as the correction of sphingolipid turnover in the brain of old rats by means of the dietetic fish oil and PS. To study the lipid turnover, the [(14)C]-labele...
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PMID: 20197086
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (New York) (75)5 2010
Abstract
We showed that nystatin induced changes in the ratios of molecular species of glycoceramides. It was suggested that the modification of the sterol component of plasma membrane could influence membrane functioning by changing the sphingolipid composition of lipid rafts....
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PMID: 20632933
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In many eukaryotes, phospholipids (PLs) and sphingolipids (SLs) are abundant membrane components and reservoirs for important signaling molecules. In Leishmania, the composition, metabolism, and function of PLs and SLs differ significantly from those in mammalian cells. Although only a handful of en...
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PMID: 20026359
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Microbiology (156)Pt 4 2010
Abstract
We identified and characterized a sphingolipid C9-methyltransferase gene (MTS1, C9-MethylTransferase for Sphingolipid 1) in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. The mts1 disruptant lacked (E,E)-9-methylsphinga-4,8-dienine in its glucosylceramides and contained (E)-sphing-4-enine and (E,E)-sphinga-...
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PMID: 20019081
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The joint 30th Annual Meeting of the Australian Neuroscience Society and the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Australian Physiological Society, held in Sydney, included topics covering new developments in the fields of neuroscience and physiology. This conference report highlights selected presentati...
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PMID: 20373243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In-vitro and ex-vivo studies suggest that dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may exert immunosuppressive and anticancer effects through changes in lipid raft organization. In addition, gangliosides and cholesterol may modulate lipid raft organization in a number of tissues, and recent w...
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PMID: 20010096
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the genes involved in the synthesis of ceramide, lcb1, lcb2, tsc10, lac1, lag1, and sur2 on ceramide production levels. The genes were cloned into pYES2 high copy number vectors. S. cerevisiae was cultivated on YPDG medium at 30 degrees Celsius. Ceramide was purified fr...
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PMID: 20208441
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of new fluorescence labeled sphingolipids containing 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3alpha,4alpha-diaza-s-indacene-8-yl (Me4-BODIPY-8) group at omega-position of a fatty acyl residue is described. The obtained probes were used in studies of biological and model mem...
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PMID: 20823923
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mikrobiologiia (79)1 2010
[Lipid composition of zygomycetous fungi Blakeslea trispora under stimulation of lycopene synthesis]
Abstract
Mikrobiologiia (79)1 2010
Abstract
Abstract
The complex molecular cascades of ischemic tolerance in brain cells remain unclear. Recently, sphingolipid-related metabolite ceramide has been implicated as a second messenger in many biological functions, including neuronal survival and death. The present study, therefore, examined the roles of ce...
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PMID: 20045928
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results illustrate the usefulness of tissue imaging MALDI-MS with matrix deposition by OCN for the molecular analysis in normal physiology and pathology. In addition, the observation of numerous lipid subclasses with distinct localizations in the brain slices demonstrates that imaging MALDI-MS...
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PMID: 20680588
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We were interested to see whether the levels of certain sphingoid base metabolites are altered in patients with diabetes.
In a case-control study we compared plasma sphingoid base levels between healthy and diabetic individuals. DSB levels were higher in the diabetic group whereas C16 and C18 sphing...
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PMID: 20712864
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sphingolipids constitute a diverse array of lipids in which fatty acids are linked through amide bonds to a long-chain base, and, structurally, they form the building blocks of eukaryotic membranes. Ceramide is the simplest and serves as a precursor for the synthesis of the three main types of compl...
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PMID: 20937139
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Science Signaling (3)141 2010
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factors (TRAFs) control inflammatory and immune responses by acting downstream of TNFRs and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TRAF2 in particular has been extensively studied for its involvement in signaling by TNF-α, the classic inflammato...
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PMID: 20876871
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Methods in Enzymology (470) 2010
Abstract
We have decided to present robust, simple methods to quantify the major yeast lipids by mass spectrometry that should be accessible to anyone who has access to a standard mass spectrometry equipment. The methods to identify and quantify yeast glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids involve electrospr...
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PMID: 20946818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bilayer lipids, far from being passive elements, have multiple roles in polypeptide-dependent pore formation. Lipids participate at all stages of the formation of pores by providing the binding site for proteins and peptides, conditioning their active structure and modulating the molecular reorganiz...
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PMID: 20687479
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We suggest that similar physical steps could play a role in the mediation of other pore forming toxins (PFT). The membrane pores formed by PFT are expected to have limited lifetime on biological cell surface as a result of membrane dynamics during endocytosis and/or rearrangement of lipid rafts....
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PMID: 20687487
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We summarize current knowledge of SL structure, synthesis and function in several of the major parasitic protozoan groups....
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PMID: 20919659
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid mediator with crucial roles in a wide variety of cellular functions across a broad range of organisms. Though a simple molecule in structure, S1P functions are complex. The formation of S1P is catalyzed by one of two sphingosine kinases that have dif...
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PMID: 20919652
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Studies using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the common baker's or brewer's yeast, have progressed over the past twenty years from knowing which sphingolipids are present in cells and a basic outline of how they are made to a complete or nearly complete directory of the genes that catalyz...
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PMID: 20919657
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chinese Medical Journal (122)24 2009
Abstract
Three main forms of sphingolipids, ceramide, sphingomyelin and ceramide-monohexoside, are related to hepatic I/R injury and provide a new perspective in understanding the mechanisms responsible for hepatic I/R injury....
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PMID: 20137496
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously observed that the ceramide metabolizing enzyme, acid ceramidase (AC) is upregulated in tumor tissues. Studies have now concluded that this creates a dysfunctional ceramide pathway, which is responsible for tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. This suggests th...
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PMID: 19874262
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We developed a quantitation method for ceramide and dihydroceramide, a saturated form of ceramide, in human hairs. Lipids were extracted with ethanol from human hairs spiked with N-oleoyl-D-erythro-C(17) sphingosine, an internal standard. Ceramide and dihydroceramide were resolved by TLC and deacyla...
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PMID: 20162410
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Society transactions (37)Pt 5 2009
Abstract
Biological membranes are not structurally passive solvents of amphipathic proteins and lipids. Rather, it appears their constituents have evolved intrinsic characteristics that make homogeneous distribution of components unlikely. As a case in point, the concept of lipid rafts has received considera...
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PMID: 19754431
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Chromatography B (877)26 2009
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise a highly diverse and complex class of molecules that serve as both structural components of cellular membranes and signaling molecules capable of eliciting apoptosis, differentiation, chemotaxis, and other responses in mammalian cells. Comprehensive or "sphingo...
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PMID: 19147416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesized that uterine sphingolipid metabolism would change during implantation Thus, sphingolipid metabolism regulates proper uterine decidualization and blood vessel stability. The findings also suggest that disturbance in sphingolipid metabolism may be considered as a cause of pregnancy los...
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PMID: 19899433
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a highly diverse category of bioactive compounds. This article describes methods that have been validated for the extraction, liquid chromatographic (LC) separation, identification and quantitation of sphingolipids by electrospray ionization, tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) us...
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PMID: 19036716
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (1791)8 2009
Abstract
Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) has been localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by subcellular fractionation and enzymatic assays, and fluorescence microscopy of epitope-tagged SPT; however, our studies have suggested that SPT subunit 1 might be present also in focal adhesions and the nucleus...
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PMID: 19362163
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sphingolipids constitute a biologically active lipid class that is significantly important from both structural and regulatory aspects. The manipulation of sphingolipid metabolism is currently being studied as a novel strategy for cancer therapy. The basics of this therapeutic approa...
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PMID: 19579220
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that elevated ceramide biosynthesis contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Chronic treatment for 8 wk of genetically obese (ob/ob), and, high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice with myriocin, an inhibitor of de novo ceramide synthesis, decrease...
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PMID: 19435851
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified two distinct classes of VDR coactivators, VDR-interacting protein (DRIP) and steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) at different stages of keratinocyte differentiation. Here, we determined the functions of VDR and coactivators in lipid production and permeability barrier formation. Silenci...
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PMID: 19052561
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have measured the transmembrane diffusion of spin-labelled analogues of sphingolipids in phosphatidylcholine (PC) large unilamellar vesicles in the absence or presence of cholesterol, going from a fluid ( liquid disordered) ld, phase to a more viscous, liquid ordered (lo), p...
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PMID: 19247845
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the sphingolipid biosynthesis inhibitor fumonisin B(1) has been achieved. This convergent synthesis utilizes oxonia Cope rearrangements to prepare two key homoallylic alcohols, which are then functionalized to the primary components A and B for cross-coupling. Other high...
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PMID: 19354245
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Carcinogenesis (30)5 2009
Abstract
We investigated the endogenous ceramide levels in 43 malignant breast tumors and 21 benign breast biopsies and compared them with those of normal tissues using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The total ceramide levels in malignant tumor tissue samples were sta...
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PMID: 19279183
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have molecularly characterized lipids bound to the human CD1d isoform. Ligands were eluted from secreted CD1d molecules and separated by normal phase HPLC, then characterized by mass spectroscopy. A total of 177 lipid species were molecularly identified, comprising glycerophospholipids and sphing...
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PMID: 19415116
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have explored the possibility that inducing Mitf expression via lipid-mediated activation of the p38 stress-signalling pathway may represent a re-pigmentation strategy. Here we have isolated from placental extract a C18:0 sphingolipid able to induce Mitf and tyrosinase expression via activation o...
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PMID: 19207217
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (109)1 2009
Abstract
We determined the content of four myelin-specific proteins, myelin basic protein (MBP), 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP), myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) and proteolipid protein (PLP), and that of myelin-enriched sphingolipids in the brains of ASMKO and wild-type mice in early...
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PMID: 19187445
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent observations implicate CFTR, in addition to known effects on fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, in the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism and suggest that this pathway is relevant to inflammation and infection. A common mechanism on how CFTR affects such a wide spectrum of lipid classe...
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PMID: 19209467
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Natural Product Research (23)1 2009
Abstract
We have isolated three new cytotoxic components of sphingolipids (1–3). Methanolysis of the sphingolipid 1a–d in methanol produces fatty acid methyl ester. GC/MS was used to determine the length. The structure of each isolated compound has been determined on the basis of spectrosco...
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PMID: 18989826
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined that safingol induces cell death of an exclusively autophagic character and lacking any of the hallmarks of apoptosis. Safingol inhibited PKCbeta-I, PKC delta and PKC epsilon, and inhibited phosphorylation of critical components of the PI3k/Akt/mTOR pathway (Akt, p70S6k and rS6) and th...
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PMID: 19098447
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Sphingolipids are known to function as structural components in cell membranes, but they also have signalling properties. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in particular, is an extracellular messenger that activates five G protein-coupled cell surface receptors, and regulates important physiological fu...
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PMID: 19180419
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterize the neuropathology of Mcoln1(-/-) mouse at the end stage. Evidence of ganglioside accumulation, including increases in GM2, GM3, and GD3 and redistribution of GM1, was found throughout the central nervous system (CNS) independent of significant cholesterol accumulation. Unexpectedly,...
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PMID: 19151629
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that biosynthesis of sphingolipids is necessary for the nonhost resistance of N. benthamiana against P. cichorii....
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PMID: 19061400
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract