Emi Morita,
Nobuyuki Hamajima,
Asahi Hishida,
Kyoko Aoyama,
Rieko Okada,
Sayo Kawai,
Koutaro Tomita,
Sayaka Kuriki,
Takashi Tamura,
Mariko Naito,
Takaaki Kondo,
Jun Ueyama,
Akiko Kimata,
Kanami Yamamoto,
Yoko Hori,
Junko Hoshinos,
Ritsuko Hamamotos,
Sanae Tsukamoto,
Joji Onishi,
Shoichi Hagikura,
Hisao Naito,
Satoshi Hibi,
Yoshinori Ito and
Kenji Wakai
Abstract
The Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC Study) is a long-term cohort study to investigate the interactions among genotypes, lifestyles, and lifestyle-related diseases, especially cancer. This article reports the outline of the baseline survey of the Daiko Stu...
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PMID: 21928700
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We focus on the miRNA-related genetic variations and cancer susceptibility and progression....
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PMID: 21831803
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Survivors of childhood cancer are at excess risk of developing subsequent primary neoplasms but the long-term risks are uncertain.
To investigate long-term risks of subsequent primary neoplasms in survivors of childhood cancer, to identify the types that contribute mo...
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PMID: 21642683
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The cancer preventive activities of tea (Camellia sinensis, Theaceae) have been demonstrated in animal models for cancers at different organ sites and suggested by some epidemiological studies. Many mechanisms for cancer prevention have been proposed based on studies in cell lines, w...
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PMID: 21538856
PDF is available here.
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that signals generated in tumor microenvironments are crucial to tumor cell behavior, such as survival, progression and metastasis. The establishment of these malignant behaviors requires that tumor cells acquire novel adhesion and migration properti...
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PMID: 21362138
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was originally described as a cytokine that inhibits migration of macrophages at the site of inflammation. Subsequently it was also identified as a stress-induced hormone released from the anterior pituitary lobe in response to some pro-in...
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PMID: 21091281
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe the design, production and characterization of a novel immunocytokine, in which murine interferon-alpha2 was sequentially fused with the tumor-targeting antibody fragment scFv(F8), specific to the alternatively-spliced EDA domain of fibronectin. The resulting fusion protein (F8-IFNa) cou...
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PMID: 21225052
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results imply that LL-37 administered at the site of a tumor could influence the adaptive antitumor immune response by killing Tregs and thus inhibiting their suppressor activity....
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PMID: 21389875
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In summary, recently developed technologies have begun to draw back the curtain of mystery that obscures some of the basic mechanisms of DNA replication at multiple levels. Studies using extended DNA and chromatin fiber techniques have proven valuable for identifying the location of...
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PMID: 21093474
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource (ACSR) is a cooperative agreement among the United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) (Office of the Director, Office of HIV and AIDS Malignancy (OHAM)) and regional US consortia, University of California, San Francisco (West Coast), George Washington Univer...
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PMID: 20949389
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously reported an angiogenic endothelial cell-targeted polymeric gene carrier, PEI-g-PEG-RGD. This targeted carrier was developed by the conjugation of the ανβ3/ανβ5 integrin-binding RGD peptide (ACDCRGDCFC) to the cationic polymer, branched polyethylenimine, with a hydrophilic polyeth...
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PMID: 21375397
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found FAM190A transcripts to have internal rearrangements in 40% (19/48) of unselected human cancers. Most of these tumors (84%) had in-frame structures, 94% of which involved deletion of exon 9. The FAM190A gene is located at 4q22.1 in a region of common fragility, FRA4F. Although normally stabl...
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PMID: 21378412
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will discuss the importance of both established and novel molecular concepts that may underlie the role of DNA methylation in cancer....
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PMID: 21141722
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss three mechanisms through which histone methylation can be removed from the chromatin template. We describe how these "erasure" mechanisms are linked to pathways that are known to be misregulated in diseases, such as cancer. We further describe how errors in the removal of histone methylat...
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PMID: 21141725
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe in detail in this chapter. There is growing interest in those interventions that can counteract the adverse effects of treatment and cancer. Because such adverse effects are further aggravated by physical inactivity, a special emphasis is being placed on physical activity (PA) interventi...
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PMID: 21113771
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We introduce this volume on PA and cancer and provide an overview of its content and organization. We also review some of the methodological challenges in this field, summarize the key conclusions of each chapter, and offer some general directions for future research. The volume contains 16 chapters...
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PMID: 21113758
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Close to 90% of human genes are transcribed into pre-mRNA that undergoes alternative splicing, producing multiple mRNAs and proteins from single genes. This process is largely responsible for human proteome diversity, and about half of genetic disease-causing mutations affect splicin...
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PMID: 21637003
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The covalent attachment of small ubiquition-like modifier (SUMO) polypeptides, or sumoylation, is an important regulator of the functional properties of many proteins. Among these are many proteins implicated in human diseases including cancer and Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parki...
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PMID: 21482412
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Despite evidence that radiation therapy (RT) improves outcome in multiple malignancies, some patients with strong clinical indications still refuse RT. Data on factors associated with RT refusal are limited. Furthermore, the effect of RT refusal on outcome has not been clearly defined.
Patients with...
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PMID: 20216302
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We inserted palindromic E2F-binding sites into the endogenous E1A promoter. The insertion of these sites controlling E1A-Δ24 results in a low systemic toxicity profile in mice. Importantly, the E2F-binding sites also increased the cytotoxicity and the systemic antitumor activity relative to wild-ty...
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PMID: 20808288
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Metastasis and the Tumor Microenvironment Conference, held in Philadelphia, included topics covering new research developments in the field of metastasis and tumor microenvironment. This conference report highlights selected presentations on angiogenesis biomarkers, vessel stabilization, genetic...
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PMID: 21046522
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We respectively analyzed the characters of infection in 489 patients with malignant tumors.
The respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site (61.1%). The infection was mainly caused by opportunistic pathogens. The Gram-negative bacterias mainly consisted of Pseudomonas aeru...
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PMID: 21131742
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To determine the availability of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment in the UK and to assess the magnitude of the shortfall in terms of patient treatments. In addition, the availability of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) was also reviewed.
A survey was carried out between July and Sep...
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PMID: 20667700
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review the clinical evidence for IMRT and present ongoing or unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
We identified randomised and non-randomised comparative studies of IMRT and conventional radiotherapy using MEDLINE, hand-searching Radiotherapy and Oncology and the International Journal...
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PMID: 20673708
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Extracts of green tea and green tea polyphenols have exhibited inhibitory effects against the formation and development of tumors at different organ sites in animals. These include animal models for skin, lung, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestine, colon, liver, pancreas, bladder, mammary glan...
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PMID: 20924968
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of this article was to summarize the evidence concerning the association between Mediterranean dietary pattern and cancer risk in observational epidemiological studies. All the studies that met the following criteria were reviewed: human cohort and case-control studies that examined the effe...
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PMID: 20924961
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggested that intermittent IV administration of SMS is efficient, safe, and very convenient, while continuous IV administration is also efficient as long as the SMS potency is not reduced by mixed drugs....
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PMID: 20948271
PDF is available here.
Abstract
ACOS 2010 was held last August 25 through 27, with the president of doctor Shigetoyo Saji (Professor emeritus of Gifu University) at a beautiful Nagara River side of Gifu city, Japan. This ACOS was first proposed and organized by doctor Tetsuo Taguchi, Professor Emeritus of Surgical Department of th...
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PMID: 20948278
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The combination of palliative external beam radiation with concurrent weekly bortezomib therapy at a dose of 1.6 mg/m(2) is well tolerated in patients with metastatic solid tumors. The maximum tolerated dose of once weekly bortezomib delivered concurrently with radiation therapy is greater than 1.6...
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PMID: 20133082
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Patient safety concerns in surgery are increasing. The frequency of surgery-related adverse events and errors is high, and most could be avoided. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) proposed the Universal Protocol (UP-JCAHO) for preventing wrong site, wrong proc...
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PMID: 20964064
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The article by Roesch-Ely and colleagues in a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology describes the use of proteomic techniques to examine mucosal biopsies in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and in corresponding control samples. The authors were able to determine the anatom...
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PMID: 20623483
PDF is available here.
Hideo Nakajima,
Yasuhito Ishigaki,
Qi-Sheng Xia,
Takayuki Ikeda,
Yoshino Yoshitake,
Hideto Yonekura,
Takayuki Nojima,
Takuji Tanaka,
Hisanori Umehara,
Naohisa Tomosugi,
Takanobu Takata,
Takeo Shimasaki,
Naoki Nakaya,
Itaru Sato,
Kazuyuki Kawakami,
Keita Koizumi,
Toshinari Minamoto and
Yoshiharu Motoo
Abstract
We designated FAM107B as heat shock-inducible tumor small protein (HITS) and studied its expression and functional properties in cancer. HITS is an 18-kDa nuclear protein expressed in a variety of tissues including stomach, colon, lung and lymphoid organs. In human gastric and colorectal cancers and...
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PMID: 20664927
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The current way to increase efficacy of cancer therapy is the use of molecular recognition of aberrantly expressed gene products for selective treatment. However, only a fraction of the patients have tumors with a particular molecular target. Radionuclide imaging of molecular targets might help to s...
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PMID: 20497119
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Investigator-initiated clinical trials are essential for improving the standard of care for cancer patients, because pharmaceutical companies do not conduct trials that evaluate combination chemotherapy using drugs from different companies, surgery, radiotherapy or multimodal treatments. Government-...
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PMID: 20670961
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We now use expression patterns from normal tissues for classifier training. This approach potentially avoids pitfalls related to the representation of genetically heterogeneous tumor subtypes during classifier training. Two expression data sets of normal human tissues have been reanalyzed to derive...
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PMID: 20514016
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have used small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microarray analysis to provide the first whole-genome analysis of genes regulated by ATF4 in cancer cells in response to severe and prolonged hypoxic stress. We show that ATF4 is required for ER stress and hypoxia-induced expansion of autophagy. MAP1LC3...
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PMID: 20514020
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Natural products, especially microtubule-binding natural products, play important roles in the war against cancer. From the clinical use of vinblastine in 1961, paclitaxel in 1992, to ixabepilone in 2007, microtubule-binding natural products have continually contributed to the development of cancer...
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PMID: 20577942
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Significantly increased risks were observed in the cohort as a whole or in subgroups, for several cancer sites, viz: cancers of the buccal cavity and pharynx; pancreas; trachea/bronchus/lung; brain; cervix; lymphoid leukemia; monocytic leukemia; and tumors of the hemopoietic and lymphatic systems. E...
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PMID: 20541185
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified the Ikaros gene from 14 vertebrate genomes and found Ikaros existed in all kinds of vertebrate including fish, amphibians, birds and mammals. Moreover, except rat and Xenopus tropicalis Ikaros proteins, which lack the first C2H2-type 1 Zinc finger region, all identified Ikaros proteins...
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PMID: 20596648
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumour cells is a challenge because most of the chemotherapeutic agents distribute to the whole body, which results in general toxicity and poor acceptance by patients and sometimes discontinuation of the treatment. Metallic nanoparticles have been used...
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PMID: 20645671
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We provide a summary of the basic mechanistic role of APE1 in DNA repair and redox regulation and highlight preclinical and clinical data that confirm APE1 as a valid anticancer drug target. Development of small molecule inhibitors of APE1 is an area of intense research and current evidence using AP...
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PMID: 20056333
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the effect of miR-221 on GAX expression. miR-221 strongly upregulated GAX, suggesting that miR-221 downregulates a repressor of GAX. We next expressed miR-221 in ECs and identified ZEB2, a modulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as being strongly downregulated by miR-221. Using...
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PMID: 20516212
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We originally reported as a new member belonging to this subfamily, may participate in other processes in human cancer cell lines based on our research. In order to investigate the function of Rabl3 and the basic mechanism which regulates cancer cell survival and motility, we constructed the Rabl3-p...
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PMID: 20596630
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assessed the potential such surveys might have to stimulate service improvements by comparing their inclusion criteria, sampling and timing and by investigating how representative they were of patients registered with cancer in South East England. Where hospital trusts had data from 50 patients w...
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PMID: 20545797
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We aim to review a number of examples that show how alterations in the folding of tumor-suppressor proteins or oncogenes lead to tumorigenesis. The possibility of targeting the targets to repair or degrade protein misfolding in cancer therapy is discussed....
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PMID: 20653514
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Lipid-based nanocarriers or liposomes have been proven successful in the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and are currently applied clinically in the treatment of various types of cancer. Liposomes offer the advantage of a high drug payload, decreased drug toxicity and enhanced dr...
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PMID: 20424894
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We established that three representative PBOXs, PBOX-6, -15 and -16 were capable of inducing apoptosis in drug-resistant HL60-MDR1 cells (expressing P-glycoprotein) and HL60-ABCG2 cells (expressing BCRP) with similar potencies as in parental human promyelocytic leukaemia HL60 cells. Likewise, resist...
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PMID: 20020128
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The complexity of organisms is not simply determined by the number of their genes, but to a large extent by how gene expression is controlled. In addition to transcriptional regulation, this involves several layers of post-transcriptional control, such as translational repression, microRNA-mediated...
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PMID: 20658706
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We recently developed activatable cell-penetrating peptides (ACPPs) that target contrast agents to in vivo sites of matrix metalloproteinase activity, such as tumors. Here we use parallel in vivo and in vitro selection with phage display to identify novel tumor-homing ACPPs with no bias for primary...
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PMID: 20460372
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Cohort Consortium Vitamin D Pooling Project of Rarer Cancers (VDPP) brought together 10 cohorts to conduct a prospective study of the association between vitamin D status, measured as serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and the development of 7 rarer cancer sit...
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PMID: 20562193
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Cohort Consortium Vitamin D Pooling Project of Rarer Cancers (VDPP) brought together 10 cohorts to conduct a prospective study of the association between vitamin D status, measured as serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and the development of 7 rarer cancer sit...
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PMID: 20562193
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cancer vaccines consisting of intact tumor cells genetically modified to secrete the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) have undergone extensive preclinical development. These vaccines induce the massive accumulation of dendritic cells at the intradermal injection sit...
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PMID: 20670599
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Evidence of effectiveness was found for PDT in the treatment of AK and nodular BCC in relation to placebo, and possibly for treating Barrett's oesophagus. However, the effectiveness of PDT in relation to other treatments is not yet apparent. High-quality trials are needed to compare PDT with relevan...
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PMID: 20663420
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Obesity has been recognized as an important risk factor for many serious medical conditions. The association of obesity with an increased risk of many cancers is of enormous economic importance to the health industry.The metabolic syndrome and visceral obesity have an increasing prev...
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PMID: 20698826
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The database of two population-based cancer registries (Philippine Cancer Society-Manila Cancer Registry and Department of Health-Rizal Cancer Registry) was used to generate age-standardized incidence rates of cancer during 1980-2002. Five-year relative survival rates were obtained for incident case...
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PMID: 20385654
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this long-term follow-up study we found little evidence of a causal association between employment as an urban bus driver in Denmark and subsequent cancer.
2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc....
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PMID: 20583138
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Since the realisation that the antigen-binding regions of antibodies, the variable (V) regions, can be uncoupled from the rest of the molecule to create fragments that recognise and abrogate particular protein functions in cells, the use of antibody fragments inside cells has become...
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PMID: 20544739
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Since the realisation that the antigen-binding regions of antibodies, the variable (V) regions, can be uncoupled from the rest of the molecule to create fragments that recognise and abrogate particular protein functions in cells, the use of antibody fragments inside cells has become...
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PMID: 20544739
PDF is available here.