Abstract
Stress and various stress hormones, including catecholamines and glucocorticoids, have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which represents the greatest unresolved medical challenge in neurology. Angiotensin receptor blockers have shown benefits in AD and prone-t...
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PMID: 21297982
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were acquired in 13 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 15 elderly alcoholics, and 32 elderly controls. Midsagittal area, length, dorsoventral height, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) of the total corpus callosum an...
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PMID: 20832253
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Accessing the subarachnoid space via intrathecal needle placement can be done in nonhuman primates (NHPs) and other species to collect cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) or to deliver agents into the CSF. Researchers can use a variety of techniques for intrathecal collection and administration. Drawing on...
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PMID: 20859278
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously reported that peripherally injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces apoptosis in the OB in young adult mice. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine whether peripherally injected LPS induces apoptotic cell death also in the SVZ. Two mouse strains were used: C3H/HeN and Toll-li...
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PMID: 20600591
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated whether whole brain atrophy and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype are associated with the rate of functional decline in MCI.
Participants were 164 healthy controls, 258 MCI patients, and 103 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disea...
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PMID: 20813341
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two studies in hydrocephalic children and adolescents were performed to assess the penetration of linezolid into cerebrospinal fluid and its relation to meningeal inflammation.
Each patient was administered intravenous linezolid 10 mg/kg every 12 hours for 3 days (study 1) or every 8 hours for 2 day...
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PMID: 20442688
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We highlight the ongoing debate about the use of decompressive craniectomy to control intracranial pressure after traumatic brain injury; included is a summary of review of the most recent literature on the effect of decompressive craniectomy on increased intracranial pressure after traumatic brain...
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PMID: 20686006
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To investigate the distribution and expression of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) in spinal cord, hypothalamus and third ventricle of cerebrum, of the hypersensitive viscera rats, and to research on the mechanism of CRF in the hypersensitive vicera signal conduction pathway in IBS (irritable bo...
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PMID: 20931858
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that deletion of the filamentous protein Septin 5 imparts immature synapses with striking morphological and functional features reminiscent of mature synapses. This includes synaptic vesicles tightly localized to active zones, resistance to the slow Ca(2+) buffer EGTA and a reduced nu...
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PMID: 20624595
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The neurologist is in a unique position to differentiate NPH from alternative diagnoses, to suggest management strategies for patients with concomitant NPH and another neurologic disorder, and to participate in longitudinal management of NPH....
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PMID: 20592567
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The internal capsule was demonstrated by dissecting fibers of all its parts. Fibers that forms the internal capsule originate from different parts of cerebral cortex and pass through corona radiata that lies in lateral periventricular area and lateral to the caudate nucleus above the upper border of...
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PMID: 20669103
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies measuring the lateral ventricles in patients with schizophrenia and a control group.
The MEDLINE database was searched from 1980 to 2009 for longitudinal MRI studies of patients with schizophrenia. We identified 13 studies that measured the latera...
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PMID: 20537866
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found no evidence in support of our hypothesis. Indeed, the finding of reduced global grey-matter volume in the African-Caribbean/black African patients but not in the white British patients was contrary to our prediction....
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PMID: 19891807
PDF is available here.
Michael Piper,
Guy Barry,
John Hawkins,
Sharon Mason,
Charlotta Lindwall,
Erica Little,
Anindita Sarkar,
Aaron G Smith,
Randal X Moldrich,
Glen M Boyle,
Shubha Tole,
Richard M Gronostajski,
Timothy L Bailey and
Linda J Richards
Abstract
We demonstrate that, in addition to activating the expression of astrocyte-specific genes, Nfia also downregulates the activity of the Notch signaling pathway via repression of the key Notch effector Hes1. These data provide a significant conceptual advance in our understanding of neural progenitor...
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PMID: 20610746
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Beneficial impact of ANS on mortality and composite BPD/mortality is evident only after a complete course and persists even with its administration beyond a week from delivery....
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PMID: 20297898
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report two autopsy cases that revealed the partial absence of the septum pellucidum with ventriculomegaly. In each case, the brain showed mild dilatation of both frontal horns of the lateral ventricles, normal third and fourth ventricles and no aqueductal stenosis. The posterior portion of the se...
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PMID: 20514325
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Grade II to IV intraventricular hemorrhage was associated with increased sodium intake on each of the first 3 days following birth. The association remained after controlling for gestational age, severity of illness, respiratory factors, and gender. The association of high sodium intake with intrave...
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PMID: 20517944
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of reduced fetal oxygen supply on cerebral white matter in the adult offspring and further assess its susceptibility to postnatal hypoxia and high-fat diet. Based on a 3 x 2 full factorial design consisting of three factors of maternal hypoxia,...
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PMID: 20417619
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine how brain atrophy and white matter lesions affect correlations between tract shape, tract integrity and age in a range of frontal and non-frontal tracts in 90 non-demented subjects aged over 65 years using an enhanced version of probabilistic neighbourhood tractography. This novel method...
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PMID: 20171285
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We observed that the method tends to fail when the segmentation target shows ventricular enlargement that is not captured by the atlas database. By incorporating tissue classification information into the image registration process, we aimed to increase the robustness of the method. For testing, sub...
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PMID: 20114079
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used this technique to study the spatial and temporal dynamics of CSF flow in the ventricular system of 40 normal volunteers. Classification of the patterns of CSF flow based on calculation of three-dimensional particle path lines over the cardiac cycle revealed one uniform flow pattern for the l...
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PMID: 20152907
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use in utero electroporation and genetic fate mapping to show that SNPs and RGCs cohabit the VZ but display different cell cycle kinetics and generate phenotypically different progeny. In addition, we find that RGC progeny undergo additional rounds of cell division as intermediate progenitor cell...
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PMID: 20484645
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found systematic differences in ICV estimation, tested in a cohort of healthy subjects (n=5) that had been imaged using 1.5T and 3T scanners, and confirmed in two independent cohorts. This was related to systematic differences in the intensity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with higher intensities...
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PMID: 20114082
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A patient received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for a scheduled total knee arthroplasty. After an injection of spinal anesthetic and ephedrine due to a decrease in blood pressure, the patient developed a severe headache. The patient did not respond to verbal command at the completion of the o...
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PMID: 20376909
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Surgery is an important component in the management of intraventricular metastases. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study focusing totally on resection of lateral-ventricle metastases. The authors found that patients with primary RCC, those with a favorable preoperative KPS score, and t...
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PMID: 19663549
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Data in this study suggest that 5-ALA fluorescence of the ventricular wall may be predictive of postoperative hydrocephalus associated with CSF dissemination even in cases without evidence of CSF dissemination on MR imaging studies before surgery. The authors also speculate that postoperative radiot...
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PMID: 19747042
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) is a major complication of intraventricular haemorrhages in very preterm infants. Posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation is associated with a high rate of disability, multiple impairments and adverse effects of shunt surgery for hydrocephalus. It may l...
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PMID: 20495227
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Patients who are face, arm, speech test (FAST) positive may have a stroke mimic diagnosis. Careful attention to the speed of onset of symptoms is paramount. Magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in supplementing the clinical assessment.
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PMID: 20437999
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The authors discuss a rare case of hemorrhage in a filum terminale ependymoma presenting with acute paraparesis and transient hydrocephalic dementia in association with long-term phenprocoumon anticoagulation. The CT scan of the brain revealed the presence of blood in both occipital horns and commun...
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PMID: 20036457
PDF is available here.
Abstract
FPCT and navigation software on contemporary fluoroscopic units perform imaging of a quality comparable with conventional CT. They can accurately guide percutaneous procedures, providing live instrument visualization and the capability to re-image without patient transfer. FPCT navigation was used in...
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PMID: 20299429
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Improvement in neuropsychologic function after successful liver transplant can be demonstrated up to 9 years. However, these patients experience a progressive accumulation of focal T2 brain lesions and show a smaller brain volume than controls, which can be related to their previous cirrhosis. A goo...
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PMID: 20118844
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that hippocampal and caudate volumes were decreased in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. We found no ventricular enlargement, differences in global volume or significant associations between tissue volume and duration of untreated illness or psychopathology. The hippocampal volume...
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PMID: 20184807
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Operation can improve obviously younger sick children's cerebral blood flow velocity and PI; for older children, the improvement of diastolic cerebral blood flow velocity was more obvious than that of systolic cerebral blood flow velocity, and PI reduced distinctly, which showed that decompression s...
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PMID: 20216458
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Among the total of 66 (n=66) MRI films studied for brain abnormalities, brain atrophy, presence of septum pellucidum and enlarged Virchow-Robins spaces were significantly associated with schizophrenia (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between cases and controls for ventricular dilatat...
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PMID: 20392378
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Brain hemorrhage is the most fatal form of stroke and has the highest morbidity of any stroke subtype. Intraventricular extension of hemorrhage (IVH) is a particularly poor prognostic sign, with expected mortality between 50% and 80%. IVH is a significant and independent contributor to morbidity and...
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PMID: 20425231
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although prevalent in patients with vascular risk factors and stroke, enlarged perivascular spaces are specifically associated with lacunar ischemic stroke and white matter hyperintensities. Further studies should determine the mechanism of this association while including adequate controls to accou...
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PMID: 20056930
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Seventeen patients were entered into the study. ECPC was completed in 9 patients; the procedure successfully controlled excessive head circumference and signs of increased intracranial pressure in 8 of these patients (88.8%). One endoscopic procedure in a hydranencephalic child failed after 7 months...
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PMID: 20173541
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Patients with intracranial hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage should be cared for in an intensive care unit. New therapies designed to stabilize hematoma growth and reduce hematoma burden may improve outcomes....
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PMID: 20068459
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mean +/- SD values for Vh and the Vh-to-hemispheric height ratio were 4.96 +/- 1.56 mm and 7.47%, respectively. The mean VA was 114.29 +/- 47.68 mm(2), and the mean VV was 2,443.50 +/- 1,351.50 mm3. Normal to minimally asymmetric ventricles were identified in 13 calves, and mildly asymmetric ventric...
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PMID: 20113219
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We employed immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to study the expression of Dlx5 and related homeobox genes Er81 and Islet1 in neonatal rat brain and in in vitro cultured SVZa neural precursors. Our results show that Dlx5 and Er81 are also highly expressed in the SVZa, rostral migra...
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PMID: 20027483
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The occipital horn both appears to be and measures closer to the occipital bone in fetuses with MMC compared to healthy fetuses....
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PMID: 20103795
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this population of pregnancies compromised by hypertensive disorders or preterm labour fetal GMs correlated with neonatal GMs. Presence of moderate echogenicity changes in the fetal brain was not related to neonatal GMs....
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PMID: 20153941
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus are the most important neurological complications in preterm infants during the neonatal period. The incidence of germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage widely ranges from 5% to 90%, depending on the population of study. Although the...
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PMID: 20212401
PDF is available here.
Abstract
As reported previously we found a positive association between neurodevelopmental delay and the degree of lateral ventricular dilatation. The presence of additional abnormalities is generally a poor prognostic sign and accompanied by a nonfavorable postnatal outcome.
Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Bas...
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PMID: 20339298
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 33-year-old female presented with a rare case of severe vasospasm following the rupture of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) without subarachnoid hemorrhage. Initial computed tomography (CT) revealed a subcutaneous hematoma and cast formation of intraventricular clots without the deposition of s...
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PMID: 20448426
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We removed 30 ml of cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar tap, which improved her condition without symptom recurrence for 2 months. She did not require shunt placement. Post-interventional hydrocephalus is known in patients with unruptured aneurysms embolized with bioactive second-generation coils. This ca...
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PMID: 20671386
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The diagnostic efficacy of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT) for acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were compared and the problems with diagnosis were investigated in 81 patients with aneurysmal SAH within 24 hours after onset who un...
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PMID: 20671377
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We are testing a parallel shunt system that can be implanted very early after bleeding. It should be able to tolerate a high load of protein and blood in the CSF. After clearance of the CSF, the valveless arm of the shunt is closed by a percutaneous manipulation and the valve-arm is opened....
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PMID: 19812932
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a major complication of prematurity. IVH typically initiates in the germinal matrix, which is a richly vascularized collection of neuronal-glial precursor cells in the developing brain. The etiology of IVH is multifactorial and is primarily attributed to the intr...
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PMID: 19816235
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The treatment options for symptomatic arachnoid cysts are shunting, open craniotomy, and endoscopic fenestration. Endoscopic fenestration of large arachnoid cyst is safe and effective. Postoperative subdural hematoma and intraparenchymal hemorrhage can be avoided by endoscopic fenestration. This tec...
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PMID: 20644286
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The cella media distance is much better predictor of brain lateral ventricular volume in men than in women....
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PMID: 20208973
PDF is available here.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To present the prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound findings of Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syndrome (MDLS) associated with chromosome 17p13.3 deletion in a fetus. CASE REPORT: A 30-year-old, primigravid woman was referred to the hospital at 31 weeks' gestation because...
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PMID: 20045764
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A total of 183 post-EVD insertion scans were reviewed. Of those, 73 EVD tips (39.9%) were in the ipsilateral frontal horn of the lateral ventricle (the desired target); of those, 18 (25%) required EVD revision/reinsertion. Of the others, 35 (19.1%) were in the third ventricle, 33 (18%) in the body o...
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PMID: 19934980
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The incidence of echogenic material in the frontal horns is less than 1%. This does not represent the normal location of the choroid plexus and may represent hemorrhage, which may resolve without sequelae or result in ventriculomegaly and porencephaly....
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PMID: 19933475
PDF is available here.