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Parasympathetic Nervous System (3):
Recent article
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Heart Rhythm (7)8 2010
Abstract
Parasympathetic control of the heart is an important component in the regulation of normal cardiac function. However, the anatomic course of parasympathetic innervation of the heart is unclear.
The purpose of this study was to apply a gross parasympathetic nerve stain technique to reveal the details...
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PMID: 20381645
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We suggest that four autonomic responses may be differentially sensitive to abusers' potency in terms of the IA hypothesis of autonomic activity. The stronger BVP and RESPR responses and the weaker PTEMP reactions of the high-risk IA abusers indicate the sympathetic nervous system was heavily activa...
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PMID: 20712495
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose that long-term oestrogen deficiency may result in abnormal distribution and localization of brain oestrogen receptors, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, septohippocampal cholinergic degeneration and reactive gliosis. These multiple pathogenic factors may account for the lack of any benefic...
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PMID: 20456422
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We have examined whether and why an anticholinergic agent, and in particular tiotropium, might cause CV risks.
We first examine the potential pharmacological mechanisms that justify the CV risk with an anticholinergic agent, and then the main clinical trials, observational (cohort or case-control) s...
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PMID: 20565229
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study indicated that high concentrations of azelastine might actually inhibit parasympathetic function of the trachea. Azelastine might reduce asthma attacks in rhinitis patients because it could inhibit parasympathetic function and reduce methacholine-induced contraction of tracheal smooth mus...
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PMID: 20502763
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrine Regulations (44)2 2010
Abstract
In order to allow precise regulation of bodily functions, the activity of the autonomic nervous system must be precisely regulated. The traditional model concerning the regulation of norepinephrine and acetylcholine release in target tissues suggests that the activities of the efferent arms of the a...
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PMID: 20429636
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Cardiologica (65)2 2010
Abstract
The loss of consciousness during tilt testing-induced syncope differs in terms of duration among patients with neurally mediated syncope. The dLOC during TTS is associated with medical history and tilt-testing data which confirm the vasovagal aetiology of spontaneous events. The longer dLOC suggests...
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PMID: 20458828
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use various mutant mouse strains, each lacking one of the muscarinic receptors that mediate parasympathetic activity, to show that the parasympathetic nervous system acting through the M(3) muscarinic receptor is a positive regulator of bone mass accrual, increasing bone formation and decreasing...
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PMID: 20197056
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hypertension (55)3 2010
Abstract
We hypothesized that upregulation of RAMP1 would favorably enhance autonomic regulation and attenuate hypertension. Blood pressure, heart rate, and locomotor activity were measured by radiotelemetry in transgenic mice with ubiquitous expression of human RAMP1 (hRAMP1) and littermate controls. Compar...
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PMID: 20100989
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
BMC Physiology (10) 2010
Abstract
Inhibitory action of CCh was much stronger on atrial contractility than HR. CCh reduced force of atrial contraction at an order of magnitude lower concentrations (EC50 2.75-3.5.10-8 M) in comparison to its depressive effect on HR (EC50 1.23-2.02.10-7 M) (P < 0.05) without differences between winter...
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PMID: 20540719
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) plays a key role in the regulation of AbetaPP metabolism via cholinergic receptors. The purpose of the present work is to clarify whether other putative signaling systems are involved in the same pharmacological pathway. We f...
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PMID: 20413902
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cardiology journal (17)1 2010
Abstract
Purpose of this study was to examine pupil size changes and mobility in normal subjects and in heart failure (HF) patients.
Sixteen stable patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II or III heart failure and sixteen control subjects were studied. Pupillary reaction to light was recorded...
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PMID: 20104459
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed the modulation of serotonin on the bradycardia induced in vivo by vagal electrical stimulation in alloxan-induced long-term diabetic rats. Bolus intravenous administration of serotonin had a dual effect on the bradycardia induced either by vagal stimulation or exogenous Ach, increasing i...
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PMID: 21403818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that ankyrin-B-deficient islets displayed impaired potentiation of insulin secretion by the muscarinic agonist carbachol, blunted carbachol-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release, and reduced the abundance of IP3R. Ankyrin-B-haploinsufficient mice exhibited hyperglycemia after oral ingestion b...
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PMID: 20234002
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study examined whether the quality of relationships with foster caregivers was associated with autonomic nervous system reactivity of children during separation and reunion with their foster caregiver. Moreover, effects of early adversity were examined in relation to attachment and autonomic ne...
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PMID: 20102650
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Fiziologiia cheloveka (36)2 2010
Abstract
It is shown in the paper, polymodal rhythmic sensory influences (light, sound, vibrating-tactile etc), in combination being measures of neuro-correction, can be used for correction of a human psychophysiological condition. Efficiency of a method is shown in positive effects on mental sphere of a per...
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PMID: 20432692
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
The effect of attentional control and heart-period variability on negative affect and trait anxiety.
Abstract
In this study, the author examines the effect of attentional control and heart-period variability on measures of negative affect and trait anxiety in undergraduate students. Baseline heart rate was recorded from 119 participants within a laboratory setting. Spectral analysis was used on the heart-ra...
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PMID: 20441130
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
After removing three cases with CRP values suggesting acute inflammation, the mean CRP value was 1.43 mg/L (range 0.02-7.96 mg/L, SD = 1.55). In models that adjusted for gender, age, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index, smoking, exercise, systolic blood pressure and health conditions includin...
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PMID: 19504232
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
SUMMARY: Cardioprotective benefits of exercising at vigorous intensities are known, but reservations remain in prescribing such activity to the untrained population, due to a perceived risk of cardiac events. Few studies have investigated the recovery of the autonomic nervous system...
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PMID: 19744086
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested whether NGF mediates atropine-enhanced, antigen challenge-induced hyperreactivity. Antibody to NGF (Ab NGF) was administered to sensitized guinea pigs with and without atropine pretreatment (1 mg/kg iv) 1 h before challenge. At 24 h after challenge, animals were anesthetized, vagotomized,...
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PMID: 19447892
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Cardiologica (64)4 2009
Abstract
Syncope is more frequently a HUTT outcome than presyncope. The provocation of syncope in the passive phase of HUTT depends only on the cardiodepressive type of neurocardiogenic reaction. The induction of presyncope after nitroglycerin provocation is related to the possibility of a false positive rea...
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PMID: 19725438
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) are episodes of repetitive and stereotypic leg movements occurring during sleep. In adults, research indicates that PLMS affects sleep quality and duration and are associated with a shift to relatively greater sympathetic influence over cardiovascular variables....
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PMID: 19725261
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We performed noninvasive electrophysiological studies (NI-EPS) and characterized the electrophysiological properties of the sinus node, atrioventricular (AV) node, and ventricle in subjects with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction and dual-chamber defibrillators. NI-EPS were performed durin...
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PMID: 19525382
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied five hypertensive patients treated with 10 mg cilnidipine (10-mg group) and five hypertensive patients treated with 20 mg cilnidipine (20-mg group). Before the treatment and 6 months after the treatment, we measured the blood pressure, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), heart rate...
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PMID: 19387900
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Adenine nucleotide effect on intraocular pressure: Involvement of the parasympathetic nervous system
Abstract
Nucleotides are present in the aqueous humor possibly exerting physiological effects on intraocular pressure (IOP). To determine the effect of nucleotides such as ATP and its related derivatives on IOP, New Zealand white rabbits were used. IOP was measured in rabbits treated topicall...
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PMID: 19250934
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hypertension Research (32)5 2009
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of nifedipine coat-core (once daily formulation) and amlodipine on systemic arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension. Study drugs were assigned by the randomized open-label crossover method. After the blood pressure was maintained below 130/85...
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PMID: 19373239
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neurosurgery (64)5 Suppl 2 2009
Abstract
The paired vidian canals are located in the skull base along the line of fusion of the pterygoid process and body of the sphenoid bone. The canal opens anteriorly into the medial part of the pterygopalatine fossa and posteriorly at the upper part of the anterolateral edge of the foramen lacerum. The...
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PMID: 19404118
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neurosurgery (64)5 Suppl 2 2009
Abstract
The GSPN emerged from the facial hiatus in a shallow bony groove proximally, ran into a deeper sphenopetrosal groove, and eventually reached the mandibular nerve. With front-to-back dissection, this nerve was easily identified at the posterior border of the mandibular nerve. Dissection from front to...
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PMID: 19404106
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We concluded that the EUS was not activated during the phase of storage. The bladder was under the cooperative, not antagonistic, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activities with discernible rhythmic frequencies and persistent intensities....
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PMID: 19764342
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (367)1892 2009
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) regulation is the result of a number of very complex control interactions. As computational power increases and new methods for collecting experimental data emerge, the potential for exploring these interactions through modelling increases as does the potential for clinical appli...
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PMID: 19324714
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the effects of blockades of the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous systems using the indices of autonomic nervous activity such as high frequency (0.061-1.5 Hz) component, low frequency (0.02-0.060 Hz) component and the low frequency power component to high frequency power compon...
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PMID: 19198851
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We suggest that coaches consider HRR and BHR for the monitoring of training for endurance performance....
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PMID: 19209085
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These data suggest that both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are dysregulated in FXS. However, given that prolonged exposure to social demands does not inevitably lead to increased anxiety or "hyperarousal," professionals should not be deterred from providing much needed social skill...
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PMID: 19182690
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
As expected, parasympathetic function (HRR) was within the normal range in these young people (-58 +/- 2 bpm). The index for sympathetic overactivity varied over a wide range from 9 to 34 bpm/(mL x kg x min(-1)), with obese adolescents having values in the highest 25th percentile. We found that this...
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PMID: 19204601
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Eye Research (34)3 2009
Abstract
EGTA, a chelator of extracellular Ca(2+), significantly reduced the resting tension. Y27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, significantly reduced the resting tension in a concentration-dependent manner. The resting tension diminished by Y27632 was significantly recovered by the addition of calyculin A, a m...
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PMID: 19274524
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nutritional Neuroscience (12)1 2009
Abstract
Caffeine induces modifications of activity of the autonomic nervous system. This study analyzed the effect of a cup of espresso coffee on the heart rate variability (HRV) power spectral analysis, which is a method providing evaluation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic discharge. In young, healt...
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PMID: 19178791
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I is characterized by decreasing SDNN/RMSSD, LF/HF and mHR. The decrease is more pronounced <32 wks GA. Beyond that GA SDNN/RMSSD is predominantly determined by RMSSD during fHRP I and by SDNN during fHRP II. In contrast to fHRP I, during fHRP II, mHR is positively correlated to SDNN/RMSSD instead o...
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PMID: 19179746
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Italian journal of anatomy and embryology = Archivio italiano di anatomia ed embriologia (114)4 2009
Abstract
Our research enables us to describe the organization of the innervation of the lamb retractor penis muscle, highlighting the site of the primary afferent, postganglionic efferent and presumably preganglionic parasympathetic neurons projecting to the muscle....
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PMID: 20578672
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Texas Heart Institute journal / from the Texas Heart Institute of St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital (36)4 2009
Abstract
We examined at our outpatient clinic and prospectively enrolled 30 consecutive patients with Behçet's disease and 50 healthy control participants who were matched for age and sex. Basal electrocardiography, echocardiography, and treadmill exercise testing were performed in all patients and control...
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PMID: 19693299
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv (81)9 2009
Abstract
A course of EMS raised strength of the muscles of the upper and lower limbs and exercise tolerance of the lower limb muscles in the study group, bicycle exercise and 6-min walk tolerance, reduced the number of atrial and ventricular extrasystoles. The test group lowered the low-frequency component a...
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PMID: 19827653
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv (81)4 2009
Abstract
In supine position the data of low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) of spectral power in both groups of patients were significantly higher than in volunteers. During upright the HF of spectral power significantly decreased in patients and volunteers. In upright position LF of spectral power si...
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PMID: 19514416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Terapevticheskii arkhiv (81)5 2009
Abstract
A cardioinhibitory NCS variant was characterized by slow heart rate (both at rest and test), increased mode amplitude--Amo (by 28, 1, 21, 6 and 46.8% at rest, tilt test, in rehabilitation, respectively), range of deviation (RD) (by 47, 1, 62, 5 and 52.9%, respectively). A simultaneous rise of indice...
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PMID: 19537592
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The lung, like many other organs, is innervated by a variety of sensory nerves and by nerves of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems that regulate the function of cells within the respiratory tract. Activation of sensory nerves by both mechanical and chemical stimuli elicits a number...
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PMID: 19655107
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Comprehensive Therapy (35)3-4 2009
Abstract
Recognizing the focal role of the CNS and stress in the pathogenesis of chronic facial dermatitis, the author hypothesized that the main responsibility for the persistence of CFD lies in the parasympathetic portion of the CNS. The validity of this hypothesis is challenged with organ specific treatme...
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PMID: 20043610
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Antigen-challenged animals were hyperreactive to vagal stimulation and neuronal M(2) receptors were dysfunctional. Both M(2) receptor dysfunction and airway hyperreactivity were prevented by etanercept. Etanercept reduced eosinophils around airway nerves, and in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage and air...
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PMID: 19134001
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology (27)3 Suppl 54 2009
Abstract
SSc patients showed a statistically significant higher HR at rest (p<0.01), a lower increase of diastolic BP during tilt test (p<0.01). They had suboptimal hypertensive and bradycardic response to the cold face test (Systolic BP: p<0.05; Diastolic BP: p<0.01; HR: p=0.08). The Valsalva manoeuver, dee...
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PMID: 19796555
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Single-fibre extracellular action potentials were recorded with 2 pairs of wire electrodes from lower human sacral nerve roots during surgery. The roots from which was recorded from were used for morphometry. Nerve fibre groups were identified by conduction velocity distribution histograms of single...
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PMID: 19845099
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Twenty healthy adults were randomly assigned to a moderate pressure or a light pressure massage therapy group, and EKGs were recorded during a 3-min baseline, during the 15-min massage period and during a 3-min postmassage period. EKG data were then used to derive the high frequency (HF), low freque...
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PMID: 19283590
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified numerous neuropathologic features of AD including central accumulation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) and cognitive deficits compared to rabbits fed unaltered diet. Removing cholesterol from the diet or treatment with cholesterol-lowering medications reversed the severity of AD-like alteratio...
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PMID: 19096162
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We all know that heart pumps blood commensurate with the needs of the body and this unending toil, and its regulation depends on the intrinsic properties of the myocardium, Frank-Starling Law and neurohumoral contribution. It has been understood, though not clearly enough, that these time-tensions m...
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PMID: 19103543
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Inhalational sedation with nitrous oxide shifted cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic balance toward a parasympathetic dominance via the suppression of sympathetic activity. Music listening during sedation did not provide further relaxing effects....
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PMID: 19000603
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that the pathological prion protein is mainly transported to the spinal cord and brain via the sympathetic nervous system and partially via the sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia. The vagus nerve does not seem to contribute to the transport of the pathogen from the ileu...
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PMID: 19122393
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology/Revue Canadienne de Physiologie et Pharmacologie (86)12 2008
Abstract
We tested how a standardized test meal and atropine affected the dynamic response to insulin in humans. Insulin sensitivity was assessed in healthy male subjects (aged 28.9 +/- 1.9 years, body mass index 23.3 +/- 0.8 kg.m-2) by using the rapid insulin sensitivity test (RIST), which is a transient eu...
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PMID: 19088809
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Journal of Pediatric Surgery (43)12 2008
Abstract
We report the first pediatric case of acute pseudoobstruction secondary to sickle cell disease that was treated successfully with neostigmine. Early recognition of this phenomenon is important as it alters patient management, can be treated medically, and may avoid unnecessary surgical intervention....
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PMID: 19040954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Life Sciences (83)19-20 2008
Abstract
Our results showed that, in guinea pigs, microinjection of carbachol, morphine and bicuculline into the DH promoted antinociception, while muscimol promoted pronociception. These results were verified by a decrease and an increase, respectively, in the vocalization index in the vocalization test. Th...
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PMID: 18854195
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.