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Allylisopropylacetamide (0):
Recent article
Allylisopropylacetamide
Abstract
We therefore investigated the effect of compounds that alter haem metabolism on duodenal iron absorption. CD1 mice were treated with either an inhibitor (succinyl acetone (SA)) or stimulator (2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide (AIA)) of haem biosynthesis. 5-Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase and urina...
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PMID: 18384829
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Neuropharmacology (54)4 2008
Abstract
Propylisopropylacetamide (PID) is a chiral CNS-active constitutional isomer of valpromide, the amide derivative of the major antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA). The purpose of this work was: a) To evaluate enantiospecific activity of PID on tactile allodynia in the Chung (spinal nerve ligation,...
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PMID: 18201732
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Pharmacology (75)3 2008
Abstract
This study focuses on the alterations suffered by the serotoninergic and kinurenergic routes of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in liver, and their relation with gluconeogenic phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase (PEPCK) blockage in experimental acute porphyria. This porphyria was induced in rats by a comb...
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PMID: 17996218
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Toxicology (216)1 2005
Response of glucose metabolism enzymes in an acute porphyria model. Role of reactive oxygen species.
Abstract
We can speculate that the alterations observed in glucose metabolism enzymes could be partly related to the damage caused by ROS on their enzymatic protein structures, suggesting that they could be also linked to the beneficial role of glucose administration in acute hepatic porphyria cases....
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PMID: 16125296
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
1. Propylisopropyl acetamide (PID) is a new chiral amide derivative of valproic acid. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of PID in rodent models of partial, secondarily generalized and sound-induced generalized seizures which focus on different methods of seizure i...
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PMID: 12598414
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We now demonstrate that the in vitro hemin-mediated reassembly of heme-stripped microsomal CYP2B1 requires GSH as well as the ER chaperone GRP94, but not the cytosolic chaperone heat shock protein 90. It remains to be determined whether GSH acts directly or indirectly, via a putative ER thiol reduct...
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PMID: 12485603
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
1. The effect of the fluorinated ether anaesthetics enflurane and isoflurane in mice on haem metabolism and regulation in different metabolic states, such as depression and induction of cytochrome P450 produced by allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) and imidazole, respectively, was investigated. 2. Mice p...
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PMID: 11022972
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pharmaceutical Research (16)10 1999
Abstract
(R)-PID demonstrated better anticonvulsant activity, lower clearance and a longer half-life compared to (S)-PID. When racemic PID was administered, the clearance of (S)-PID was significantly reduced, reflecting an enantiomer-enantiomer interaction....
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PMID: 10554101
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We attribute 30% of N-AIAPP formation in males to the non-gender-specific isozymes (CYP2C6, 2C7, and/or 2B1/2), whereas approximately 70% originates from CYP2C11. PB treatment in female rats resulted in a 5-fold increase in N-AIAPP formation, showing that CYP2B1/2 were also susceptible to N-alkylati...
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PMID: 10460791
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cancer Biochemistry Biophysics (17)1-2 1999
Abstract
These results give additional support to our hypothesis about a mechanism for the onset of hepatocarcinogenesis....
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PMID: 10738899
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We can conclude that individual PID enantiomers do not demonstrate stereoselective teratogenicity in NMRI mice. Due to its better anticonvulsant activity than VPA and lack of teratogenicity, PID (in a stereospecific or racemic form) has the potential to become a new antiepileptic and CNS drug.
Copyr...
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PMID: 10467316
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Arzneimittel-Forschung (47)6 1997
Abstract
Acute hepatic porphyrias can be induced by several drugs and acute attacks of porphyrias are often associated with severe hypertension. Therefore it is important to know if an antihypertensive drug used has porphyrogenic potency or not. As previously demonstrated in normal rats the alpha-receptor bl...
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PMID: 9239451
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have assessed the ability of three prototype porphyrinogenic compounds-namely, 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethylpyridine (DDEP), 3-[2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl]-4-methylsydnone (TTMS), and allylisopropylacetamide (AIA)-to cause mechanism-based inactivation of cDNA-expre...
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PMID: 9107543
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested whether a decrease in cellular heme might increase 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNA stability and whether heme or other metalloporphyrins could reverse this stabilization. We found that: (a) The stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNA was markedly increased by inhibitors of hem...
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PMID: 8797843
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the porphyrinogenicity of propofol in a rat model. After a pilot study had been conducted to determine an optimal dose, 48 fasting male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated randomly to six groups. The animals in groups 1-3 received saline i.p. In groups 4-6, the animals were given allylis...
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PMID: 7547054
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A frequent coexistence of diabetes and porphyria disease has been reported. Under normal conditions, porphyrin biosynthesis is well regulated to only form the amount of heme required for the synthesis of the various hemoproteins. The activity of some heme enzymes and rhodanese in streptozotocin (STZ...
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PMID: 7728901
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude that this hepatocyte culture system is highly sensitive to COC toxicity and that constitutive as well as induced cytochrome P450 isoforms are involved in the production of liver damage from COC....
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PMID: 8171439
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The stimulation of protoporphyrin (PP) biosynthesis in B16 melanoma cells in order to facilitate photodynamic cell killing was studied. Biosynthesis and accumulation of PP in the melanoma cells was increased from 8 to 15 pmol/mg protein by the use of dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO), a differentiation-indu...
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PMID: 8262664
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I is competitively inhibited by sulphadimidine, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, etc. Allylisopropyl acetamide (AIA) seems to inhibit glyoxalase II. This inhibition could play a contributing role in the overproduction of porphyrins in porphyria and thus help explain the mechanism of induction of po...
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PMID: 8122034
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have employed this procedure to measure liver and kidney porphyrin concentrations in male Fischer rats and to define the distinctive changes in tissue porphyrin patterns associated with treatment with the hepatic and renal porphyrinogenic chemicals, allylisopropylacetamide, and methyl mercury hyd...
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PMID: 8258382
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (1142)1-2 1993
Abstract
Application of a single dose of allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) to phenobarbital-pretreated rabbits resulted in partial destruction of the heme moiety of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450. A minor fraction of chromophore loss was accounted for by heme-derived product(s) covalently attached to microsom...
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PMID: 8457584
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology (102)1 1992
Abstract
1. Some studies of cyclophosphamide (CP) and its metabolite acrolein in chick embryo liver were carried out in order to investigate the mechanism of the porphyrinogenic action of CP. 2. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that CP induced but did not activate delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) syntha...
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PMID: 1358518
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We concluded that the behaviour of rhodanese is a property inherent to the tissue and not one attained with time....
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PMID: 1526138
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study demonstrates an experimental model of the biochemical pattern of the 'latent phase' of hepatic porphyria subject to 'acute attack', upon application of prophyrinogenic stimuli. The 'latent phase' was achieved by administering 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1, 4-dihydrocollidine [DDC], 70 mg kg-1 da...
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PMID: 1806982
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated whether heme regulates ALA synthase mRNA expression transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally in primary cultures of chick embryo hepatocytes. 2-Propyl-2-isopropylacetamide increased the rate of transcription of the ALA synthase gene, whereas heme or an inhibitor of heme biosynthes...
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PMID: 1898078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Precision-cut rat-liver slices were used to study the metabolism of the alkylating agent N,N',N''-triethylenethiophosphoramide (thio-TEPA). Exposure to high concentrations (1-10 mM) of thio-TEPA for 6 h did not prove to be toxic to the liver slices as indicated by insignificant leakage of potassium...
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PMID: 1718615
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The ability of cimetidine to reduce the activity of hepatic aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALA-S) was examined in allylisopropyl acetamide (AIA) treated porphyric adult rats. A dose of 20 mg cimetidine/100 gm body weight resulted in a 50% decrease in the AIA-induced hepatic ALA-S activity compared to...
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PMID: 2248274
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The localization of 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS) in hepatocytes of untreated and porphyrinogenic drug-treated rats has been examined by an immunocytochemical approach using a monoclonal antibody and protein A-gold labeling. Gold particles representing antigenic sites for ALAS were observed in t...
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PMID: 2369125
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Pharmacology (40)2 1990
Abstract
The present work demonstrates that phenformin exerted an inducing effect on delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALA-S) and ferrochelatase activities and on cytochrome P-450 content in isolated hepatocytes from rats with experimental diabetes. Similar results were obtained with respect to ALA-S activ...
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PMID: 2165405
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This investigation shows that the regulation of heme synthesis in the regenerating rat liver does not differ from the regulation in the normal liver. The heme saturation of tryptophan pyrrolase was found to be low, indicating a reduced concentration of heme in the regulatory heme pool of the regener...
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PMID: 2383430
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (1034)2 1990
Abstract
L-Alanine: 4,5-dioxovalerate transaminase (ADT) was determined in liver homogenates of rats treated by either inducers of porphyrin synthesis or the repressor, hemin. ADT activity was not induced by the porphyrinogenic agents nor reduced by hemin, indicating that ADT probably has no regulatory role...
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PMID: 2354190
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Vascular Pharmacology (21)4 1990
Abstract
1. The effect of colchicine, vincristine and griseofulvin (GRIS) on the porphyrinogenic action of 2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide (AIA) and veronal was studied in vivo and using the in vitro experimental model of tissue explant cultures. 2. Complete prevention by colchicine was found in liver and heart...
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PMID: 2379798
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude that lower induction of liver ALA-S activity in TBM liver is due to correspondingly lower drug metabolism ability of TBM liver. Otherwise our results suggest that the control mechanism operating in T and probably in its original tissue are different from those described for normal liver....
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PMID: 2178097
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined by cDNA-RNA solution hybridization analyses that in ovo administration of allylisopropylacetamide in combination with diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate increased the concentrations of cytochrome P-450 RNA in liver, kidney, and intestine of 18-day-old chicken...
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PMID: 1696217
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effects of pure synthetic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners on the induction of cytochrome P450 and associated activities were examined in cultured chick embryo hepatocytes. Dose-response effects for the induction of total cytochrome P450 ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, and...
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PMID: 2510602
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effect of cadmium along with a porphyrogenic drug, allyl isopropyl acetamide, on the induction of 5-amino levulinic acid (ALA) synthetase, ALA dehydratase and heme level was studied. The interaction of cadmium with allyl isopropyl acetamide indicated that the decrease in hepatic heme level by ca...
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PMID: 2628306
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Journal (262)3 1989
Abstract
We have determined in this study, using immune-blot analyses, that administration in ovo of allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) in combination with diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl,3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (DDC) increased the mass of ALA synthase in intestine and kidney of chick embryos. Furthermore,...
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PMID: 2590168
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our study showed that these amides need an unsubstituted beta position in their aliphatic side chain in order to biotransform to their homologous acids. An amide which is not metabolized is more potent as an anticonvulsant than its biotransformed isomer. All amides were more active than their respec...
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PMID: 2510141
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
1. The expression of the phenobarbital-inducible cytochrome P-450 mRNA species (P-450 IIB1 and IIB2) were investigated in different tissues of rats following treatment with 2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide. 2. The mRNAs were detected as a single 2.1 kb mRNA species by Northern blot analysis. These mRNAs...
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PMID: 2788542
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (1007)2 1989
Abstract
Expression of the phenobarbitone-inducible cytochrome P-450 mRNA species (cytochrome P450IIB1/IIB2) has been investigated in tissues of rats following administration of 2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide or phenobarbitone. Using a cDNA probe complementary to these mRNAs, a 2.1 kb mRNA species was detected...
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PMID: 2920173
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Exposure of animals to foreign chemicals results in the induction of many enzymes. The mitochondrial enzyme 5-aminolaevulinate synthase (ALV-S) is induced to supply haem for cytochrome P-450 (P-450) enzymes, the key proteins in drug detoxification. The drugs phenobarbital and 2-allyl-2-isopropylacet...
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PMID: 2619765
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have investigated this proposal in rats treated with succinylacetone, a known specific inhibitor of the heme biosynthetic pathway. While 2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide, phenobarbitone, dexamethasone, beta-naphthoflavone and clofibrate induced specific cytochrome-P450-mRNA species in rat liver, the...
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PMID: 2912728
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of several metallo-porphyrins, derived by modifications of heme, on the concentration delta-aminolevulinate (ALA) synthase RNA in hepatocytes. 2. Primary cultures of chick embryo hepatocytes were incubated with allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) for 5...
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PMID: 2472979
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (122)5 1988
Abstract
Thyroid hormone alters the rate of heme degradation and the levels of cytochrome P450 in rat liver. These studies report the effects of thyroid status on the activity of hepatic delta-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS), the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in heme synthesis. Thyroidectomized male Sprag...
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PMID: 3359971
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cancer Research (48)8 1988
Abstract
Interferon, interferon inducers, and a variety of other immunomodulators are known to depress the hepatic cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing system. Two concepts have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. (a) The steady-state of cytochrome P-450 is altered through decreased synthesis and increas...
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PMID: 2450644
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (262)35 1987
Abstract
2-Allylisopropylacetamide, a porphyrinogen which decreases the microsomal and cytosolic heme pools, is a phenobarbitone-like inducer of cytochrome P-450(b + e) messenger RNAs in rat liver. The porphyrinogen, however, does not affect the nuclear heme pool and enhances the transcription of cytochrome...
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PMID: 3680282
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Journal (248)1 1987
Abstract
We conclude that inducers of cytochrome P-450 may increase haem synthesis not only by increasing activity of 5-aminolaevulinate synthase, but also by increasing conversion of protoporphyrin into haem....
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PMID: 3435440
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Pharmacology (32)1 1987
Abstract
We now show that such loss reflects inactivation of several phenobarbital-inducible and constitutive isozymes. Some of the isozymes (P-450a,b,h and PB-1) are largely reparable by reconstitution with exogenous hemin, indicating that after AIA-mediated loss of their prosthetic heme, their apoprotein m...
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PMID: 3302670
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Biochemical disorders caused by allylisopropylacetamide in various animal species resemble human acute intermittent porphyria. The antiporphyrogenic efficacy and potency of haem arginate, a new haem compound, were compared with those of haematin in experimental porphyria of rats. Both haem arginate...
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PMID: 3628186
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The effects of hemin on the concentration of the mRNA for delta-aminolevulinate synthase (ALA synthase) and on the association of the messenger with polysomes were investigated in primary cultures of embryonic chick hepatocytes incubated with allylisopropylacetamide (AIA). A synthetic 24-mer DNA com...
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PMID: 3566276
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In rat liver, allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) treatment strongly induced (25-fold) the activity of rat hepatic ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). By either the oral or the subcutaneous route, AIA produced a long-lasting induction (30 to 40 hours) of hepatic ODC activity. Three analogs of AIA, propylisopro...
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PMID: 3508473
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined that testosterone, when injected into the fluid surrounding chick embryos, caused a dose-dependent increase in the concentration of ALA synthase mRNA in liver. Similarly, addition of testosterone (5 micrograms/ml) or of 75 micrograms/ml of allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) into the medium...
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PMID: 3778461
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Carcinogenesis (7)10 1986
Abstract
We examined the effects of the aliphatic amides isopropyl-valeramide (IVA) and allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) on oncogenic transformation and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) induced by cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in C3H/10T1/2 cells and on B[a]Pdiol-epoxide (BPDE)-induced m...
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PMID: 3093110
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Journal (238)3 1986
Abstract
Our findings indicate that, although hepatic uptake of parenteral haemoglobin is slower than that of haem, it appears to serve as an effective haem donor to the intrahepatic 'free' haem pool. Thus parenteral haemoglobin may warrant consideration as a therapeutic alternative to haem in the acute hepa...
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PMID: 3800964
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Journal (238)1 1986
Abstract
Isolated rat hepatocytes incubated with two suicide substrates of cytochrome P-450, 2-allyl-2-isopropylacetamide and 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine(4-ethyl-DD C), convert exogenous mesohaem and deuterohaem into N-alkylated mesoporphyrins and deuteroporphyrins respectiv...
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PMID: 3800937
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Biological Chemistry (261)20 1986
Abstract
Several cDNA clones complementary to a chicken phenobarbital-inducible cytochrome P-450 have been isolated and sequenced, representing the first non-mammalian eukaryotic cytochrome P-450 sequence to be analyzed. The cDNA clones hybridized to two mRNAs of 3.5 and 2.5 kilobases in length, but further...
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PMID: 2424910
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
When cytochrome P-450 in phenobarbital-induced rat liver microsomes was destroyed by 2-isopropyl-4-pentenamide (AIA) in vitro, 50% of the degraded heme was recovered as heme-derived products irreversibly bound to microsomal proteins. In contrast, less than 50% of the degraded heme was accounted for...
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PMID: 3742647
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endogenously formed norharman (beta-carboline) in platelet rich plasma obtained from porphyric rats.
Abstract
Porphyria was induced in adult male Wistar rats starved for 24 hr by SC injection of 400 mg/kg allylisopropylacetamide (AIA). The presence of porphyria was shown by measuring excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) and porphobilinogen (PBG) into the urine during 24 hr after AIA administra...
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PMID: 3088605
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEBS Letters (199)1 1986
Abstract
We demonstrated that cytochrome P-450 is involved in the production of H2O2 during aminopyrine metabolism and phenobarbital induction in both the unanaesthetized guinea pig and rat. In the guinea pig we also found evidence for the existence of a basal cytochrome P-450-dependent H2O2 production, i.e....
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PMID: 3956743
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results represent a novel mechanism for the destruction of cytochromes P-450 by xenobiotics....
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PMID: 3947068
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.