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Biophysical Processes (5):
Recent article
Biophysical Processes
Abstract
Human salivary statherin was purified from parotid saliva and adsorbed to bare hydrophilic (HP) mica and STAI-coated hydrophobic (HB) mica in a series of Surface Force Balance experiments that measured the normal (F(n)) and friction forces (F(s)*) between statherin-coated mica substrata. Readings wer...
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PMID: 21815844
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The structurally unique natural product telomestatin incorporates seven oxazole rings and one sulfur- containing thiazoline in a macrocyclic arrangement. The compound is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme telomerase and therefore provides a structural framework for developing new poten...
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PMID: 21162526
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined possible mechanism(s) responsible for the great reduction in diffusion constants of macromolecules in vivo from that at infinite dilution. In an Escherichia coli cytoplasm model comprised of 15 different macromolecule types at physiological concentrations, BD simulations of molecular-sha...
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PMID: 20937902
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show here by time-resolved optical and FTIR spectroscopy combined with time-resolved electrometry that some mutant enzymes incapable of proton pumping nevertheless initiate catalysis by proton transfer to a proton-loading site. A conserved tyrosine in the so-called D-channel is identified as a po...
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PMID: 20937896
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that the ability of sybII to support exocytosis is inhibited by addition of one or two residues to the sybII C terminus depending on their energy of transfer from water to the membrane interface, following a Boltzmann distribution. These results suggest that following stimulation, the SNARE...
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PMID: 20937897
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ropivacaine induced tonic inhibition of peak Na(+) currents of both subtypes in a dose- and frequency-dependent manner. rNav1.5 appeared to be more sensitive to ropivacaine. In addition, for both Na(+) channel subtypes, the steady-state inactivation curves, but not the activation curves, were signif...
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PMID: 20651810
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that full ligand-induced activation appears already with only two ligands bound to the tetrameric channel. Kinetic analysis of channel activation and ligand binding suggests direct interaction between the voltage sensor and the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain, bypassing the pore. By exploit...
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PMID: 20624593
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We utilized surface plasmon resonance to measure binding affinities between all combinations of alternatively spliced beta-NRX 1-3 and NL 1-3 ectodomains. Binding was observed for all beta-NRX/NL pairs. The presence of the NL1 B splice insertion lowers beta-NRX binding affinity by approximately 2-fo...
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PMID: 20624592
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
DNA and Cell Biology (29)7 2010
Abstract
The mode of binding of sperm and somatic H1 histones to DNA has been investigated by analyzing the effect of their addition on the electrophoretic mobility of linear and circular plasmid molecules. Low concentrations of sperm histones do not appear to alter the electrophoretic mobility of DNA, where...
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PMID: 20438368
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (137)14 2010
Abstract
We have identified the Adam family metalloprotease Kuzbanian (Kuz). Kuz does not regulate midline repulsion through cleavage of Slit, nor is Slit cleavage essential for repulsion. Instead, Kuz acts in neurons to regulate repulsion and Kuz can cleave the Robo extracellular domain in Drosophila cells....
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PMID: 20570941
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)22 2010
Abstract
We present a simple and effective method for isolating the somatic Na(+) current recorded under voltage clamp from neurons in brain slices. The principle is to convert the axon from an active compartment capable of generating uncontrolled axonal spikes into a passive structure by selectively inactiv...
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PMID: 20519549
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)22 2010
Abstract
We investigated the voltage dependence of tonic currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons using patch-clamp techniques. Tonic GABA(A) conductance increased with depolarization from 15 +/- 3 pS/pF at -80 mV to 29 +/- 5 pS/pF at -40 mV. Inhibition of vesicular or nonvesicular GABA release did not p...
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PMID: 20519542
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)22 2010
Abstract
We used global and conditional TASK channel single and double subunit knock-out mice to demonstrate definitively that TASK channels account for motoneuronal, anesthetic-activated K(+) currents and to test their contributions to sedative, hypnotic, and immobilizing anesthetic actions. In motoneurons...
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PMID: 20519544
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (30)21 2010
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the output cells of the retina; they convert synaptic input into spike output that carries visual information to the brain. Synaptic inputs are received, integrated and communicated to the spike initiation zone of the axon by dendrites whose properties are poorly un...
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PMID: 20505081
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that the HABD undergoes an equilibrium between the O and PD conformations, in either the presence or absence of HA, which explains the seemingly contradictory X-ray and NMR structures of the HA-bound HABD. An HABD mutant that exclusively adopts the PD conformation displayed a higher H...
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PMID: 20462498
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Transition state analogue (TSA) complexes formed by phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) have been used to test the hypothesis that balancing of charge within the transition state dominates enzyme-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer. High-resolution structures of trifluoromagnesate (MgF(3)(-)) and tetrafluoroalu...
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PMID: 20397725
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endodontics (36)5 2010
Abstract
At higher generator powers, energy delivered to the file is dissipated in unwanted vibration resulting in reduced vibration displacement amplitudes. This may reduce the occurrence of the biophysical forces necessary to maximize the technique's effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2010 American Association...
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PMID: 20416438
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Extracorporeal use of this energy appears as a new option among non-invasive therapies for renal cancer in selected cases. A low complication rate has been noted, but much longer follow-up times are required for assessment of oncological results....
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PMID: 20470712
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objective of this work was to explore the potential and safety of trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and PEGylated TMC for improved absorption of insulin after nasal administration.
The nasal absorption of insulin nanocomplexes of TMC or PEGylated TMC was evaluated in anaesthetized rats. Concomitantly, th...
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PMID: 20609059
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We reported a method to fabricate fluorescent probes preferentially end-linked to Au nanorods. In comparison with organic dyes, the single nanocomplexes provide significant improvement in signal brightness. The bioconjugated nanoantenna structure implicates an approach that is more convenient and ame...
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PMID: 20364827
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Methods in Molecular Biology (627)627 2010
Abstract
This chapter presents an introduction to the kinetic analysis of SPR biosensor data for the determination of affinity and kinetic rate constants of biomolecular interactions between an immobilized and a soluble binding partner. The need to be aware of and critically test the assumptions underlying t...
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PMID: 20217612
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biological Cybernetics (102)3 2010
Abstract
We propose that the same outcome may be the result of persistent reflection--the continuous reactivation of the axonal nodes that limit a demyelinated internodal segment. Using computer simulations, we studied the patterns of impulse propagation for a wide range of electrophysiological conditions. I...
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PMID: 20238485
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Journal of Cell Biology (188)1 2010
Abstract
We tested the classical hypothesis that astral, prometaphase bipolar mitotic spindles are maintained by balanced outward and inward forces exerted on spindle poles by kinesin-5 and -14 using modeling of in vitro and in vivo data from Drosophila melanogaster embryos. Throughout prometaphase, puncta o...
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PMID: 20065089
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We chose an animal model of pain to study the influence of sensorimotor cortex stimulation on tooth pulp stimulation evoked potentials (TPEPs). Fifteen awake rats implanted with tooth pulp, cerebral cortex, and digastric muscle electrodes were divided into three groups, receiving 60 Hz, 40 Hz and no...
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PMID: 20407486
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigate the influence of this property using injected current as well as spatiotemporally distributed synaptic inputs. Our study demonstrates that K(IR) current inactivation facilitates depolarization, firing frequency and firing onset in these neurons. These effects may be attributed to the...
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PMID: 19488844
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study suggests that light or moderate maternal anemia, without other maternal or fetal comorbidity, is not associated with abnormalities in the parameters of fetal biophysical profile and of the FHR analyzed by computerized cardiotocography....
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PMID: 20101377
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurophysiology (102)3 2009
Abstract
We study this issue at the synapse made by auditory-nerve (AN) fibers onto bushy cells (BCs) of the cochlear nucleus, called the "endbulb of Held." AN fibers carry timing information about sounds and converge on BCs, which relay timing information to brain areas responsible for sound localization. D...
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PMID: 19587324
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cohesion matters! The correlation between the conformational rigidity of the polyelectrolyte and the size and stability of the globular assembly is discussed in this review article. Some examples of models for the association of polyelectrolytes to globular assemblies are shown here.Supramolecular c...
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PMID: 19472233
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have confirmed the interaction of Hsp90 with tau protein and report that binding of Hsp90 to tau facilitates a conformational change that could result in its phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3 and its aggregation into filamentous structures....
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PMID: 19363271
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics (26)2 2009
Abstract
No significant difference was found in allele frequencies and genotype distributions of the -460C/T polymorphism between patients (endometriosis and adenomyosis) and control women (all P value > 0.05). However, there were significant differences in genotype and allele distributions of the VEGF -1154...
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PMID: 19350508
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on fused silica at pH 4.7 was studied at the single molecules level by total-internal-reflection fluorescence microscopy. This pH value was the isoelectric point of BSA. At low [BSA] of 20pM, protein molecules adsorbed as monomers. At intermediate [BSA] o...
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PMID: 19118986
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (108)6 2009
Abstract
We evaluate the effects of (3beta)-3-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]androst-5-en-17-one dihydrochloride (U18666A), a cholesterol synthesis/transporter inhibitor, on selected human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) heterologously expressed in the SH-EP1 cell line using whole-cell patch-cla...
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PMID: 19183258
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (108)6 2009
Abstract
We report that PI3K-Akt signaling participates in the circadian phase-dependent modulation of L-VGCCs. We found that there was a circadian regulation of Akt phosphorylation on Thr308 that peaked at night. Inhibition of PI3K or Akt significantly decreased L-VGCC current amplitudes and the expression...
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PMID: 19166512
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (108)6 2009
Abstract
We found that the fluorescence of a fluorophore tethered to R271C in the extracellular M2 region of the alpha1 glycine receptor increases during glycine activation but not during ivermectin activation. This prompted the hypothesis that this signal reports a glycine-mediated conformational change not...
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PMID: 19166513
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have engineered a carbohydrate-binding module that can be attached to the probe of an atomic force microscope. Thus, the coding sequence for the leader peptide and carbohydrate-binding module from the Cellulomonas fimi cellulase A (cenA) was cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. Site-dir...
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PMID: 19017542
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Experimental Neurology (215)2 2009
Abstract
We report how rAAV vector-mediated overexpression of NPY in the hippocampus affects rapid kindling, and subsequently explore how synaptic plasticity and transmission is affected by kindling and NPY overexpression by field recordings in CA1 stratum radiatum of brain slices. In animals injected with r...
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PMID: 19038255
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (29)4 2009
Abstract
We were interested in understanding how background synaptic conductance activity alters the interspike interval (ISI) variability of layer III pyramidal cells of the medial entorhinal cortex. We compared ISI variability in pyramidal cells as a result of synaptic current- or conductance-mediated memb...
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PMID: 19176806
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (29)4 2009
Dynamical response properties of neocortical neuron ensembles: multiplicative versus additive noise.
Abstract
We compare the response characteristics of an ensemble of neocortical neurons for both modulation schemes. We injected sinusoidally modulated noisy currents (additive and multiplicative modulation) into layer V pyramidal neurons of the rat somatosensory cortex and measured the trial and ensemble-ave...
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PMID: 19176809
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Hematology (14)1 2009
Abstract
The most widespread erythrocyte enzyme defect throughout the world is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency. The diagnosis of G-6-PD deficiency may be missed during an acute hemolytic episode due to increased young red blood cells which have good enzyme activity. However this might b...
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PMID: 19154663
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biophysical Journal (96)3 2009
Abstract
We describe synthesis and application of a new spin-labeled phospholipid analog, SL-POPC. The advantage of this molecule is that the EPR active doxyl group is linked to an unsaturated fatty acyl chain different to saturated phospholipid analogs used so far. The need for those analogs arises from the...
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PMID: 19186138
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We study a thermodynamic model for the stability of a protein-decorated binary lipid layer. Here, proteins interact preferentially with one lipid species and thus locally sequester that species. We aim to specify conditions that lead to an additional macroscopic phase separation of the protein-decor...
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PMID: 19191415
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We compare simulations and theoretical predictions based on Wertheim's thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) for spheres that interact through an isotropic square well interaction coupled to patchy attractions. Following a proposal of Foffi and Sciortino [J. Phys. Chem. B 111, 9702 (2007)], we sho...
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PMID: 19191408
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a label-free strategy for determining the dissociation constant of protein-ligand interactions over a wide dynamic range (>10(4), Kd from nano- to millimolar) using capillary electrophoresis that overcomes the constraints of an ideal two-state protein unfolding model. Multivariate analysis...
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PMID: 19113833
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Applied Optics (48)2 2009
Abstract
We also conduct WMS for the first time using an external cavity quantum cascade laser, a technique that enhances the sensitivity of detection. By employing WMS, we could detect low-intensity absorption lines, which are not visible in the simple absorption spectra, and demonstrate a minimum detection...
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PMID: 19137055
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Since 1960 many attempts have been made to develop visual prostheses for the blind; most of the devices based on the production of phosphenes through electrical stimulation with microelectrodes at the retina, optic nerve, lateral geniculate or occipital lobe are incapable to reconstruct a coherent r...
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PMID: 20553644
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Pharmacology (75)1 2009
Abstract
Dopamine D(2) and D(3) receptors are similar subtypes with distinct interactions with arrestins; the D(3) receptor mediates less agonist-induced translocation of arrestins than the D(2) receptor. The goals of this study were to compare nonphosphorylated arrestin-binding determinants in the second in...
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PMID: 18820126
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Biophysical activity of two twin organometallic compounds Triphenyltin chloride (TPhT) and Triphenyllead chloride (TPhL) in their interreaction with model membranes, as well as with yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was investigated. Four measurement methods were used in the experiments: two phy...
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PMID: 19606258
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mymensingh Medical Journal (18)1 Suppl 2009
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been embroiled in the regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells and hence for the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of hydroxylamine, a nitric oxide donor, on Ca(2+) handling in individual mouse pan...
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PMID: 19377436
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Physical Review E (79)1 Pt 1 2009
Abstract
We propose a multiscale approach to understand the physics related to ion-beam cancer therapy. It allows the calculation of the probability of DNA damage as a result of irradiation of tissues with energetic ions, up to 430 MeV/u. This approach covers different scales, starting from the large scale,...
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PMID: 19257071
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Optics Express (16)26 2008
Abstract
We show that even under a relatively simple experimental arrangement, the methodology provides the resolution of phase measurements as low as 0.007 deg. We also examine the proposed approach using Total Internal Reflection (TIR) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) geometries. For TIR geometry, the r...
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PMID: 19104560
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Economists and cognitive psychologists have long known that prior rewards bias decision making in favor of options with high expected value. Accordingly, value modulates the activity of sensorimotor neurons involved in initiating movements toward one of two competing decision alternatives. However,...
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PMID: 19109919
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A series of structurally constrained analogues based on hybrid compounds containing octahydrobenzo[g or f]quinoline moieties were designed, synthesized, and characterized for their binding to dopamine D2 and D3 receptors expressed in HEK-293 cells. Among the newly developed constrained molecules, tr...
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PMID: 19053758
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have developed a computer-assisted strategy to screen for multitarget inhibitors using a combination of molecular docking and common pharmacophore matching. This strategy was successfully applied to screen for dual-target inhibitors against both the human leukotriene A(4) hydrolase (LTA4H-h) and...
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PMID: 19090779
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemistry (Washington) (47)51 2008
Abstract
We carried out (13)C{(19)F}REDOR experiments using 14-(19)F- and (13)C41-labeled AmBs in sterol-containing and sterol-free palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC) membranes and measured the average distance between the labeled sites of AmBs in membrane-bound forms. The REDOR results suggested that...
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PMID: 19053254
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The binding affinity of (S)-2-amino-6-nitrohexanoic acid to human arginase I was studied using surface plasmon resonance (Kd = 60 μM), and the X-ray crystal structure of the enzyme−inhibitor complex was determined at 1.6 Å resolution to reveal multiple nitro−metal coordination interactions.
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PMID: 19032027
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Movement Disorders (23)16 2008
Abstract
We assessed 14 patients post bilateral STN-DBS, without medication. Six conditions were studied in random order as follows: stimulation inside the STN at low voltage (2 V) and at high voltage (4 V); above the STN at 2 V and at 4 V, at usual clinical parameters, and off-stimulation. The site of stimu...
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PMID: 18785648
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We uncovered that ephrinA1 is released from GBM and breast adenocarcinoma cells as a soluble, monomeric protein and is a functional form of the ligand in this state. Conditioned media containing a soluble monomer of ephrinA1 caused EphA2 internalization and downregulation, dramatic alteration of cel...
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PMID: 18794797
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.