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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Cognition (6):
Recent article
Cognition
Abstract
The conceptual ability to source, combine, and store substances that enhance technology or social practices represents a benchmark in the evolution of complex human cognition. Excavations in 2008 at Blombos Cave, South Africa, revealed a processing workshop where a liquefied ochre-ri...
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PMID: 21998386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the cognitive and physical impact of virtual reality (VR) integrated training versus traditional training methods in the domain of weld training.
Weld training is very important in various industries and represents a complex...
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PMID: 22046727
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our findings showed that subsequent application of ROS scavengers improve ischemia outcomes, with melatonin being more potent. Conversely, neither melatonin, nor tempol decreased swimming speed cased by ischemia....
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PMID: 21952435
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results suggest that positive and negative urgency are associated with increased activation of general, positive alcohol cognitions, rather than mood-specific subtypes....
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PMID: 21820811
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested whether psychophysical laws explain how female túngara frogs (Physalaemus pustulosus) and frog-eating bats (Trachops cirrhosus) compare male frog calls, and how this imposes selection on call evolution. Although both frogs and bats prefer more elaborate calls, they are less selective as c...
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PMID: 21817052
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purposes of this quasi-experimental, one-group crossover study were to determine the effect of questioning during dental hygiene lectures on low-level and high-level learning and to evaluate student perceptions of questioning. Twenty-three dental hygiene students participated in two control lectu...
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PMID: 21828301
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Scientific American (305)1 2011
Abstract
Abstract
For youth today to achieve their full potential, outdoor-based play and reconnection to nature are essential.
Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.
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PMID: 21786412
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Limiting the number of students per classroom in the early years has been shown to improve educational outcomes. Improved education is, in turn, hypothesized to improve health. The authors examined whether smaller class sizes affect mortality through age 29 years and whether cognitive factors play a...
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PMID: 21540326
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe how sepsis-induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) trigger lipid peroxidation chain reactions throughout the cerebrovasculature and surrounding brain parenchyma, due to failure of the local antioxidant systems. ROS/RNS cause structural membrane damage, induce inflammation,...
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PMID: 21487413
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Social Work (56)2 2011
Abstract
Empathy is more important than ever to a national population worried about difficult political and socioeconomic situations. During the last 10 years, an enormous amount of research has been carried out to elucidate the nature, mechanism, and function of empathy. New research from so...
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PMID: 21553577
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The review focuses on rapidly growing body of data indicating that disturbances of the natural sleep and sleep deprivation lead to various visceral disorders. The review mentions consequences of sleep disturbances on the gastro-intestinal system, cardio-vascular and respiratory, immune, endocrine and...
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PMID: 21786642
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Orvosi Hetilap (152)15 2011
Abstract
Neurological or psychiatric symptoms are present in 60% of the cases with systemic lupus erythematosus. Direct lesions of nervous system are associated with the presence of antibodies, vasculitis, thrombosis and impairments mediated by cytokines. Damages caused by injuries of other organs or those du...
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PMID: 21436024
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To examine the evolution of depression identification and use of antidepressants in elderly long-stay nursing home residents from 1999 through 2007 and the associated sociodemographic and facility characteristics.
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PMID: 21410441
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To solicit student pharmacists' perceptions of testing, study strategies, and recall ability, and use of retrieval practices in metacognitive learning strategies.
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PMID: 21519424
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We introduce "GI distress" as a clinically relevant concept and explain how it may result from physical symptoms, cognitions, and emotions. The GI distress framework suggests that providers should divide GI physical symptoms into four categories: pain, gas/bloat, altered defecation, and foregut symp...
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PMID: 21378758
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of switching from quetiapine to ziprasidone on weight, safety, and effectiveness
In this study, 241 subjects with schizophrenia or schizo affective disorder who had been treated with quetiapine (≥300 mg/day)...
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PMID: 21430488
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
It has been argued that emotion, pain and cognitive control are functionally segregated in distinct subdivisions of the cingulate cortex. However, recent observations encourage a fundamentally different view. Imaging studies demonstrate that negative affect, pain and cognitive contro...
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PMID: 21331082
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined the prevalence of somatic and cognitive symptoms of MPA. We also examined differences in endorsement of symptoms by performing section (i.e., brass players, percussionists, and dancers/color guard) and gender. Results revealed a relatively low prevalence of MPA symptoms as compared with...
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PMID: 21442134
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study was done to determine the risk factors for recurrent fallers (2+falls) compared to single fallers.
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PMID: 21516006
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Antiepileptic drugs have a number of mechanisms of action that target brain excitability systems. The potentiation of GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission represents a classic and well-known antiseizure effect. Currently available GABAergic antiepileptic drugs mainly target GABA(A)...
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PMID: 21428812
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Scientific American (304)2 2011
Abstract
Minerva Pediatrica (63)1 2011
Abstract
Individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) provide a test population for the theory that elevated testosterone levels alter pre-/perinatal brain development.
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PMID: 21311424
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (21)2 2011
Abstract
Abstract
Internationally adopted children often arrive from institutional settings where they have experienced medical, nutritional and psychosocial deprivation. This study uses a validated research assessment tool to prospectively assess the impact of baseline (immediately post adoption) nutritional status o...
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PMID: 21318018
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that total Time 1 EV predicted Time 3 reactive aggression. The influence of EV on proactive aggression was direct. Slight differences emerged, however, for victimization and witnessing violence. Witnessing was associated with reactive aggression via both hostile attribution and response sel...
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PMID: 21219274
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Functional Neurology (26)1 2011
Abstract
We underline that this training must be tailored to single patients in order to allow them to communicate autonomously and efficiently....
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PMID: 21693090
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychiatria polska (45)2 2011
Abstract
The aim of the article was an attempt to present selected theoretical motifs and moreover self experience in the adaptation of elements of psychodrama by Moreno in psychodynamic psychotherapy (individual and group psychotherapy) in a group of people with anorexia and bulimia nervosa....
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PMID: 21714214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the genetic association studies relating candidate genes with event-related potentials. This new and rapidly developing area may aid in elucidating the molecular basis of individual differences in cognitive abilities and broaden our knowledge ofne...
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PMID: 21961314
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Schizophrenia Bulletin (37)1 2011
Abstract
Reduced insight has been reported in a majority of patients with a psychotic disorder. Most studies have focused on associations with neurocognition, neglecting relations with social cognition. Two hundred seventy patients with nonaffective psychosis participated in this study, which...
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PMID: 21097989
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A one-factor common pathway model best fits the 4 BPD scales producing a highly heritable latent liability (heritability = 60%) and strong loadings on all 4 dimensions. Affective instability had the lowest trait-specific genetic loading, suggesting that it was a core feature of BPD. A complex...
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PMID: 21198457
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated face recognition as an ability that may mature late relative to other abilities. Using data from over 60,000 participants, we traced the ability to learn new faces from pre-adolescence through middle age. In three separate experiments, we show that face learning ability improves unti...
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PMID: 21130422
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Night floats have evolved in the era of limited resident work hours. This study was designed to define the effect of restricted nighttime duty hours on the psychomotor and cognitive skills of surgery residents.
To quantify the effect of fatigue on the skills of residents on day-shift and night-float...
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PMID: 21146026
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroscience Bulletin (26)6 2010
Abstract
We reviewed the evidence of both negative and positive effects of IL-1β on learning and memory, and the key factors that may affect the effects of IL-1β on learning and memory were discussed....
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PMID: 21113196
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Annals of Surgery (252)6 2010
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that fatigue-induced performance decline in surgical residents is associated with changes in brain function as detected by functional near-infrared spectroscopy.
Surgical residents (n = 7) participated in a prospective study involving 2-hourly objective measurements of neuroco...
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PMID: 21107119
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) as a modifier of neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes in preschool children after cardiac surgery in infancy for repair of congenital heart defects (CHD).
This is a planned analysis of infants enrolled in a prospective st...
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PMID: 21095350
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Several neuropsychiatric symptoms observed in elders with cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) can be part of a major depressive episode (MDE) or a "subthreshold" depressive episode. Certain neuropsychiatric symptoms of CIND are essential symptoms of MDE (e.g. dysphoria, anhedonia), while other a...
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PMID: 20836912
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The issue of using advanced tracking technologies such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS) is part of a wider debate on the acceptability of assistive technology to older people with dementia. The use of GPS can enhance the personal safety of older people by alerting caregivers to potential dangers...
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PMID: 20594387
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We argue that a decline in physical activity has a detrimental effect on cognition and behavior in patients with dementia. Merely living in a nursing home reduces the level of physical activity. The level of physical activity may even be reduced to a minimum when physical restraints are applied. The...
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PMID: 20813077
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Worldwide, lifespan is lengthening. Concomitantly, late-life dementias are increasingly common, challenging both personal and public health internationally. After age 65, rates of dementia tend to double every five years in developed countries and every seven in developing ones. The late-life dement...
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PMID: 20594386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mayo Clinic Health Letter (28)12 2010
Abstract
Mayo Clinic Health Letter (28)12 2010
Abstract
Abstract
Cortisol is a stress-response hormone that is important for survivability in fight or flight situations. Hypercortisolism is a state of chronically elevated cortisol levels due to a failure to return to, or maintain baseline levels. It is a condition that is often undiagnosed and can aid in the deve...
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PMID: 21197856
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (71)suppl 2 2010
Abstract
To develop an individualized treatment plan that addresses both psychotic and affective symptoms in patients with schizoaffective disorder, clinicians can take several steps. First, clinicians can confirm the diagnosis. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Te...
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PMID: 21190648
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We propose here to review the evidence offering a modern view of bipolar disorder defined as a chronic and progressive multisystem disorder, taking into account characteristics of each patient as well as biosignatures in order to help design personalized treatments.
We conducted a systematic PubMed...
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PMID: 21190640
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We addressed the representativeness of clinical trials by comparing 146 adult clinical trial participants with DSM-IV ADHD and a community sample composed of 124 adults with DSM-IV ADHD and 123 non-ADHD controls. Subjects were compared on socioeconomic status, Hollingshead occupational code, cogniti...
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PMID: 20816030
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (135)51-52 2010
Abstract
Brain research (1360) 2010
Abstract
Simvastatin and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) are implicated as potential therapeutic candidates for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prominent effects of simvastatin include its anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic and neuroregenerative actions studied in various models of neuronal injury. On th...
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PMID: 20833152
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the mammalian brain. Cell biology and mouse genetics have provided insight into axon-glia signalling and the molecular ar...
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PMID: 21068833
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We examined error detection by skilled typists and found illusions of authorship that provide evidence for two error-detection processes. We corrected errors that typists made and inserted errors in correct responses. When asked to report errors, typists took credit for corrected errors and accepted...
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PMID: 21030660
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Surgeon (76)11 2010
Abstract
Abstract
We applied fMRI and diffusion-weighted MRI to study the segregation of cognitive and motor functions in the human cerebro-cerebellar system. Our fMRI results show that a load increase in a nonverbal auditory working memory task is associated with enhanced brain activity in the parietal, dorsal premo...
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PMID: 19925191
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We should restrain ourselves from ascribing it too little....
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PMID: 20201629
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that humans can regulate the activity of their neurons in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) to alter the outcome of the contest between external images and their internal representation. Subjects looked at a hybrid superposition of two images representing familiar individuals, landmarks,...
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PMID: 20981100
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent studies have suggest that masticatory (chewing) function is useful for maintaining neurocognitive function in the elderly. For example, a reduced ability to masticate, such as that resulting from toothlessness or soft-diet feeding, causes learning and memory deficits in aged animals and patho...
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PMID: 21174943
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Vincristine is considered as a backbone of therapy in the induction and consolidation phases of pediatric malignancies. Neurotoxicity is a principal side effect of its use. This study is a randomized single-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the role of glutamic acid in ameliorati...
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PMID: 20921909
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that children with less severe functional deficit, fair to good selective motor control in the ankle, and mild equinus gait respond best to focal botulinum toxin type A treatment, with an eye to flatfoot or heel strike contact. Likewise, children with higher cognitive level see...
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PMID: 20736816
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
using a comprehensive cognitive-behavioral model of insomnia and a daily process approach, this study was conducted to examine the contribution of cancer symptoms and dysfunctional sleep related thoughts and behaviors to the process of insomnia in breast cancer survivors.
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PMID: 21102992
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.