We argue that MBSR may contribute uniquely to attentional improvements but that further research focusing on non-reaction-time-based measures and outcomes less confounded by test effort is needed. Critically, our data demonstrate that previously observed improvements of attention after MBSR may be s...

This study reports the quantification and comparison of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) dynamics during four yogic–based meditation states of cancalata, ekagrata, dharana and dhyana. For this, the Electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded in 30 experienced male yoga practitioners (mean age ≅ 32 years, ra...

I scribbled lists down the margins of my lecture pads: the DSM-IV criteria for depression and schizophrenia, the side effects of the atypical antipsychotics, the assessment of suicide risk. Lists can be vital in recognising the conditions that need treatment to prevent significant morbidity. In some...

To examine the comparative effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) as treatments for non-melancholic depression. Participants who met criteria for a current episode of major depressive disorder were randomly as...

We review commonalities and differences of these interventions regarding philosophical background, main techniques, aims, outcomes, neurobiology and psychological mechanisms. In sum, the currently applied mindfulness-based interventions show large differences in the way mindfulness is conceptualized...

Bone disorders have been described in patients chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A case of spontaneous supracondylar femoral fracture that occurred in a 58-year-old monk during meditation is reported. His AIDS disease was controlled with combination antiretroviral therapy...

We examine how insomnia develops, the evidence for competing explanations for understanding insomnia, and the evidence about psychological and behavioral treatments that are used to reduce insomnia and change daytime consequences. There are new directions to expand access to treatment for those who...

Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome characterized by widespread pain, sleep disturbance, stiffness, fatigue, headache, and mood disorders. Recent research has resulted in an improved understanding of fibromyalgia and its possible causes. This article highlights some of the current research, discusses...

Teachers constitute one of the professional collectives most affected by psychological problems. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study is to examine the efficacy of a mindfulness training programme to reduce psychological distress in a group of teachers. The sample comprised 68 teachers of Se...