Creosote bush, Larrea tridentata, is known as chaparral or greasewood in the United States and as gobernadora or hediondilla in Mexico. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), the main metabolite of the creosote bush, has been shown to have promising applications in the treatment of multiple diseases, inc...

Experimental evidence that RNA virus populations consist of distributions of mutant genomes, termed quasispecies, was first published 31 years ago. This work provided the earliest experimental support for a theory to explain a system that replicated with limited fidelity and to understand the self-o...

All marketed TNF inhibitors for compared to control RA appear to increase the risk of serious and nonserious infections compared with DMARDs. Although suggestive, data for abatacept and rituximab are less definitive and longer periods of patient exposure to these agents are needed before an assessme...

These results together demonstrated that pUC57-CpG induced partial protective immunity in shrimps against WSSV via intermediation of virus replication indirectly and could be used as a potential candidate in the development of therapeutic agents for disease control of WSSV in L. vannamei....

We review several different types of reporter mice for bioluminescence imaging, including animals that permit in vivo detection of viral replication, trafficking of immune cells, activation of key genes in host immunity to viral infection, and response to tissue damage. By utilizing luciferase enzym...

Eight patients treated with TCA had improved olfactory function compared with two treated with vitamin B complex. chi(2) test revealed a significantly better outcome in olfactory function in patients undergoing acupuncture compared with patients receiving vitamin B complex (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: TC...

Investigations indicate that components of innate immunity, including inflammation and Toll-like receptor signaling, are involved in pancreatic islet infiltration and insulitis. Recent studies examining the role of viral infections in T1D development also implicate innate immune response signaling i...

Traditionally, research on xenoses has focused on donor, that is pig-derived, infections. Efforts to exclude pathogens from pig donors have been successful with notable exceptions such as the genetically encoded porcine endogenous retrovirus. Intrinsic resistance of many viruses to infect cells from...