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Norovirus (1):
Recent article
Norovirus
Cell Host & Microbe (9)6 2011
Abstract
We show that the TLR3/MDA5 agonist poly I:C or viral infection dramatically augments signaling via the NLRs Nod1 and Nod2 and enhances the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Enhanced Nod1 and Nod2 signaling by poly I:C required the TLR3/MDA5 adaptors TRIF and IPS-1 and was mediated by type I I...
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PMID: 21669398
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We found that MNV infection can accelerate bacteria-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progression in Mdr1a(-/-) mice. The studies presented here examined whether MNV infection also affects the phenotype of a bacterially driven mouse model of inflammation-associated colon cancer in genetically...
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PMID: 21819691
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (139)2 2011
Abstract
We analysed epidemiological and laboratory data collected using standardized methods from long-term care facilities (LTCFs) during 2003-2006. Faecal specimens were tested for NoV by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. NoV strains were genotyped by sequencing. Of the 234 acute...
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PMID: 20412611
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (139)2 2011
Abstract
We analysed the characteristics of four norovirus outbreaks which occurred during a 3-year period in an in-patient psychiatric care unit. A total of 184 patients were affected which included 172 hospitalized patients, seven healthcare workers (HCWs) and five psychiatric nursing-home residents. The m...
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PMID: 20334730
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (139)2 2011
Abstract
SUMMARYIn December 2006, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred involving 372 guests and 72 employees at a hotel after a guest vomited in corridors on the third (F3) and 25th (F25) floors. Norovirus with identical genotype was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction i...
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PMID: 20429969
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a 2-year-old girl who demonstrated "benign convulsions with gastroenteritis (CwG)" with transient splenial lesions twice during the winter. The first episode was associated with noro-virus and the second with rota-virus. During each episode, seizures occurred in clusters without clinical s...
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PMID: 21077356
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiologie, mikrobiologie, imunologie : casopis Spolecnosti pro epidemiologii a mikrobiologii Ceske lekarske spolecnosti J.E. Purkyne (59)4 2010
Abstract
Our study aimed at providing an assessment of their significance in hospitalized children and adolescents with acute gastroenteritis using ELISA test at the time of their introduction.
A prospective hospital based study of the etiology of acute gastroenteritis was undertaken in a total of 618 patien...
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PMID: 21110484
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated 163 children ≤5 years of age, without a recent history of diarrhea (≤10 days).
Asymptomatic norovirus infections were observed in 11.7% (19/163), with children ≤6 months of age being most frequently infected (16%). Of the 19 norovirus-positive children, 4 (21%) and 10 (53%) wer...
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PMID: 20657344
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I molecules, all of which rely on the secretory pathway for their appropriate cellular localization. This review focuses on our current understanding of the distinct mechanisms employed by enteric pathogens to antagonize the secretory pathway.
Many pathogens encode individual or multiple proteins to...
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PMID: 20717028
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (138)10 2010
Abstract
We describe the prevalence, seasonality and characteristics of asymptomatic norovirus infection in England. Healthy individuals were recruited at random from the general population during the Study of Infectious Intestinal Disease (1993-1996). Norovirus was identified using real-time RT-PCR. The age...
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PMID: 20196905
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Rotavirus and more recently noroviruses are recognized as main causes of moderate to severe acute diarrhea episodes (ADE) in children < or =5 years of age. Comparing epidemiologic and clinical features of norovirus to rotavirus ADE will aid in the decision-making process required to develop noroviru...
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PMID: 20581736
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology (21)5 2010
Abstract
We use Monte Carlo maximum likelihood via data augmentation for obtaining estimates of the transmission rate and infectious period from household outbreaks with the 3 above features.
We apply this parameter estimation technique to 153 infection sequences within households from a norovirus outbreak i...
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PMID: 20508526
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Noroviruses and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are common causes of foodborne disease. They are usually shed in feces and have been found in sewage water, biosolids, and animal manures. With the wide application of manure and biosolids on agricultural lands, there is an increasing interest in investigating...
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PMID: 20455755
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Virology (84)16 2010
Abstract
We examined here how the GII/4 virus evolves to generate and sustain new epidemics in humans, using 199 near-full-length GII/4 genome sequences and 11 genome segment clones from human stool specimens collected at 19 sites in Japan between May 2006 and February 2009. Phylogenetic studies demonstrated...
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PMID: 20534859
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conducted an investigation to identify the source and described the extent of the outbreak. We performed a retrospective cohort study among students, teachers and food handlers exposed to canteen food in the elementary school. Using self-administered questionnaires we collected information on sym...
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PMID: 20676321
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Virus Research (151)2 2010
Abstract
We identified a continuous epitope (55)WIRNNF(60) that was recognized by MAb N2C3. Subsequent studies found that this MAb could recognize several different strains of Noroviruses, not just GII/4. In the present study, we used homology modeling to confirm that the epitope of N2C3 was exposed on the s...
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PMID: 20417671
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The relationship between the incidence of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis outbreaks (NAGOs) in Victoria, Australia for the period 2002-2007 and rainfall was examined. Statistical analysis involving the correlation between time series indicated that there was a statistically significant (p < 0.0...
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PMID: 20717541
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Discovery medicine (10)50 2010
Abstract
Noroviruses are the leading cause of foodborne disease outbreaks worldwide, and may soon eclipse rotaviruses as the most common cause of severe pediatric gastroenteritis, as the use of rotavirus vaccines becomes more widespread. Genetic mutations and recombinations contribute to the broad heterogene...
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PMID: 20670600
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that an interaction between a specific virus infection and a mutation in the Crohn's disease susceptibility gene Atg16L1 induces intestinal pathologies in mice. This virus-plus-susceptibility gene interaction generated abnormalities in granule packaging and unique patterns of gene exp...
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PMID: 20602997
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Virus/Uirusu (60)1 2010
Abstract
I will first summarize fundamental characteristics of norovirus and its molecules. Then, I will summarize structure and molecular evolution of norovirus GII/4 subtype, which is now responsible for majorities of norovirus outbreaks in the world. Finally I will discuss survival strategies of human nor...
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PMID: 20848862
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Food Microbiology (27)4 2010
Abstract
The effect of cranberry juice (CJ) and cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) on the infectivity of human enteric virus surrogates, murine norovirus (MNV-1), feline calicivirus (FCV-F9), MS2(ssRNA) bacteriophage, and phiX-174(ssDNA) bacteriophage was studied. Viruses at high (approximately 7 log(10) PFU/...
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PMID: 20417404
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I RNA were detected in 3 of 696 stool specimens. The homology between one of the four strains (NN07230) and reference strain of G I.8 (WUG I/00/JP) was 94.5%; and the homology between the NN07230 strain and strains circulating during 2006-2007 in Japan and Korea ranged from 96.7% to 98.5%. And they...
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PMID: 20726267
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested fecal samples by using reverse transcription-PCR. We found canine norovirus in 40% and 9% of dogs with and without diarrhea, respectively. The virus was genetically unrelated to other noroviruses and constitutes a tentative new genogroup....
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PMID: 20507751
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
I sub genotype B for HAV and NV genogroup II. BLR analysis showed significant correlations between NV and physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity and salinity) (p=0.017, p=0.08, p=0.048, respectively). No significant correlation between physicochemical parameters and HAV was observed. The...
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PMID: 20154390
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Journal of Infection Control (38)5 Suppl 1 2010
Abstract
Health care-associated infections (HAI) remain a major cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Although the main source of nosocomial pathogens is likely the patient's endogenous flora, an estimated 20% to 40% of HAI have been attributed to cross infection via the hands of health care personnel, w...
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PMID: 20569853
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Bing du xue bao = Chinese journal of virology / [bian ji, Bing du xue bao bian ji wei yuan hui] (26)3 2010
Abstract
We collected fecal and anal swabs specimens from 24 outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis from 2005 to 2008 to detect norovirus. Specimens were detected by RT-PCR and then sequenced. The descriptive data were also collected. According to our research, 19 of 24 outbreaks of gastroenteritis were positive...
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PMID: 20572341
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We examined the prevalence and importance of NoV infection in three international traveler cohorts with diarrhea acquired in three developing regions of the world, Mexico, Guatemala, and India. We also characterized the demographics and symptoms associated with NoV diarrhea in these travelers. Stool...
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PMID: 20305012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although noroviruses were the first viral agents to be linked to gastrointestinal disease, they were long considered a secondary cause far behind rotaviruses. Development of molecular-based diagnostic techniques has provided clearer insight into the epidemiological impact of noroviruses that are now...
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PMID: 20486340
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
[Norovirus infection in adults with sporadic gastroenteritis during 2007-2008 in Nanning Municipal].
Abstract
I (G I). The sequence analysis showed that all 10 G II strains selected randomly belonged to genotype G II4, while 3 GI strains were classified into three different genotypes: G I2, G I4 and G I8.
The study showed that norovirus was an important etiologic agent of sporadic gastroenteritis among adul...
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PMID: 20575264
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (138)4 2010
Abstract
Over 400 office workers from the same unit of a manufacturing company in Stockholm County, Sweden, fell ill with gastroenteritis. A retrospective cohort study of office workers in the affected unit demonstrated that canteen visitors on one day had an increased risk of illness [risk ratio (RR) 27.1,...
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PMID: 19765351
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Epidemiology and Infection (138)4 2010
Abstract
We report the prevalence of rotavirus and calicivirus infections, along with their respective association with diarrhoea in the porcine population of the region of northern Spain. A total of 221 samples were collected at random from different farms in the region and from the main slaughterhouse faci...
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PMID: 19781118
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Frequently cited statistics indicate that the burden of foodborne disease is a serious public health problem, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children. The purpose of the descriptive retrospective study discussed in this article was to analyze data collected within the Electronic Foo...
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PMID: 20235403
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I (GI) and 0.32 log10 for NoV genogroup II (GII). The peak NoV concentration was detected in the coldest months, with 53,300 genomic copies/litre. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that five strains clustered with GI strains and six with GII strains. This study demonstrates th...
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PMID: 20009258
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A quantitative microbial risk analysis-Monte Carlo method was used to estimate norovirus infection risks to consumers of wastewater-irrigated lettuce. Using the same assumptions as used in the 2006 WHO guidelines for the safe use of wastewater in agriculture, a norovirus reduction of 6 log units was...
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PMID: 20009246
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The presence of enteric viruses in drinking water is a potential health risk. Growing interest has arisen in nanometals for water disinfection, in particular the use of silver-based nanotechnology. In this study, Lactobacillus fermentum served as a reducing agent and bacterial carrier matrix for zer...
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PMID: 20038697
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We determined the efficacy of ozone disinfection using murine norovirus (MNV) as a surrogate of human NoV. MNV in ozone demand-free buffer was exposed to a predetermined dose of ozone at two different pHs and temperatures. The virus remaining in the solution was analyzed by plaque assay, real-time T...
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PMID: 20038700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results will help improve strategies for decontaminating surfaces harboring NoV and thus reduce the incidence of illness caused by these pathogens in the food sector and domestic environments....
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PMID: 20132692
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Norovirus is the principal agent of bivalve shellfish-associated gastroenteric illness worldwide. Numerous studies using PCR have demonstrated norovirus contamination in a significant proportion of both oyster and other bivalve shellfish production areas and ready-to-eat products. By comparison, the...
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PMID: 20132676
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The presence of microorganisms on common classroom contact surfaces (fomites) was determined to identify the areas most likely to become contaminated. Six elementary classrooms were divided into control and intervention groups (cleaned daily with a quaternary ammonium wipe) and tested for heterotrop...
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PMID: 19903773
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recently, many cases related to viral gastroenteritis outbreaks have been reported all over the world. Noroviruses are found to be leading as the major cause of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. Patients with the acute gastroenteritis normally found to be positive with norovirus when stools and vo...
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PMID: 20208424
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Diarrhea is the second largest cause of mortality worldwide in children from the perinatal period to the age of 5 years. Rotavirus has been the most commonly identified viral cause of diarrhea in children. Norovirus is now recognized as the second most common viral pathogen. Adenovirus, astrovirus a...
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PMID: 20109050
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To evaluate the bioaccumulation, retention and depuration rates of nine pathogens and surrogates when two oyster species were co-localized in tanks of seawater.
Crassostrea ariakensis (n = 52) and Crassostrea virginica (n = 52) were exposed to five virus types, two pr...
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PMID: 19735333
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Inactivation of infectious viruses during drinking water treatment is usually achieved with free chlorine. Many drinking water utilities in the United States now use monochloramine as a secondary disinfectant to minimize disinfectant by-product formation and biofilm growth. The inactivation of human...
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PMID: 20023080
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our analysis were based on data from routine surveillance system on foodborne and waterborne outbreaks in Poland. A total number of 154 norovirus outbreaks were registered from 2004 to 2008. The outbreaks showed seasonal peak in winter months. Those outbreaks mainly occurred in hospitals and residen...
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PMID: 20499656
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This winter's extreme weather conditions, coupled with an outbreak of norovirus, put the NHS under strain. Many nurses proved their dedication by their willingness to work extra hours.
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PMID: 20222241
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 68-year-old man, immunocompromised due to non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chemotherapy, was admitted for a community-acquired norovirus infection. He developed chronic intermittent diarrhoea and cachexia. A video-capsule examination showed severe mucosal atrophy in the jejunum. The patient died eight mon...
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PMID: 20456762
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Noroviruses (NoVs) resembling human NoV genotype GIV (Alphatron-like) have recently been detected in carnivores. By using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on baculovirus-expressed capsid protein VP1 of lion strain GGIV.2/Pistoia/387/06/ITA, NoV-specific antibodies were detected in cats (16...
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PMID: 19923574
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
médecine/sciences (26)1 2010
Abstract
Noroviruses belong to the Caliciviridae family. They are a major cause of sporadic cases and outbreaks of gastroenteritis in all age groups, and are responsible for a considerable disease burden in industrialized countries. Noroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses, and show great genetic diversit...
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PMID: 20132778
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Intervirology (53)3 2010
Abstract
The molecular and epidemiological features of noroviruses associated with community-based NASGIs and community-based NAGOs are similar but are different from those found for institutional NAGOs.
2010 S. Karger AG, Basel....
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PMID: 20130414
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated NV removal performance as particles during a coagulation-ceramic microfiltration (MF) process by using recombinant NV virus-like particles (rNV-VLPs), which are morphologically and antigenically similar to native NV. We also experimentally investigated the behaviors of two widely acc...
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PMID: 20389000
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of clinical-epidemiological profiles for classifying non-laboratory-confirmed outbreaks of foodborne disease (FBD) in Catalonia between 2002 and 2006 and for elucidating associations among factors contributing to these outbreaks. A total of 275 non...
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PMID: 20051215
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin (15)16 2010
Abstract
We previously reported an outbreak of listeriosis in Austria and Germany due to consumption of Quargel cheese. It comprised 14 cases (including five fatalities) infected by a serotype 1/2a Listeria monocytogenes (clone 1), with onset of illness from June 2009 to January 2010. A second strain of L. m...
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PMID: 20430003
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin (15)12 2010
Abstract
This paper reports on several simultaneous outbreaks of norovirus infection linked to the consumption of raw oysters. Since January 2010, 334 cases in 65 clusters were reported from five European countries: the United Kingdom, Norway, France, Sweden and Denmark. The article describes the available e...
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PMID: 20350499
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We detected > or =1 virus in 120 (53%) of HA-AGE cases; rotavirus (31%), norovirus (16%), and adenovirus 40/41 (15%) were the predominant viruses identified. Molecular evidence indicated rotaviruses and noroviruses were frequently introduced into the hospital from the community. Rotavirus vaccines c...
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PMID: 20031043
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a foodborne outbreak of GI.3 NoV gastroenteritis that affected 33/83 (40%) persons. Symptomatic disease was as likely to develop in nonsecretors as in secretors (odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46-4.36 vs. OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.23-2.18, p = 0.57). Moreover, no statistical...
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PMID: 20031047
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Infectious Diseases (10)1 2010
Abstract
In our cohort, NV infection was shown to be frequent among returning travelers especially in those with diarrhea, with over 1/5 of diarrhea patients tested positive for NV within the first four days after their return to Germany. Due to this prevalence, routine testing for NV infection and hygienic...
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PMID: 20500860
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The attachment of murine norovirus 1 (MNV) in biosolids, swine manure, and dairy manure to Romaine lettuce and internalization of this virus were evaluated. The MNV in animal manures had behavior similar to that of pure MNV; however, MNV in biosolids had significantly higher levels of attachment and...
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PMID: 19933344
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Contaminated food is a significant vehicle for human norovirus transmission. The present study determined the effect of physicochemical treatments on the tenacity of infective human norovirus genogroup II in selected foods. Artificially contaminated produce was subjected to a number of processes use...
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PMID: 19933338
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.