Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring
Intensive Crit Care Nurs 20(2):6 (2004) PMID 15072778
Outcomes in the management of critically ill patients may be improved using goal-directed peri-operative haemodynamic monitoring. A conservative approach may no longer be acceptable but in view of the significant morbidity associated with balloon tipped flow directed pulmonary artery catheters a non-invasive approach would be preferable. In this review we consider the different non-invasive techniques available and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2004.01.002
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