Sleep disturbance is intricately entwined with our sense of well-being, health, emotion regulation, performance and productivity, memory and cognitive functioning, and social interaction. A longitudinal perspective underscores the conclusion that persistent sleep disturbance, insomnia, at any time during the life span from infancy to old age has a lasting impact. We examine how insomnia develops, the evidence for competing explanations for understanding insomnia, and the evidence about psychological and behavioral treatments that are used to reduce insomnia and change daytime consequences. There are new directions to expand access to treatment for those who have insomnia, and thus a critical analysis of pathways for dissemination is becoming increasingly important.

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