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The lactotripeptides isoleucine-proline-proline and valine-proline-proline do not inhibit the N-terminal or C-terminal angiotensin converting enzyme active sites in humans.

J Hypertens 27(7):1404-9 (2009) PMID 19506528

The potential blood pressure lowering effect of fermented milk may involve inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by dairy lactotripeptides generated during milk fermentation, such as isoleucine-proline-proline (IPP) and valine-proline-proline (VPP). These peptides are weak ACE inhibitors in vitro but it remains unclear whether they inhibit ACE in vivo in humans.

DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32832b4759
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