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Visualization of the cellulose biosynthesis and cell integration into cellulose scaffolds.

Christian Brackmann, Aase Bodin, Madeleine Akeson, Paul Gatenholm, and Annika Enejder

Biomacromolecules 11(3):542-8 (2010) PMID 20158282

By controlling the microarchitecture of bioengineered scaffolds for artificial tissues, their material and cell-interaction properties can be designed to mimic native correspondents. Current understanding of this relationship is sparse and based on microscopy requiring harsh sample preparation and labeling, leaving it open to which extent the natural morphology is studied. This work introduces multimodal nonlinear microscopy for label-free imaging of tissue scaffolds, exemplified by bacterial cellulose. Unique three-dimensional images visualizing the formation of nanofiber networks throughout the biosynthesis, revealing that supra-structures (layered structures, cavities) are formed. Cell integration in compact scaffolds was visualized and compared with porous scaffolds. While the former showed distinct boundaries to the native tissue, gradual cell integration was observed for the porous material. Thus, the degree of cell integration can be controlled through scaffold supra-structures. This illustrates the potential of nonlinear microscopy for noninvasive imaging of the intriguing interaction mechanisms between scaffolds and cells.

DOI: 10.1021/bm901153t
Version: za2963e q8za1 q8zbc q8zc8 q8zd0 q8zeb q8zfe q8zga

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