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Morphology and physiological changes of genital skin and mucosa.

Michael A Amantea, Raleigh A Bowden, Alan Forrest, Peter K Working, Mary S Newman, and Richard D Mamelok

Curr Probl Dermatol 40(Suppl. 1):9-19 (2011) PMID 21325836

The morphology and physiology of both the vulva and vagina undergo characteristic age-related changes over a lifetime. At birth, these tissues exhibit the effects of residual maternal estrogens. During puberty, the vulva and vagina mature under the influence of adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones. During the reproductive years, the vagina responds to ovarian steroid hormone cycling, and both tissues adapt to the needs of pregnancy and delivery. Following menopause, the vulva and vagina atrophy. A rise in the prevalence of incontinence among older women increases the risk of vulvar and perineal dermatitis. This chapter covers the morphology and physiology of the genital area from infancy to old age.

DOI: 10.1159/000321042
Version: za2963e q8za8 q8zbc q8zc7 q8zdf q8zec q8zf4 q8zg7
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