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Cytokine-induced increases in endothelial permeability occur after adhesion molecule expression.

Surgery 120(2):411-6; discussion 416-7 (1996) PMID 8751612

Transmigration of neutrophils (PMNs) through endothelial cell tight junctions is a critical stage in the tissue injury of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Although cytokines are released in I/R, it is unclear whether cytokines directly increase permeability or this phenomenon requires both expression of cell adhesion molecules and PMN adhesion-activation.

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