Latest papers

Acute pulmonary effects from o-chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile tear gas: a unique exposure outcome unmasked by strenuous exercise after a military training event.

Liberation of hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen chloride during high-temperature dispersion of CS riot control agent.

Liberation of hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen chloride during high-temperature dispersion of CS riot control agent.

Effect of oleoresin capsicum (OC) and ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) on ciliary beat frequency.

Severe cutaneous reaction to CS gas.

Cutaneous burns from CS incapacitant spray.

Precautions should be taken before anaesthetising anybody, who has been exposed to CS gas to prevent complications such as this making intubation impossible.

Is CS spray dangerous? Hazards are being hidden.

Medical hazards of the tear gas CS. A case of persistent, multisystem, hypersensitivity reaction and review of the literature.

Is CS spray dangerous. Formulation affects toxicity.

Is CS spray dangerous? CS is a particulate spray, not a gas.

Is CS gas dangerous? Current evidence suggests not but unanswered questions remain.

CS incapacitant spray.

CO poisoning caused by inhalation of CH3Cl contained in personal defense spray.

Comparative acute toxicity of o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) and oleoresin capsicum (OC) in awake rats.

Use of CS spray in hypoglycaemia.

CS exposure--clinical effects and management.

Exposure-pattern dermatitis due to CS gas.

Safety of chemical batons.

Safety of chemical batons.